EBK THERMODYNAMICS: AN ENGINEERING APPR
8th Edition
ISBN: 8220100257056
Author: CENGEL
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 15.7, Problem 112RP
To determine
Show that the work output of the Carnot heat engine will be maximum when
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Steam at a pressure of 0.08 bar and a quality of 93.2% enters a shell-and-tube heat exchanger where it condenses on the outside of
tubes through which cooling water flows, exiting as saturated liquid at 0.08 bar. The mass flow rate of the condensing steam is 5.8 x
105 kg/h. Cooling water enters the tubes at 15°C and exits at 35°C with negligible change in pressure.
Neglecting stray heat transfer and ignoring kinetic and potential energy effects, determine the mass flow rate of the cooling water, in
kg/h, for steady-state operation.
mwater = i
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What are the Difference of a Open Heater to a Closed heat exchanger?
A counter flow heat exchanger operates in a stable state, ignoring kinetic and potential effects. Liquid water enters at 15°C and leaves at 23°C, neglecting the change in pressure on the liquid side. On the other side, the refrigerant R-134a enters at 12 bar, 90°C and 150 kg/h, and the outlet condition is 12 bar, 28°C. The heat from the outer surface of the heat exchanger will be neglected. a) Determine the mass flow rate of the liquid water flow in kg/h. b) Determine the entropy production of the heat exchanger in kW/K
Chapter 15 Solutions
EBK THERMODYNAMICS: AN ENGINEERING APPR
Ch. 15.7 - How does the presence of N2 in air affect the...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 2PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 3PCh. 15.7 - Is the airfuel ratio expressed on a mole basis...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 5PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 6PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 7PCh. 15.7 - What does 100 percent theoretical air represent?Ch. 15.7 - Consider a fuel that is burned with (a) 130...Ch. 15.7 - Are complete combustion and theoretical combustion...
Ch. 15.7 - What are the causes of incomplete combustion?Ch. 15.7 - Which is more likely to be found in the products...Ch. 15.7 - Methane (CH4) is burned with the stoichiometric...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 14PCh. 15.7 - n-Butane fuel (C4H10) is burned with the...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 16PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 17PCh. 15.7 - 15–18 n-Octane (C8H18) is burned with 50 percent...Ch. 15.7 - In a combustion chamber, ethane (C2H6) is burned...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 20PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 21PCh. 15.7 - 15–22 One kilogram of butane (C4H10) is burned...Ch. 15.7 - 15–23E One lbm of butane (C4H10) is burned with 25...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 24PCh. 15.7 - A fuel mixture of 60 percent by mass methane (CH4)...Ch. 15.7 - A certain natural gas has the following volumetric...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 27PCh. 15.7 - A gaseous fuel with a volumetric analysis of 45...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 30PCh. 15.7 - 15–31 Octane (C8H18) is burned with dry air. The...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 32PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 33PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 34PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 35PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 36PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 37PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 38PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 39PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 40PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 41PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 42PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 44PCh. 15.7 - Repeat Prob. 1546 for liquid octane (C8H18).Ch. 15.7 - Ethane (C2H6) is burned at atmospheric pressure...Ch. 15.7 - Reconsider Prob. 1550. What minimum pressure of...Ch. 15.7 - Calculate the HHV and LHV of gaseous n-octane fuel...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 49PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 50PCh. 15.7 - Consider a complete combustion process during...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 53PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 54PCh. 15.7 - Propane fuel (C3H8) is burned with an airfuel...Ch. 15.7 - 15–56 Hydrogen (H2) is burned completely with the...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 57PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 58PCh. 15.7 - Octane gas (C8H18) at 25C is burned steadily with...