This reaction has an equilibrium constant of
Calculate:
Kp for each reaction and predict whether reactants or products will be favored at equilibrium:
a.
b.
c.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Chemistry: Structure and Properties, Books a la Carte Edition & Modified MasteringChemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Chemistry: Structure and Properties Package
- Kp for the formation of phosgene, COCl2, is 6.5 1011 at 25 C. CO(g) + Cl2(g) COCl2(g) What is the value of Kp for the dissociation of phosgene? COCl2(g) CO(g) + Cl2(g)arrow_forwardKc = 5.6 1012 at 500 K for the dissociation of iodine molecules to iodine atoms. I2(g) 2 I(g) A mixture has [I2] = 0.020 mol/Land [I] = 2.0 108 mol/L. Is the reaction at equilibrium (at 500 K)? If not, which way must the reaction proceed to reach equilibrium?arrow_forwardConsider the formation of NO(g) from its elements. N2(g) + O2(g) 2 NO(g) (a) Calculate Kp at 25 C. Is the reaction product-favored at equilibrium at this temperature? (b) Assuming rH and rS are nearly constant with temperature, calculate rG at 700 C. Estimate Kp from the new value of rG at 700 C. Is the reaction product-favored at equilibrium at 700 C? (c) Using Kp at 700 C, calculate the equilibrium partial pressures of the three gases if you mix 1.00 bar each of N2 and O2.arrow_forward
- The equilibrium constant Kc for the synthesis of methanol, CH3OH. CO(g)+2H2(g)CH3OH(g) is 4.3 at 250C and 1.8 at 275C. Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic?arrow_forwardGaseous acetic acid molecules have a certain tendency to form dimers. (A dimer is a molecules formed by the association of two identical, simpler molecules.) The equilibrium constant Kp at 25C for this reaction is 1.3 103. a If the initial pressure of CH3COOH monomer (the simpler molecule) is 7.5 103 atm, what are the pressures of monomer and dimer when the system comes to equilibrium? (The simpler quadratic equation is obtained by assuming that all of the acid molecules have dimerized and then some of it dissociates to monomer.) b Why do acetic acid molecules dimerize? What type of structure would you draw for the dimer? c As the temperature decreases, would you expect the percentage of dimer to increase or decrease? Why?arrow_forwardNitrosyl chloride, NOC1, decomposes to NO and Cl2 at high temperatures. 2 NOCl(g) ⇌ 2 NO(g) + Cl2(g) Suppose you place 2.00 mol NOC1 in a 1.00–L flask, seal it, and raise the temperature to 462 °C. When equilibrium has been established, 0.66 mol NO is present. Calculate the equilibrium constant Kc for the decomposition reaction from these data.arrow_forward
- Consider the equation G = G + RT ln(Q). What is the value of G for a reaction at equilibrium? What does Q equal at equilibrium? At equilibrium, the previous equation reduces to G = RT ln(K). When G 0, what does it indicate about K? When G 0, what does it indicate about K? When t G = 0, what does it indicate about K? G predicts spontaneity for a reaction, whereas G predicts the equilibrium position. Explain what this statement means. Under what conditions can you use G to determine the spontaneity of a reaction?arrow_forwardAmmonia is produced by the Haber process, in which nitrogen and hydrogen are reacted directly using an iron mesh impregnated with oxides as a catalyst. For the reaction N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g) equilibrium constants (Kp values) as a function of temperature are 300C, 4.34 103 500C, 1.45 105 600C, 2.25 106 Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?arrow_forwardKc for the decomposition of ammonium hydrogen sulfide is 1.8 104 at 25 C. NH4HS(s) NH3(g) + H2S(g) (a) When the pure salt decomposes in a flask, what are the equilibrium concentrations of NH3 and H2S? (b) If NH4HS is placed in a flask already containing 0.020 mol/L of NH3 and then the system is allowed to come to equilibrium, what are the equilibrium concentrations of NH3 and H2S?arrow_forward
- The standard free energy change, rG, for the formation of NO(g) from its elements is + 86.58 kJ/mol-rxn at 25 C. Calculate Kp at this temperature for the equilibrium N2(g) + O2(g) NO(g) Comment on the sign of rG and the magnitude of Kp.arrow_forwardWhat is the approximate value of the equilibrium constant KP for the change C2H5OC2H5(l)C2H5OC2H5(g) at 25 C. {Vapor pressure was described in the previous Chapter on liquids and solids; refer back to this chapter to find the relevant information needed to solve this problem.)arrow_forwardConsider the decomposition of CaCO3(s) into CaO(s) and Co2(g). What is the equilibrium partial pressure of CO2 at room temperature?arrow_forward
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