MyLab Economics with Pearson eText -- Access Card -- for Principles of Microeconomics
17th Edition
ISBN: 9780134081168
Author: CASE, Karl E.; Fair, Ray C.; Oster, Sharon E.
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 1.10P
Two firms, Vesuvius and Etna, are each emitting 9 units of pollution, and the government wants to reduce the total level of pollution from the current level of 18 to 6. To do this, the government caps each firm’s allowed pollution level at 3. Each firm must now pay to cut pollution levels by 6 units. A cap-and-trade policy gives each of these firms three permits and allows them to trade permits if they choose. Based on the table below which represents the situation faced by these two firms, what will the firms want to do?
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Suppose the government wants to reduce the total pollution emitted by three local firms. Currently, each firm is creating 4 units of pollution in the area, for a total of 12 pollution units. If the government wants to reduce total pollution in the area to 6 units, it can choose between the following two methods:
Available Methods to Reduce Pollution
1.
The government sets pollution standards using regulation.
2.
The government allocates tradable pollution permits.
Each firm faces different costs, so reducing pollution is more difficult for some firms than others. The following table shows the cost each firm faces to eliminate each unit of pollution. For each firm, assume that the cost of reducing pollution to zero (that is, eliminating all 4 units of pollution) is prohibitively expensive.
Firm
Cost of Eliminating the...
First Unit of Pollution
Second Unit of Pollution
Third Unit of Pollution
(Dollars)
(Dollars)
(Dollars)
Firm X
130
165
220…
Assume citizens of Destrahan are complaining that Shell Chemical and Dow Chemical are polluting the environment. Currently, each firm emits 40 tons of pollution per year. Shell Chemical could reduce its pollution at a cost of $500 per ton, and Dow Chemical could reduce its pollution at a cost of $100 per ton. To reduce overall pollution to 40 units, the mayor gives each firm 20 tradable pollution permits. Each permit allows a firm to emit one ton of pollution. Assuming each permit has a market value is $200, what is the cost of reducing pollution to the desired level?
a.$2,000
b.$4,000
c.$8,000
d.$10,000
The following table shows the marginal costs for each of the four firms (A, B, C, and D) to eliminate units of pollution from their production processes. For example, for Firm A to eliminate one unit of pollution, it would cost $ 54, and for Firm A to eliminate a second unit of pollution it would cost an additional$67. Refer to Table 10-5. Suppose the government wants to reduce pollution from 16 units to 8 units and auctions off 8 pollution permits to achieve this goal. Which of the following is a likely auction price for the permits? a.$69b.$97c.$81d. 583
Chapter 16 Solutions
MyLab Economics with Pearson eText -- Access Card -- for Principles of Microeconomics
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1.1PCh. 16 - Prob. 1.2PCh. 16 - Prob. 1.3PCh. 16 - A paper factory dumps polluting chemicals into the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1.6PCh. 16 - [Related to the Economics in Practice on p. 329]...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1.8PCh. 16 - Prob. 1.9PCh. 16 - Two firms, Vesuvius and Etna, are each emitting 9...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1.11P
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