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 61PCh. 15.7 - Liquid ethyl alcohol [C2H5OH(l)] at 25C is burned...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 63PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 64PCh. 15.7 - A constant-volume tank contains a mixture of 120 g...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 67PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 68PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 69PCh. 15.7 - A fuel is completely burned first with the...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 71PCh. 15.7 - Acetylene gas (C2H2) at 25C is burned during a...Ch. 15.7 - Octane gas (C8H18) at 25C is burned steadily with...Ch. 15.7 - Express the increase of entropy principle for...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 81PCh. 15.7 - What does the Gibbs function of formation gf of a...Ch. 15.7 - Liquid octane (C8H18) enters a steady-flow...Ch. 15.7 - Benzene gas (C6H6) at 1 atm and 77F is burned...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 87PCh. 15.7 - Prob. 88PCh. 15.7 - A steady-flow combustion chamber is supplied with...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 91RPCh. 15.7 - 15–92 A gaseous fuel with 80 percent CH4, 15...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 93RPCh. 15.7 - Prob. 94RPCh. 15.7 - Prob. 95RPCh. 15.7 - Prob. 96RPCh. 15.7 - Prob. 97RPCh. 15.7 - Prob. 98RPCh. 15.7 - Prob. 99RPCh. 15.7 - Prob. 100RPCh. 15.7 - A 6-m3 rigid tank initially contains a mixture of...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 102RPCh. 15.7 - Propane gas (C3H8) enters a steady-flow combustion...Ch. 15.7 - Determine the highest possible temperature that...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 106RPCh. 15.7 - Prob. 107RPCh. 15.7 - A steam boiler heats liquid water at 200C to...Ch. 15.7 - Repeat Prob. 15112 using a coal from Utah that has...Ch. 15.7 - Liquid octane (C8H18) enters a steady-flow...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 111RPCh. 15.7 - Prob. 112RPCh. 15.7 - Prob. 113RPCh. 15.7 - Consider the combustion of a mixture of an...Ch. 15.7 - A fuel is burned steadily in a combustion chamber....Ch. 15.7 - A fuel is burned with 70 percent theoretical air....Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 123FEPCh. 15.7 - One kmol of methane (CH4) is burned with an...Ch. 15.7 - An equimolar mixture of carbon dioxide and water...Ch. 15.7 - The higher heating value of a hydrocarbon fuel...Ch. 15.7 - Acetylene gas (C2H2) is burned completely during a...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 129FEPCh. 15.7 - A fuel is burned during a steady-flow combustion...
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- A counter flow heat exchanger operates in a stable state, ignoring kinetic and potential effects. Liquid water enters at 15°C and leaves at 23°C, neglecting the change in pressure on the liquid side. On the other side, the refrigerant R-134a enters at 12 bar, 90°C and 150 kg/h, and the outlet condition is 12 bar, 28°C. The heat from the outer surface of the heat exchanger will be neglected. a) Determine the mass flow rate of the liquid water flow in kg/h. b) Determine the entropy production of the heat exchanger in kW/K.(THERMODYNAMICS)arrow_forwardIn a gas turbine power plant, air at 10°C and I bar is compressed to a pressure of 4 bar by a compressor. The air is then heated in a 100% efficient heat exchanger and in the combustion chamber to a temperature of 700°C. heat exchanger and the combustion chamber is 0.14 bar. Calculate the power plant efficiency.arrow_forwardWater vapor with a flow rate of 20000 kg / h enters the condenser of a power plant at a pressure of 20 kPa and 95% dryness. In the condenser, there is heat transfer to the river water flowing through the pipes. The temperature rise of the river water is limited to 10 ° C to prevent thermal pollution. Since the state of the water at the condenser outlet is a saturated liquid at 20 kPa pressure, what is the flow rate of the cooling water?arrow_forward
- A gas turbine exhaust stack cooler drops the gas temperature from 1020oF to 605°Fby means of a water cooling coil. Cooling water enters the coil at 65°F and leaves,after a counter-flow passage, with a temperature of 190°F. If cp for the gas is 0.26Btu/lb.F, calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient for an exchanger area of2000 ft2, Btu/hr.ft2.F.A. 19.94 B. 29.94 C. 39.94 D. 49.94arrow_forwardAir behaving as an ideal gas enters a compressor followed by a constant pressure heat exchanger with the properties and volume flow rate listed in the figure. Do NOT assume constant specific heats. If the compressor has an isentropic efficiency of 83%, determine: a) The mass flow rate through the system (lbm/s) b) The temperature at the compressor