NESTER'S MICROBIOLOGY-ACCESS
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260518498
Author: Anderson
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 16, Problem 2CT
Summary Introduction
To review:
The presence of normal microbiota of the human body.
Introduction:
Normal microflora refers to the population of microorganisms that inhabit bodymembrane of a healthy person. The normal microflora may aid the host, harm it, or can exist as commensals. This normal flora influences anatomy, physiology, susceptibility to pathogen, and morbidity to the host.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
NESTER'S MICROBIOLOGY-ACCESS
Ch. 16 -
1. Describe three types of symbiotic...Ch. 16 -
2. Describe two situations that can lead to...Ch. 16 -
3. How are acute, chronic, and latent infections...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4SACh. 16 - Describe the four general mechanisms by which...Ch. 16 - Describe two mechanisms that bacteria use to...Ch. 16 - Explain how a capsule can allow an organism to be...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8SACh. 16 -
9. Describe two mechanisms a virus might use to...Ch. 16 -
10. How do Schistosoma species avoid antibodies?
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1MCCh. 16 - Prob. 2MCCh. 16 - The C5a peptidase enzyme of Streptococcus pyogenes...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4MCCh. 16 - Prob. 5MCCh. 16 - Prob. 6MCCh. 16 - Prob. 7MCCh. 16 - Prob. 8MCCh. 16 - Prob. 9MCCh. 16 -
10. Which of the following statements about...Ch. 16 - A group of smokers suffering from Staphylococcus...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2ACh. 16 - Prob. 1CTCh. 16 - Prob. 2CT
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following statements is incorrect? a. Mucosal surfaces are better than skin surfaces at supporting colonization by commensal microorganisms. b. The skin provides a larger surface area than mucosal surfaces for commensal microorganisms. c. There are ten times as many bacteria residing in the intestinal tract than the number of cells in the human body. d. It is common for commensal bacteria to live in symbiosis with their human hosts. e. During gestation in mammals, a fetus does not have any commensal microorganisms on their skin or mucosal surfaces.arrow_forwardWhich of the following amnong A-D is false concerning your microbiome? IS A) Ot represents a type of endosymbiosis B)O there are more of them on (and in) you than your own cells C) O they are generally (usually) harmless D) O you wvould be much healthier and happier if you did not have them at all 110arrow_forwardDo you think that it is correct that the blood has no microbiota? YOU CAN MAKE A CASE EITHER WAY. This is a question where I just want you to think and make an argument for or against the statement in the book that the blood has no microbes.arrow_forward
- A student argues that it makes no sense to be concerned about coliforms in drinking water because they are harmless members of our normal microbiota. Explain why regulatory agencies are concerned about coliforms.arrow_forwardA. What is Pasteur’s “Germ Theory of Disease?. How did he discover this principle? B. What major obstacle did he have to overcome (A philosophical concept) to establish the validity of the theory.arrow_forwardThe intestinal epithelium produces a variety of antimicrobial peptides that play a crucial role in establishing the balance of commensal organisms versus pathogens constituting the healthy host microbiota. Studies have found that, in Crohn's disease, individuals have dysbiosis, a condition in which there is disruption of the normal composition of the host microbiota. It is, therefore, not surprising that several cases of Crohn's disease have been linked to: Reduced recruitment of neutrophils to the intestinal mucosa O Increased IL-10 secretion by intestinal macrophages O Reduced production of IL-1-3 in response to microbial antigens O Defects in production of antimicrobial peptides in Paneth cells O Reduced number of Th17 cells in the lamina propriaarrow_forward
- It was not until 1928 that penicillin, the first true antibiotic, was discovered by Alexander Fleming, Professor of Bacteriology at St. Mary's Hospital in London. Penicillin heralded the dawn of the antibiotic age. Before its introduction there was no effective treatment for infections such as pneumonia, gonorrhea or rheumatic fever. Hospitals were full of people with blood poisoning contracted from a cut or a scratch, and doctors could do little for them but wait and hope. 1. What is the mechanism of action of penicillin? 2. Cells treated with penicillin do not die immediately, so how this antibiotic is effective? 3. Why penicillin is most effective against Gram-positive bacteria? 4. Explain penicillin resistance mechanisms among bacteria today and the causes why they gained this resistance and making this great life-saving drug not usable anymore.arrow_forwardAn infectious disease is a disease that is caused when a pathogen is passed from one organism to another. The nonliving pathogen is the a) Parasites b) Bacteria c) Virus d) Protozoa Please I need a surely answer and a quicker responsearrow_forwardOver the years research shows the effect of dietary interventions (prebiotic spike-ins, meal replacement) on the gut microbiome and found some interesting (and mixed!) results. Can the use of dietary supplements/meal replacement strategies used in a clinical/healthcare setting to help people with certain gut conditions? What will be some positives and negatives to using these dietary therapies?arrow_forward
- in your own words, what is the accuracy of claims about chron's disease being impacted by our gut microbiotaarrow_forwardMicrobiota In healthy humans, the internal organs and tissues such as muscles, the brain, and blood do not contain microorganisms. However, surface tissues, such as the skin and mucous membranes, are in continuous contact with environmental microbes and become readily colonized by specific bacteria. The population of microbes regularly found in the body is referred to as the normal microbiota. The term transient microbiota refers to members of the normal microbiota that are present for only a short time before disappearing. A person's normal microbiota is an important part of the immune system, as the normal microbiota often inhibit pathogenic microbes from colonizing the host, a process called microbial antagonism. Different types of bacteria will colonize different niches in a person's body due to variations in moisture level, pH. atmospheric pressure, oxygen levels, and body secretions. Accordingly, different types of medila must be used to culture the various human microbiota. If…arrow_forwardSelect all of the following that applies to the tradeoff between transmission and virulence that applies to many diseases. a) The tradeoff between transmission and virulence means that diseases always evolve to become more virulent. b) If greater virulence limits transmission, that disease will likely evolve to become less virulent than it could be. c) While making more copies of itself can increase the likelihood of transmission occurring, too much replication of the disease can make the host so sick it won't leave the house and spread the disease. d) A strain of a disease that replicates enough to be transmitted, but not so much that the host gets too sick to move, will be favored by natural selection over strains that either make the host too sick or do not replicate enough to be transmitted. e) If a disease can spread without making its host sick (e.g. when the host is asymptomatic), then the tradeoff between transmission and virulence…arrow_forward
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