PHYSICS F/SCI.+ENGR.,V.1 (CHAP.1-20)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134378053
Author: GIANCOLI
Publisher: RENT PEARS
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(a) Ear trumpets were never very common, but they did aid people with hearing losses by gathering sound over a large area and concentrating it on the smaller area of the eardrum. What decibel increase does an ear trumpet produce if its sound gathering area is 900 cm2 and the area of the eardrum is 0.500 cm2 , but the trumpet only has an efficiency of 5.00% in transmitting the sound to the eardrum? (b) Comment on the usefulness of the decibel increase found in part (a).
A creature can detect very small objects, such as an insect whose length is approximately equal to one wavelength of the sound the bat makes. If a bat emits chirps at a frequency of 56 kHz, and if the speed of sound in air is 315 m/s,
what is the smallest insect (in mm) the bat can detect?
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A particular person's eardrum is circular, with a diameter of 9.00 mm.
(a)How much sound energy (in J) is delivered to an eardrum in one second, at the threshold of human hearing? (The threshold of human hearing is taken to be 1.00 ✕ 10−12 W/m2.)
J
(b)How much sound energy (in J) is delivered to an eardrum in one second, at the pain threshold for human hearing? (The pain threshold occurs at 1.00 W/m2, one trillion times as intense as the lowest audible level.)
J
(c)Assume that musicians onstage are exposed to sound that is 10 decibels below the human pain threshold. Over the course of a two-hour concert, how much sound energy (in J) does each ear absorb onstage?
J
Chapter 16 Solutions
PHYSICS F/SCI.+ENGR.,V.1 (CHAP.1-20)
Ch. 16.3 - If an increase of 3 dB means twice as intense,...Ch. 16.3 - Trumpet players. A trumpeter plays at a sound...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 1CECh. 16.4 - Prob. 1EECh. 16.7 - Prob. 1FECh. 16.7 - How fast would a source have to approach an...Ch. 16 - What is the evidence that sound travels as a wave?Ch. 16 - What is the evidence that sound is a form of...Ch. 16 - Children sometimes play with a homemade telephone...Ch. 16 - When a sound wave passes from air into water, do...
Ch. 16 - What evidence can you give that the speed of sound...Ch. 16 - The voice of a person who has inhaled helium...Ch. 16 - Two tuning forks oscillate with the same...Ch. 16 - How will the air temperature in a room affect the...Ch. 16 - Explain how a lube might be used as a filler to...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10QCh. 16 - Prob. 11QCh. 16 - A noisy truck approaches you from behind a...Ch. 16 - Traditional methods of protecting the hearing of...Ch. 16 - In Fig. 16-15, if the frequency of the speakers is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 15QCh. 16 - Consider the two waves shown in Fig. 1630. Each...Ch. 16 - Is there a Doppler shift if the source and...Ch. 16 - If a wind is blowing, will this alter the...Ch. 16 - Figure 1631 shows various positions of a child on...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 13MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 14MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 1PCh. 16 - Prob. 2PCh. 16 - Prob. 3PCh. 16 - Prob. 4PCh. 16 - Prob. 5PCh. 16 - Prob. 6PCh. 16 - Prob. 7PCh. 16 - Prob. 8PCh. 16 - (II) Write an expression that describes the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10PCh. 16 - Prob. 11PCh. 16 - Prob. 12PCh. 16 - Prob. 13PCh. 16 - What is the intensity of a sound at the pain level...Ch. 16 - Prob. 15PCh. 16 - Prob. 16PCh. 16 - Prob. 17PCh. 16 - Prob. 18PCh. 16 - A fireworks shell explodes 100m above the ground,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 20PCh. 16 - Prob. 21PCh. 16 - Prob. 22PCh. 16 - Prob. 23PCh. 16 - Prob. 24PCh. 16 - Prob. 25PCh. 16 - Prob. 26PCh. 16 - Prob. 27PCh. 16 - Prob. 28PCh. 16 - Prob. 29PCh. 16 - Prob. 30PCh. 16 - Prob. 31PCh. 16 - Prob. 32PCh. 16 - Prob. 33PCh. 16 - Prob. 34PCh. 16 - Prob. 35PCh. 16 - Prob. 36PCh. 16 - Prob. 37PCh. 16 - (II) A particular organ pipe can resonate at 264...Ch. 16 - Prob. 39PCh. 16 - Prob. 40PCh. 16 - Prob. 41PCh. 16 - Prob. 42PCh. 16 - Prob. 43PCh. 16 - The human car canal is approximately 2.5 cm long....Ch. 16 - Prob. 45PCh. 16 - (II) Approximately what are the intensities of the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 47PCh. 16 - Prob. 48PCh. 16 - Prob. 49PCh. 16 - What is the beat frequency if middle C (262 Hz)...Ch. 16 - Prob. 51PCh. 16 - (II) The two sources of sound in Fig. 1615 face...Ch. 16 - Prob. 53PCh. 16 - Prob. 54PCh. 16 - Prob. 55PCh. 16 - Prob. 56PCh. 16 - Prob. 57PCh. 16 - Prob. 58PCh. 16 - Prob. 59PCh. 16 - Prob. 60PCh. 16 - Prob. 61PCh. 16 - Prob. 62PCh. 16 - Prob. 63PCh. 16 - Prob. 64PCh. 16 - Prob. 65PCh. 16 - Prob. 66PCh. 16 - Prob. 67PCh. 16 - Prob. 68PCh. 16 - Prob. 69PCh. 16 - Prob. 70PCh. 16 - Show that the angle a sonic boom makes with the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 72PCh. 16 - Prob. 73GPCh. 16 - Prob. 74GPCh. 16 - Prob. 75GPCh. 16 - Prob. 76GPCh. 16 - Prob. 77GPCh. 16 - Prob. 78GPCh. 16 - Prob. 79GPCh. 16 - Prob. 80GPCh. 16 - Prob. 81GPCh. 16 - Prob. 82GPCh. 16 - Prob. 83GPCh. 16 - Prob. 84GPCh. 16 - Prob. 85GPCh. 16 - Prob. 86GPCh. 16 - Prob. 87GPCh. 16 - Prob. 88GPCh. 16 - Prob. 89GPCh. 16 - Prob. 90GPCh. 16 - Prob. 91GPCh. 16 - Prob. 92GPCh. 16 - Prob. 93GPCh. 16 - Prob. 94GPCh. 16 - Prob. 95GPCh. 16 - Prob. 96GPCh. 16 - Prob. 97GPCh. 16 - Prob. 98GPCh. 16 - Prob. 99GPCh. 16 - Prob. 100GPCh. 16 - Prob. 101GPCh. 16 - Prob. 102GPCh. 16 - Prob. 103GPCh. 16 - Prob. 104GP
