Essential University Physics: Volume 1 (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321993724
Author: Richard Wolfson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 44P
To determine
The minimum number of calories burned off climbing the mountain.
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A 4-ton air conditioner removes 5.06×107 J (48,000 British thermal units) from a cold environment in 1.00 h. (a) What energy input in joules is necessary to do this if the air conditioner has an energy efficiency rating ( EER ) of 12.0?
(b) What is the cost of doing this if the work costs 10.0 cents per 3.60×106J (one kilowatt-hour)? (c) Discuss whether this cost seems realistic. Note that the energy efficiency rating ( EER ) of an air conditioner or refrigerator is defined to be the number of British thermal units of heat transfer from a cold environment per hour divided by the watts of power input.
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A typical human consumes 2500 Kcal of energy during a day. Say you decided to run stairs all day. How much energy, in Joules, would you burn in climbing stairs all day?
Chapter 16 Solutions
Essential University Physics: Volume 1 (3rd Edition)
Ch. 16.1 - Is there (a) no temperature, (b) one temperature,...Ch. 16.2 - A hot rock with mass 250 g is dropped into an...Ch. 16.3 - The figure shows three slabs with the same...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 16.4GICh. 16.4 - A houses thermostat fails, leaving the furnace...Ch. 16 - If system A is not in thermodynamic equilibrium...Ch. 16 - Does a thermometer measure its own temperature or...Ch. 16 - Compare the relative sizes of the kelvin, the...Ch. 16 - If you put a thermometer in direct sunlight, what...Ch. 16 - Why does the temperature in a stone building...
Ch. 16 - Why do large bodies of water exert a...Ch. 16 - A Thermos bottle consists of an evacuated,...Ch. 16 - Stainless-steel cookware often has a layer of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 9FTDCh. 16 - Prob. 10FTDCh. 16 - Glass and fiberglass are made from the same...Ch. 16 - To keep your hands warm while skiing, you should...Ch. 16 - Since Earth is exposed to solar radiation, why...Ch. 16 - Global warming at Earths surface is generally...Ch. 16 - In its 2014 report, the Intergovernmental Panel on...Ch. 16 - A Canadian meteorologist predicts an overnight low...Ch. 16 - Normal room temperature is 68F. Whats this in...Ch. 16 - Prob. 18ECh. 16 - At what temperature do the Fahrenheit and Celsius...Ch. 16 - The normal boiling point of nitrogen is 77.3 K....Ch. 16 - Prob. 21ECh. 16 - Prob. 22ECh. 16 - Prob. 23ECh. 16 - Whats the specific heat of a material if it takes...Ch. 16 - The average human diet contains about 2000 kcal...Ch. 16 - Prob. 26ECh. 16 - You bring a 350-g wrench into the house from your...Ch. 16 - Prob. 28ECh. 16 - Building heat loss in the United States is usually...Ch. 16 - Find the heat-loss rate through a slab of (a) wood...Ch. 16 - The top of a steel wood stove measures 90 cm by 40...Ch. 16 - Youre a builder whos advising a homeowner to have...Ch. 16 - An 8.0 m by 12 m house is built on a concrete slab...Ch. 16 - Find the -factor for a wall that loses 0.040 Btu...Ch. 16 - Compute the -factors for 1-inch thicknesses of...Ch. 16 - A horseshoe has surface area 50 cm2, and a...Ch. 16 - An oven loses energy at the rate of 14 W per C...Ch. 16 - Youre having your homes heating system replaced,...Ch. 16 - The filament of a 100-W lightbulb is at 3.0 kK....Ch. 16 - A typical human body has surface area 1.4 nr and...Ch. 16 - A constant-volume gas thermometer is filled with...Ch. 16 - A constant-volume gas thermometer is at 55-kPa...Ch. 16 - In Fig. 16.2s gas thermometer, the height h is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 44PCh. 16 - Typical fats contain about 9 kcal per gram. If the...Ch. 16 - A circular lake 1.0 km in diameter is 10 m deep...Ch. 16 - How much heat is required to raise an 800-g copper...Ch. 16 - Initially, 100 g of water and 100 g of another...Ch. 16 - Prob. 49PCh. 16 - Two neighbors return from Florida to find their...Ch. 16 - Prob. 51PCh. 16 - Prob. 52PCh. 16 - Prob. 53PCh. 16 - The temperature of the eardrum provides a reliable...Ch. 16 - Prob. 55PCh. 16 - Your young niece complains that her cocoa, at 90C,...Ch. 16 - A piece of copper at 300C is dropped into 1.0 kg...Ch. 16 - While camping, you boil water to make spaghetti....Ch. 16 - A biology labs walk-in cooler measures 3.0 m by...Ch. 16 - One end of an iron rod 40 cm long and 3.0 cm in...Ch. 16 - Prob. 61PCh. 16 - An electric stove burner has surface area 325 cm2...Ch. 16 - An electric current passes through a metal strip...Ch. 16 - Youre considering purchasing a new sleeping bag...Ch. 16 - A blacksmith heats a 1.1-kg iron horseshoe to...Ch. 16 - Whats the power output of a microwave oven that...Ch. 16 - A cylindrical log 15 cm in diameter and 65 cm long...Ch. 16 - A blue giant star whose surface temperature is 23...Ch. 16 - Prob. 69PCh. 16 - A black wood stove with surface area 4.6 nr is...Ch. 16 - Estimate the average temperature on Pluto,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 72PCh. 16 - Prob. 73PCh. 16 - Prob. 74PCh. 16 - Prob. 75PCh. 16 - In a cylindrical pipe where area isnt constant....Ch. 16 - Prob. 77PCh. 16 - Prob. 78PCh. 16 - Prob. 79PCh. 16 - Use the method outlined in Problem 76 to show that...Ch. 16 - A house is at 20C on a winter night when the...Ch. 16 - A more realistic approach to the solar greenhouse...Ch. 16 - Fiberglass is a popular, economical, and fairly...Ch. 16 - Fiberglass is a popular, economical, and fairly...Ch. 16 - Fiberglass is a popular, economical, and fairly...Ch. 16 - Fiberglass is a popular, economical, and fairly...
