EP PHYSICS F/SCI.+ENGR.W/MOD..-MOD MAST
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780133899634
Author: GIANCOLI
Publisher: PEARSON CO
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 14Q
In Fig. 16-15, if the frequency of the speakers is lowered, would the points D and C (where destructive and constructive interference occur) move farther apart or closer together?
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(I) An organ pipe is 116 cm long. Determine the fundamentaland first three audible overtones if the pipe is (a) closedat one end, and (b) open at both ends.
(III) Two loudspeakers are placed 3.00 m apart, as shown in
Fig. 12–37. They emit 474-Hz sounds, in phase. A micro-
phone is placed 3.20 m distant from a point midway between
the two speakers, where an intensity maximum is recorded.
(a) How far must the microphone be moved to the right
to find the first intensity
minimum? (b) Suppose the
speakers are reconnected so
that the 474-Hz sounds they
emit are exactly out of
phase. At what positions are
the intensity maximum and
minimum now?
H3.00 m-
3.20 m
dɔ
FIGURE 12-37
Problem 54.
Calculate the lowest resonant frequency for a brick partition 150 mm thick, 6 m by 3 m in an area with a longitudinal wave velocity of 2350 m/s. (Assume it is supported at its edges.)
Chapter 16 Solutions
EP PHYSICS F/SCI.+ENGR.W/MOD..-MOD MAST
Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 1AECh. 16.3 - If an increase of 3 dB means twice as intense,...Ch. 16.3 - Trumpet players. A trumpeter plays at a sound...Ch. 16.4 - Two strings have the same length and tension, but...Ch. 16.7 - Prob. 1GECh. 16.7 - How fast would a source have to approach an...Ch. 16 - What is the evidence that sound travels as a wave?Ch. 16 - What is the evidence that sound is a form of...Ch. 16 - Children sometimes play with a homemade telephone...Ch. 16 - When a sound wave passes from air into water, do...
Ch. 16 - What evidence can you give that the speed of sound...Ch. 16 - The voice of a person who has inhaled helium...Ch. 16 - What is the main reason the speed of sound in...Ch. 16 - Two tuning forks oscillate with the same...Ch. 16 - How will the air temperature in a room affect the...Ch. 16 - Explain how a lube might be used as a filler to...Ch. 16 - Prob. 11QCh. 16 - A noisy truck approaches you from behind a...Ch. 16 - Standing waves can he said to be due to...Ch. 16 - In Fig. 16-15, if the frequency of the speakers is...Ch. 16 - Traditional methods of protecting the hearing of...Ch. 16 - Consider the two waves shown in Fig. 1630. Each...Ch. 16 - Is there a Doppler shift if the source and...Ch. 16 - If a wind is blowing, will this alter the...Ch. 16 - Figure 1631 shows various positions of a child on...Ch. 16 - Approximately how many octaves are there in the...Ch. 16 - At a race track, you can estimate the speed of...Ch. 16 - (I) A hiker determines the length of a lake by...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2PCh. 16 - (I) (a) Calculate the wavelengths in air at 20C...Ch. 16 - (I) On a warm summer day (27C), it takes 4.70 s...Ch. 16 - (II) A motion sensor can accurately measure the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6PCh. 16 - A stone is dropped from the top of a cliff. The...Ch. 16 - A person, with his ear to the ground, sees a huge...Ch. 16 - Prob. 9PCh. 16 - (I) The pressure amplitude of a sound wave in air...Ch. 16 - (I) What must be the pressure amplitude in a sound...Ch. 16 - (II) Write an expression that describes the...Ch. 16 - (II) The pressure variation in a sound wave is...Ch. 16 - What is the intensity of a sound at the pain level...Ch. 16 - (I) What is the sound level of a sound whose...Ch. 16 - (I) What are the lowest and highest frequencies...Ch. 16 - (II) Your auditory system can accommodate a huge...Ch. 16 - (II) You are trying to decide between two new...Ch. 16 - (II) At a painfully loud concert, a 120-dB sound...Ch. 16 - (II) If two firecrackers produce a sound level of...Ch. 16 - A person standing a certain distance from an...Ch. 16 - (II) A cassette player is said to have a...Ch. 16 - (II) (a) Estimate the power output of sound from a...Ch. 16 - (II) A 50-dB sound wave strikes an eardrum whose...Ch. 16 - Expensive amplifier A is rated at 250 W, while the...Ch. 16 - (II) At a rock concert, a dB meter registered...Ch. 16 - A fireworks shell