For large concerts, loudspeakers are sometimes used to amplify a singer’s sound. The human brain interprets sounds that arrive within 50 ms of the original sound as if they came from the same source. Thus if the sound from a loudspeaker reaches a listener first, it would sound as if the loudspeaker is the source of the sound. Conversely, if the singer is heard first and the loudspeaker adds to the sound within 50 ms, the sound would seem to come from the singer, who would now seem to be singing louder. The second situation is desired. Because the signal to the loudspeaker travels at the speed of light (3 × 10 8 m/s), which is much faster than the speed of sound, a delay is added to the signal sent to the loudspeaker. How much delay must be added if the loudspeaker is 3.0 m behind the singer and we want its sound to arrive 30 ms after the singer’s?
For large concerts, loudspeakers are sometimes used to amplify a singer’s sound. The human brain interprets sounds that arrive within 50 ms of the original sound as if they came from the same source. Thus if the sound from a loudspeaker reaches a listener first, it would sound as if the loudspeaker is the source of the sound. Conversely, if the singer is heard first and the loudspeaker adds to the sound within 50 ms, the sound would seem to come from the singer, who would now seem to be singing louder. The second situation is desired. Because the signal to the loudspeaker travels at the speed of light (3 × 10 8 m/s), which is much faster than the speed of sound, a delay is added to the signal sent to the loudspeaker. How much delay must be added if the loudspeaker is 3.0 m behind the singer and we want its sound to arrive 30 ms after the singer’s?
For large concerts, loudspeakers are sometimes used to amplify a singer’s sound. The human brain interprets sounds that arrive within 50 ms of the original sound as if they came from the same source. Thus if the sound from a loudspeaker reaches a listener first, it would sound as if the loudspeaker is the source of the sound. Conversely, if the singer is heard first and the loudspeaker adds to the sound within 50 ms, the sound would seem to come from the singer, who would now seem to be singing louder. The second situation is desired. Because the signal to the loudspeaker travels at the speed of light (3 × 108 m/s), which is much faster than the speed of sound, a delay is added to the signal sent to the loudspeaker. How much delay must be added if the loudspeaker is 3.0 m behind the singer and we want its sound to arrive 30 ms after the singer’s?
Definition Definition Rate at which light travels, measured in a vacuum. The speed of light is a universal physical constant used in many areas of physics, most commonly denoted by the letter c . The value of the speed of light c = 299,792,458 m/s, but for most of the calculations, the value of the speed of light is approximated as c = 3 x 10 8 m/s.
Two students hear the same sound and their eardrums receive the same power from the sound wave. The sound intensity at the eardrums of the first student is 0.93 W/m2, while at the eardrums of the second student the sound intensity is 1.16 times greater.
If the diameter of the second student’s eardrum is 1.1 cm, how much acoustic power, in microwatts, is striking each of his (and the other student’s) eardrums?
A sound wave with intensity 2 x 10 -3 W/m2 is perceived to be modestly loud. Your eardrum is 6 mm in diameter. How much energy will be transferred to your eardrum while listening to this sound for 1 minute?
Sound is detected when a sound wave causes the eardrum to vibrate. Typically, the diameter of the eardrum is about 8.0mm in humans. When someone yells to you in a noisy environment, the sound intensity at your ear sometimes approximates 2 x 10-6 W/m2.
Suppose that the 2 x 10-6 W/m2 of sound you are hearing comes from a janitor cleaning a rug by pulling a vacuum cleaner (at the end of a 1-meter-long tube oriented perpendicularly to the line separating you from the janitor). This person is yelling just over the din of the appliance in order to be heard by you.
Estimate the distance between you and the janitor
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