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- The human body is not perfectly efficient. In fact, only about 20% of the Calories we consume are used for mechanical work (i.e., moving the body around). Estimate how many granola bars (150 Cal per bar) an 85 kg person will burn if they climb vertically up the side of the Empire State Building. height of Empire State Building, h = 443 m unit conversion: 1 Cal = 4184 Joulesarrow_forwardA high jumper of mass 60kg consumes a meal of 3.00 x 10 ³ kcal prior to a jump. If 3.3% of the energy from the food could be converted to gravitational potential energy in a single jump, how high could the athlete jump?arrow_forwardHow many metres can a man weighing 60 kg climb by using the energy from a slice of bread which produces 1,00,000 calories of heat? Efficiency of body is 28%?arrow_forward
- An energetic athlete can use up all the energy from a diet of 4000 Cal/day. If he were to use up this energy at a steady rate, what is the ratio of the rate of energy use compared to that of a 100 W bulb? (The power of 100 W is the rate at which the bulb converts electrical energy to heat and the energy of visible light.)arrow_forwardIf you drop a piece of ice on a hard surface, the energy of impact will melt some of the ice. The higher it drops, the more ice will melt upon impact. Find the height from which the a block of ice should ideally be dropped to completely melt if that falls without air drag. [Hint: Equate the joules of gravitational potential energy to the product of the mass of ice and its heat of fusion (in si units, 335,000 J/kg. Do you see why the answer doesn't depend on mass?] Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units. B: Does the answer depend on mass?arrow_forwardA pound of body fat stores an amount of chemical energy equivalent to 3500 Cal. When sleeping, the average adult burns or expands about 0.45 Cal/h for every pound of body weight. How many calories would a 143lb person burn during 9 hours of sleep? (Note that 1 Cal= 1 kcal.)arrow_forward
- A 120-pound woman working in an office expends about 2.2 3 103 kcal/day,whereas the same woman climbing a mountain needs 3.4 3 103 kcal/day. (a) How many joules per day does the woman expend in each activity? (b) How many seconds are in 1 day? (c) How many joules per second (5 watts) does the woman expend in each activity? (d) Which consumes more power (watts), the office worker or a 100-W light bulb?arrow_forwardOnly about 20% of the Calories we consume are used for mechanical work (i.e., moving the body around). Estimate how many granola bars (150 Cal per bar) an 85 kg person will burn if they climb vertically up theside of the Empire State Building. height of Empire State Building, h = 443 m unit conversion: 1 Cal = 4184 Joulesarrow_forwardCalculate how many kg an 80 kg person who replaces 30 minutes/day will lose in a yearin front of the TV for 30 minutes of brisk walking. Use the following data: Expensecalories during the walk (5 km/h) = 0.063 kcal/kg/minute. Calorie expenditure watching TV = 0.028kcal/kg/min. 1 kg of weight lost is equivalent to about 7000 kcal.arrow_forward
- In an extreme marathon, participants run a total of 100 km; world-class athletes maintain a pace of 15 km/h. How many 230 Calorie energy bars would be required to fuel such a run for a 68 kg athlete?arrow_forwardHow many sprints from rest to a speed of 5.0 m/s would a 65-kg man have to complete to burn off 5.0 x 10^2 Calories? (Assume 100% efficiency in converting food energy to mechanical energy.)arrow_forwardA pound of body fat stores an amount of chemical energy equivalent to 3500 Cal. When sleeping, the average adult burns or expends about 0.45 Cal/h for every pound of body weight. How many Calories would a 169 lb person burn during 10 hours of sleep? (Note that 1 Cal = 1 kcal.)arrow_forward
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