Consider the reaction:
A solution is made containing an initial [Fe3+] of
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- Because calcium carbonate is a sink for CO32- in a lake, the student in Exercise 12.39 decides to go a step further and examine the equilibrium between carbonate ion and CaCOj. The reaction is Ca2+(aq) + COj2_(aq) ** CaCO,(s) The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 2.1 X 10*. If the initial calcium ion concentration is 0.02 AI and the carbonate concentration is 0.03 AI, what are the equilibrium concentrations of the ions? A student is simulating the carbonic acid—hydrogen carbonate equilibrium in a lake: H2COj(aq) H+(aq) + HCO}‘(aq) K = 4.4 X 10"7 She starts with 0.1000 AI carbonic acid. What are the concentrations of all species at equilibrium?arrow_forwardFor the reaction 2NO(g)+2H2(g)N2(g)+2H2O(g) it is determined that, at equilibrium at a particular temperature, the concentrations are as follows: [NO(g)] = 8.1 103 M, [H2(g)] = 4.1 105 M, [N2(g)] = 5.3 102 M, and [H2O(g)] = 2.9 103 M. Calculate the value of K for the reaction at this temperature.arrow_forwardThe diagram represents an equilibrium mixture for the reaction N2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2 NO(g) Estimate the equilibrium constant.arrow_forward
- Because carbonic acid undergoes a second ionization, the student in Exercise 12.39 is concerned that the hydrogen ion concentration she calculated is not correct. She looks up the equilibrium constant for the reaction HCO,-(aq) «=* H+(aq) + COf'(aq) Upon finding that the equilibrium constant for this reaction is 4.8 X 10“H, she decides that her answer in Exercise 12.39 is correct. Explain her reasoning. A student is simulating the carbonic acid—hydrogen carbonate equilibrium in a lake: H,CO,(aq) 5=6 H+(aq) + HCO,'(aq) K = 4.4 X 10'7She starts with 0.1000 A1 carbonic acid. W hat are the concentrations of all species at equilibrium?arrow_forwardThe experiment in Exercise 12.33 was redesigned so that the reaction started with 0.15 mol each of N2 and O2 being injected into a 1.0-L container at 2500 K. The equilibrium constant at 2500 K is 3.6 X 10“’. What was the composition of the reaction mixture after equilibrium was attained? The following reaction establishes equilibrium at 2000 K: N2(g) + O2(g) *2 2 NO K = 4.1 X IO-4 If the reaction began with 0.100 mol L-1 of N2 and 0.100 mol L-’ ofO2, what were the equilibrium concentrations of all species?arrow_forwardIn a particular experiment, the equilibrium constant measured for the reaction, Cl2(g)+NO2(g)Cl2NO2(g), is 2.8. Based on this measurement, calculate AG° for this reaction. Calculate AG° using data from Appendix E at the back of the book and discuss the agreement between your two calculations.arrow_forward
- Write equilibrium constant expressions for the following reactions. For gases, use either pressures or concentrations. (a) 2 H2O2(g) 2 H2O(g) + O2(g) (b) CO(g) + O2g CO2(g) (c) C(s) + CO2(g) 2 CO(g) (d) NiO(s) + CO(g) Ni(s) + CO2(g)arrow_forwardThe following data were collected for a system at equilibrium at 140°C. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction, 3 H2(g) + N2(g) 5=^ 2 NHt(g) at this temperature. [H2] = 0.10 mol L_1, [NJ = 1.1 mol L"1, [NHJ = 3.6 X 10"-mol L'1arrow_forwardAt 2300 K the equilibrium constant for the formation of NO(g) is 1.7 103. N2(g) + O2(g) 2 NO(g) (a) Analysis shows that the concentrations of N2 and O2 are both 0.25 M, and that of NO is 0.0042 M under certain conditions. Is the system at equilibrium? (b) If the system is not at equilibrium, in which direction does the reaction proceed? (c) When the system is at equilibrium, what are the equilibrium concentrations?arrow_forward
- Hydrogen and carbon dioxide react at a high temperature to give water and carbon monoxide. H2(g) + CO2(g) H2O(g) + CO(g) (a) Laboratory measurements at 986 C show that there are 0.11 mol each of CO and H2O vapor and 0.087 mol each of H2 and CO2 at equilibrium in a 50.0-L container. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction at 986 C. (b) Suppose 0.010 mol each of H2 and CO2 are placed in a 200.0-L container. When equilibrium is achieved at 986 C, what amounts of CO(g) and H2O(g), in moles, would be present? [Use the value of Kc from part (a).]arrow_forwardA 0.72-m01 sample of PCl5 is put into a 1.00-L vessel and heated. At equilibrium, the vessel contains 0.40 mol of PCl3(g ) and 0.40 mol of Cl2(g). Calculate the value of the equilibrium constant for the decomposition of PCl5 to PCl3 and Cl2 at this temperature.arrow_forwardThe equilibrium constant for the dissociation of iodine molecules to iodine atoms I2(g) 2 I(g) is 3.76 103 at 1000 K. Suppose 0.105 mol of I2 is placed in a 12.3-L flask at 1000 K. What are the concentrations of I2 and I when the system comes to equilibrium?arrow_forward
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