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- A sound wave in air has a pressure amplitude equal to 4.00 103 Pa. Calculate the displacement amplitude of the wave at a frequency of 10.0 kHz.arrow_forwardTable 17.1 shows the speed of sound is typically an order of magnitude larger in solids than in gases. To what can this higher value be most directly attributed? (a) the difference in density between solids and gases (b) the difference in compressibility between solids and gases (c) the limited size of a solid object compared to a free gas (d) the impossibility of holding a gas under significant tensionarrow_forwardA pipe is observed to have a fundamental frequency of 345 Hz. Assume the pipe is filled with air (v = 343 m/s). What is the length of the pipe if the pipe is a. closed at one end and b. open at both ends?arrow_forward
- How many times a minute does a boat bob up and down on ocean waves that have a wavelength of 40.0 m and a propagation speed of 5.00 m/s?arrow_forwardA cable with a linear density of =0.2 kg/m is hung from telephone poles. The tension in the cable is 500.00 N. The distance between poles is 20 meters. The wind blows across the line, causing the cable resonate. A standing waves pattern is produced that has 4.5 wavelengths between the two poles. The air temperature is T=20C . What are the frequency and wavelength of the hum?arrow_forwardPorpoises emit sound waves that they use for navigation. If the wavelength of the sound wave emitted is 4.5 cm, and the speed of sound in the water is v=1530 m/s, what is the period of the sound?arrow_forward
- If the velocity of sound in a solid is of the order 103 m/s, compare the frequency of the sound wave λ = 20 Å for (a) a monoatomic system and (b) acoustic waves and optical waves in a diatomic system containing two identical atoms (M=m) per unit cell of interatomic spacing 2.2 Å.arrow_forward(a) Ear trumpets were never very common, but they did aid people with hearing losses by gathering sound over a large area and concentrating it on the smaller area of the eardrum. What decibel increase does an ear trumpet produce if its sound gathering area is 900 cm2 and the area of theeardrum is 0.500 cm2 , but the trumpet only has an efficiency of 5.00% in transmitting the sound to the eardrum?(b) Comment on the usefulness of the decibel increase found in part (a).arrow_forward(a) An experimenter wishes to generate in air a sound wave that has a displacement amplitude of 6.20 10-6 m. The pressure amplitude is to be limited to0.850 Pa. What is the minimum wavelength the sound wave can have? (Take the equilibrium density of air to be ρ = 1.20 kg/m3 and assume the speed of sound in air is v = 343 m/s.) (b) Calculate the pressure amplitude of a 2.80 kHz sound wave in air, assuming that the displacement amplitude is equal to 2.00 ✕ 10-8 m.[Note: Use the following values, as needed. The equilibrium density of air is ρ = 1.20 kg/m3. The speed of sound in air is v = 343 m/s. Pressure variations ΔP are measured relative to atmospheric pressure, 1.013 ✕ 105 Pa.] (c) Earthquakes at fault lines in Earth's crust create seismic waves, which are longitudinal (P-waves) or transverse (S-waves). The P-waves have a speed of about 9 km/s. Estimate the average bulk modulus of Earth's crust given that the density of rock is about 2500 kg/m3.arrow_forward
- (II) If the amplitude of a sound wave is made 3.5 times greater, (a) by what factor will the intensity increase? (b) By how many dB will the sound level increase?arrow_forward(a) If two sound waves, one in a gas medium and one in a liquid medium, are equal in intensity, what is the ratio of the pressure amplitude of the wave in the liquid to that of the wave in the gas? Assume that the density of the gas is 1.81 kg/m and the density of the liquid is 997 kg/m3. The speed of sound is 319 m/s in the gas medium and 1180 m/s in the liquid. (b) If the pressure amplitudes are equal instead, what is the ratio of the intensities of the waves (of the one in the liquid to that in the gas)? (a) Number Units Units (b) Numberarrow_forward5-7. An airborne plane sound wave of frequency 1881 Hz is incident at an' angle 45° on the calm surface of a freshwater lake. Assume the tempera- ture is 20°C for the water and the air. The sound pressure level (SPL) of the incident sound wave is 100 dB (re 20µPa). What is the SPL of the sound in the water (re 1µPa) 0.1 m below the surface?arrow_forward
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