explodes 100m above the ground,...Ch. 16 - If the amplitude of a sound wave is made 2.5 times...Ch. 16 - Two sound waves have equal displacement...Ch. 16 - What would be the sound level (in dB) of a sound...Ch. 16 - (a) Calculate the maximum displacement of air...Ch. 16 - A jet plane emits 5.0 105 J of sound energy per...Ch. 16 - What would you estimate for the length of a bass...Ch. 16 - The A string on a violin has a fundamental...Ch. 16 - An organ pipe is 124 cm long. Determine the...Ch. 16 - (a) What resonant frequency would you expect from,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 37PCh. 16 - Prob. 38PCh. 16 - An unfingered guitar string is 0.73m long and is...Ch. 16 - (II) (a) Determine the length of an open organ...Ch. 16 - Prob. 41PCh. 16 - Prob. 42PCh. 16 - Prob. 43PCh. 16 - (II) A particular organ pipe can resonate at 264...Ch. 16 - A uniform narrow tube 1.80m long is open at both...Ch. 16 - (II) A pipe in air at 23.0C is to be designed to...Ch. 16 - How many overtones are present within the audible...Ch. 16 - Prob. 49PCh. 16 - (II) In a quartz oscillator, used as a stable...Ch. 16 - The human car canal is approximately 2.5 cm long....Ch. 16 - (II) Approximately what are the intensities of the...Ch. 16 - A piano tuner hears one beat every 2.0s when...Ch. 16 - What is the beat frequency if middle C (262 Hz)...Ch. 16 - A guitar string produces 4 beats/s when sounded...Ch. 16 - (II) The two sources of sound in Fig. 1615 face...Ch. 16 - Prob. 57PCh. 16 - (II) Two loudspeakers are placed 3.00 m apart, as...Ch. 16 - Two piano strings are supposed to be vibrating at...Ch. 16 - A source emits sound of wavelengths 2.64 m and...Ch. 16 - (I)The predominant frequency of a certain fire...Ch. 16 - A bat at rest sends out ultrasonic sound waves at...Ch. 16 - (II) (a) Compare the shift in frequency if a...Ch. 16 - Two automobiles are equipped with the same single...Ch. 16 - A police car sounding a siren with a frequency of...Ch. 16 - (II) A bat flies toward a wall at a speed of 7.0...Ch. 16 - In one of the original Doppler experiments, a tuba...Ch. 16 - (II) If a speaker mounted on an automobile...Ch. 16 - A wave on the surface of the ocean with wavelength...Ch. 16 - A factory whistle emits sound of frequency 720 Hz....Ch. 16 - The Doppler effect using ultrasonic waves of...Ch. 16 - (II) An airplane travels at Mach 2.0 where the...Ch. 16 - A space probe enters the thin atmosphere of a...Ch. 16 - A meteorite traveling 8800 m/s strikes the ocean....Ch. 16 - Show that the angle a sonic boom makes with the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 76PCh. 16 - (II) A supersonic jet traveling at Mach 2.2 at an...Ch. 16 - A fish finder uses a sonar device that sends...Ch. 16 - A science museum has a display called a sewer pipe...Ch. 16 - A single mosquito 5.0 m from a person makes a...Ch. 16 - What is the resultant sound level when an 82-dB...Ch. 16 - The sound level 9.00 m from a loudspeaker, placed...Ch. 16 - A stereo amplifier is rated at 175 W output at...Ch. 16 - Workers around jet aircraft typically wear...Ch. 16 - In audio and communications systems, the gain, ,...Ch. 16 - For large concerts, loudspeakers are sometimes...Ch. 16 - Manufacturers typically offer a particular guitar...Ch. 16 - The high-E string on a guitar is fixed at both...Ch. 16 - Prob. 89GPCh. 16 - Prob. 90GPCh. 16 - Two identical tubes, each closed at one end, have...Ch. 16 - Prob. 92GPCh. 16 - The diameter D of a tube does affect the node at...Ch. 16 - A person hears a pure tone in the 500 to 1000-Hz...Ch. 16 - The frequency of a steam train whistle as it...Ch. 16 - Two trains emit 516-Hz whistles. One train is...Ch. 16 - Two loudspeakers are at opposite ends of a...Ch. 16 - Two open organ pipes, sounding together, produce a...Ch. 16 - A bat flies toward a moth at speed 7.5 m/s while...Ch. 16 - If the velocity of blood flow in the aorta is...Ch. 16 - A bat emits a series of high-frequency sound...Ch. 16 - Prob. 102GPCh. 16 - Two loudspeakers face each other at opposite ends...Ch. 16 - Prob. 104GPCh. 16 - The wake of a speedboat is 15 in a lake where the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 106GPCh. 16 - Prob. 107GPCh. 16 - Prob. 108GP
