The depicts the sequence of events in each cylinder of a four-cylinder internal combustion engine. Each piston moves up and down and is connected by a pivoted arm to a rotating crankshaft. Let P(t) and V(t) be the pressure and volume within a cylinder at time t, where
During the intake stroke (from ……………….) a mixture of air and gasoline at atmospheric pressure is drawn into a cylinder through the intake valve as the piston moves downward. Then the piston rapidly compresses the mix with the valves closed in the compression stroke (from…………………) during which the pressure rises and the volume decreases. At …………. The sparkplug ignites the fuel, raising the temperature and pressure at almost constant volume to …………………. Then,
(a) Show that the work done on the piston during one cycle of a four-stroke engine is
[Hint: Let x(t) be the distance from the piston to the top of the cylinder and note that the force on the piston is F = AP(t) I, where A is the area of the top of the piston. Then
(b) Use Formula 16.4.5 to show that the work is the difference of the areas enclosed by the two loops of C.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
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