exit (Rankines) c) The power input to the compressor per unit mass of air flowing through the system (Btu/lbm) d) The heat transfer rate per unit mass in the heat exchanger (Btu/lbm)arrow_forwardIn a thermal power plant, steam is obtained from the boiler at 70 bar and 450 °C. This steam is expanded in a high pressure (H.P) turbine to 25 bar and then reheated to 420°C at constant pressure. The steam is then expanded in the intermediate pressure (I.P) turbine. Part of the steam leaving the intermediate pressure turbine is taken to an open exchanger at 180°C (FW) and the remaining steam is taken to a low pressure (L.P) turbine, where it is expanded to 0.07 bar. The isentropic efficiency of the high pressure turbine is 78.5%, the intermediate pressure turbine is and the low pressure turbine has an efficiency of 83%. The boiler has a conversion efficiency of 72%. The mass flow rate of water in the boiler is 15 kg/s. For this system calculate:(a) The net power of the cycle.b) The thermal efficiency of the cycle.c) The amount of coal required each hour in the system.d) The hourly price of coal in the system. NOTE: the first thing to do is to locate the properties of the fluid at each…arrow_forward
- Hot exhaust gases leaving an internal combustion engine at 400oC and 150 kPa at a rate of 0.8 kg/s are to be used to produce saturated steam at 200oC in an insulated heat exchanger. Water enters the heat exchanger at the ambient temperature of 20oC, and the exhaust gases leave the hear exchanger at 350oC. Determine (a) the rate of steam production, (b) the rate of exergy destruction in the heat exchanger, and (c) the second-law efficiency of the heat exchanger.arrow_forwardTwo products enter an indirect contact heat exchanger that uses steam for heating. The first product which contains 12% solids enters at the rate of 3 kg/hr and at 10 °C. The second stream which contains 20% solids enters at the rate of 4 kg/hr and at 20 °C. Saturated steam at 150 °C (hL = 2745.9 kJ/kg, hv = 632.25 k.J/kg) enters the heat exchanger at 0.5 kg/hr with a quality of 95% and exits at 10% quality. The resulting mixture enters an indirect contact cooler. Water enters the indirect contact cooler at a temperature of 10 °C and exits at 25 °C. Two product streams exit the cooler. The first stream contains 24% solids and exits at 2 kg/hr and at 10 °C, while the second stream exits at 12 °C. The specific heat of the solids is 3500 J/kg K and that of water is 4180 J/kg K. Complete/label the process diagram and determine the following: a. Specific heat of each stream b. Enthalpy of entering and exiting steam c. Temperature of the mixture exiting the indirect contact heat exchanger,…arrow_forwardA fuel oil is burned with air in a boiler. Combustion produces 813 kW of thermal energy (heat), 65% of which is transferred as heat to boiler tubes that pass through the furnace. Combustion products pass from the furnace to a chimney at 550°C. The water enters the boiler as a liquid at 30°C and exits as a saturated steam at 20 bar (absolute).(a) Calculate the rate (kg/h) of steam production.(b) Use the steam tables to estimate the volumetric flow of the steam produced.(c) What happens to the 35% of thermal energy released by combustion that is not used to produce steam?arrow_forward
- When heating up a cold stream (5000 kg/h water) from 40°C to 90°C while cooling down a hot stream (5000 kg/h water) from 110°C to 60°C in AES exchangers, how many shells do you need?arrow_forwardA stream of methane(CH4, Cp=4R) flowing at 3.0 kmol/min is isobarically heated in a well‑insulated heat exchanger from 30.00 ∘C to 1.50×102 ∘C. The second side of the exchanger is fed with saturated water vapor, which is isobarically cooled to a saturated liquid when it leaves. As unit operator, you have the choice of feeding high‑pressure steam (HPS) at 4.00 MPa or medium pressure steam (MPS) at 1.00 MPa. Assume Tsurr=27 ∘C. Find the mass flow rate of water and lost work if high pressure steam (HPS) is used. Find the mass flow rate of water and lost work if medium pressure steam (MPS) is used. Which is the better choice of steam to use?arrow_forwardIn a gas turbine plant, the pressure ratio, through which air at 15°C is compressed, is 6. The same air is then heated to a maximum permissible temperature of 750°C first in a heat exchanger which is 75% efficient and then in the combustion chamber. The same air at 750 C is expanded in two stages such that expansion work is maximum. The air is reheated to 750°C after the first state. Determine the cycle thermal efficiency, the work ratio and the net shaft work per kg of air. The efficiencies may be assumed to be 80% and 85% for the compressor and turbine respectively.e) Air enters the compressor of a gas turbinearrow_forward
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