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- (III) Two loudspeakers are placed 3.00 m apart, as shown in Fig. 12–37. They emit 474-Hz sounds, in phase. A micro- phone is placed 3.20 m distant from a point midway between the two speakers, where an intensity maximum is recorded. (a) How far must the microphone be moved to the right| to find the first intensity minimum? (b) Suppose the speakers are reconnected so that the 474-Hz sounds they emit are exactly out of phase. At what positions are the intensity maximum and minimum now? H3.00 m - 3.20 m d2 FIGURE 12-37 Problem 54.arrow_forward(II) Your ears can accommodate a huge range of soundlevels. What is the ratio of highest to lowest intensity at(a) 100 Hz, (b) 5000 Hz? (See Fig. 12–6.)arrow_forwardA dB meter registered 125 dB when it was placed 3.90 m in front of a speaker. (i) Calculate the power output of the speaker, assuming uniform spherical spreading of the sound and negligible absorption by the air.arrow_forward
- Children sometimes play with a homemade “telephone” byattaching a string to the bottoms of two paper cups. Whenthe string is stretched and a child speaks into one cup, thesound can be heard at the other cup (Fig. 12–29). Explainclearly how the sound wave travels from one cup to the other.arrow_forward(c) Two identical speakers are placed at the positions X and Y, as shown in the following figure. The separation distance between the positions X and Y is 4.9 m. When both speakers are working in phase under a frequency of 159 Hz, calculate the minimum distances of YZ and XZ, such that destructive interference would occur at the position Z. The speed of sound is 344 m/s. Hint: XY>YZ. X Z Two speakers at the positions X and Y (not to scale)arrow_forward(II) A person standing a certain distance from an airplanewith four equally noisy jet engines is experiencing a soundlevel of 140 dB. What sound level would this person experience if the captain shut down all but one engine? [Hint:Add intensities, not dBs.]arrow_forward
- 10-9. The following noise spectrum was obtained from a jet aircraft flying overhead at an altitude of 250 m. Compute the equivalent A-weighted sound level using sound power level addition in a spreadsheet program you have written. INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Band center Band level frequency (Hz) (dB) 125 85 250 88 500 96 1,000 100 2,000 104 4,000 101arrow_forwardA guitar string made of steel has a length of 40cm and mass of 35gm.when used on a guitar ,a tension of 40N is applied and a section of the string 35cm long will cause a vibration with a bow.The generated sound will have an intensity level of 60 dB at a distance of one meter. (I)What is the sound intensity level(dB) at a distance of 30m?arrow_forward2 In Fig. 16-24, wave 1 consists of a rectangular peak of height 4 units and width d, and a rectangular valley of depth 2 units and width d. The wave travels rightward along an x axis Choices 2, 3, and 4 are similar waves, with the same heights, depths, and widths, that will travel leftward along that axis and through wave 1. Right-going wave 1 and one of the left-going waves will interfere as they pass through each other. With which left-going wave will the interference give, for an instant, (a) the deepest valley, (b) a flat line, and (c) a flat peak 2d wide? (1) (2) (3) (4)arrow_forward
- (II) How far from the mouthpiece of the flute in Example 12–11 should the hole be that must be uncovered to play F above middle C at 349 Hz?arrow_forward(b) Consider the speaker set-up in the previous question. Each speaker emits a frequency of 6.6 102 Hz in phase with the other. The listener is seated directly in front of one speaker, 1.6 m away. The speakers are 2.4 m away from each other. How many extra wavelengths are needed for sound to get from speaker 2 to the listener? Take the speed of sound in air to be 3.4 102 m/s. Extra wavelengths |x,-x2|/A:| (c) What kind of interference, if any, does the listener in the previous question experience? There is not enough information to tell Destructive interference Constructive interference No interferencearrow_forward(II) An ocean fishing boat is drifting just above a school of tuna on a foggy day. Without warning, an engine backfire occurs on another boat 1.55 km away (Fig. 12–33). How much time elapses before the backfire is heard (a) by the fish, and (b) by the fishermen? (b) _1.55 km (a) FIGURE 12-33 Problem 5.arrow_forward
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