21st Century Astronomy 6E
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393690675
Author: Laura Kay, Stacy Palen, George Blumenthal
Publisher: W. W. Norton
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Chapter 17, Problem 13QP
To determine
The reason why the Crab Nebula serves as a test of ideas about supernova explosions.
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Which of the following binary star systems cannot exist?
A. A 1 solar-mass main sequence star and a 4 solar mass red giant with a size 100 times smaller than the orbital distance.
B. A 15 solar-mass main sequence star and a 10 solar mass red giant with a size 100 times smaller than the orbital distance.
C. A 1 solar-mass main sequence star and a 4 solar-mass main sequence star.
D. A 2 solar-mass main sequence star and a 1 solar mass red giant with a size a few times smaller than the orbital distance.
The triple-alpha process
a.
controls the pulsations in Cepheid variable stars.
b.
is the nuclear fusion of hydrogen to helium in massive stars.
c.
is the process that produces the neutrinos we receive from the sun.
d.
requires a temperature of about 5,000,000 K to operate.
e.
fuses helium nuclei to make carbon and occurs during helium flash.
Which of the following is wrong?
A. Tidal effects in a binary star system become more important when one or both stars become giant stars.
B. There is no fusion occurring in the core of a low-mass red giant star.
C. Gold (the element) is produced during the supernova explosions of high-mass stars.
D. Suppose the star Betelgeuse were to become a supernova tomorrow, we'd see by naked eyes a cloud of gas expanding away from the position where Betelgeuse used to be. Over a period of a few weeks, this cloud would fill a large part of our sky.
Chapter 17 Solutions
21st Century Astronomy 6E
Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 17.1CYUCh. 17.2 - Prob. 17.2CYUCh. 17.3 - Prob. 17.3CYUCh. 17.4 - Prob. 17.4CYUCh. 17 - Prob. 1QPCh. 17 - Prob. 2QPCh. 17 - Prob. 3QPCh. 17 - Prob. 4QPCh. 17 - Prob. 5QPCh. 17 - Prob. 6QP
Ch. 17 - Prob. 7QPCh. 17 - Prob. 8QPCh. 17 - Prob. 9QPCh. 17 - Prob. 10QPCh. 17 - Prob. 11QPCh. 17 - Prob. 12QPCh. 17 - Prob. 13QPCh. 17 - Prob. 14QPCh. 17 - Prob. 15QPCh. 17 - Prob. 16QPCh. 17 - Prob. 17QPCh. 17 - Prob. 18QPCh. 17 - Prob. 19QPCh. 17 - Prob. 20QPCh. 17 - Prob. 21QPCh. 17 - Prob. 22QPCh. 17 - Prob. 23QPCh. 17 - Prob. 24QPCh. 17 - Prob. 25QPCh. 17 - Prob. 26QPCh. 17 - Prob. 27QPCh. 17 - Prob. 28QPCh. 17 - Prob. 29QPCh. 17 - Prob. 30QPCh. 17 - Prob. 31QPCh. 17 - Prob. 32QPCh. 17 - Prob. 33QPCh. 17 - Prob. 34QPCh. 17 - Prob. 35QPCh. 17 - Prob. 36QPCh. 17 - Prob. 37QPCh. 17 - Prob. 38QPCh. 17 - Prob. 39QPCh. 17 - Prob. 40QPCh. 17 - Prob. 41QPCh. 17 - Prob. 42QPCh. 17 - Prob. 43QPCh. 17 - Prob. 44QPCh. 17 - Prob. 45QP
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- The theory that the collapse of a massive star’s iron core produces neutrinos was supported by a. the size and structure of the Crab nebula. b. laboratory measurements of the mass of the neutrino. c. the brightening of supernovae a few days after they are first visible. d. underground counts from solar neutrinos. e. the detection of neutrinos from the supernova of 1987.arrow_forwardAs a white dwarf cools, its radius will not change because a. pressure resulting from nuclear reactions in a shell just below the surface keeps it from collapsing. b. pressure does not depend on temperature for a white dwarf because the electrons are degenerate. c. pressure does not depend on temperature because the white dwarf is too hot. d. pressure does not depend on temperature because the star has exhausted all its nuclear fuels. e. material accreting onto it from a companion maintains a constant radius.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about novae is not true? A. A nova involves fusion taking place on the surface of a white dwarf. B. A star system that undergoes a nova may have another nova sometime in the future. C. Our Sun will probably undergo at least one nova when it becomes a white dwarf about 5 billion years from now. D. When a star system undergoes a nova, it brightens considerably, but not as much as a star system undergoing a supernova. Is the answer C? Since the sun has no companion star, it cannot gain accreted matter to initiate a nova and so it would not undergo a nova, it would just undergo a type I supernova? Thanks!arrow_forward
- There is a mass–luminosity relation because a. hydrogen fusion produces helium. b. stars expand when they become giants. c. stars support their weight by making energy. d. the helium flash occurs in degenerate matter. e. all stars on the main sequence have about the same radius.arrow_forwardWhy is iron significant to understanding how a supernova occurs? A. Iron is the heaviest of all atomic nuclei, and thus no heavier elements can be made. B. Supernovae often leave behind neutron stars, which are made mostly of iron. C. The fusion of iron into uranium is the reaction that drives a supernova explosion. D. Iron cannot release energy either by fission or fusion.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about various stages of core nuclear burning (hydrogen, helium, carbon, etc.) in a high- mass star is not true? A. As each stage ends, the core shrinks and heats further. B. Each successive stage creates an element with a higher atomic number and atomic mass number. C. As each stage ends, the reactions that occurred in previous stages continue in shells around the core. D.Each successive stage lasts for approximately the same amount of time.arrow_forward
- An explosive, although nondestructive, event on the surface of a white dwarf that is part of a binary system results in a a. planetary nebula. b. type I supernova. c. type II supernova. d. nova.arrow_forwardWhen a mass is transferred through the inner Lagrangian point in a binary system toward a white dwarf, the material forms a rapidly growing whirlpool of material known as a(n) a. accretion disk. b. Lagrangian point. c. Algol paradox. d. planetary nebula. e. supernova remnant.arrow_forward4. Suppose we observe a binary star system in which one star is much more massive than the other and both are on the main sequence. We measure that the smaller star orbits the larger at a distance of 10¹3 m with a speed of 10 m/s. a. What is the mass of the larger star? b. Which star has a higher luminosity? c. Which has a larger radius? d. Which is hotter?arrow_forward
- For a white dwarf to become a nova it is necessary for it to A. become a black hole. B. have begun life as a high-mass star. C. have a binary companion. D.rejoin the main sequence.arrow_forwardHypernovae are thought to be a. a star greater than 20 solar masses collapsing into a black hole. b. binary systems involving mass transferred to a neutron star. c. binary systems involving mass transferred to a white dwarf. d. two main-sequence stars colliding. e. binary systems involving mass transferred to a black hole.arrow_forwardWhy don’t all supernova remnants contain pulsars? a. All supernova remnants do contain pulsars. b. Some supernova explosions form white dwarfs instead of the neutron stars necessary for pulsars. c. Pulsars slow down and quit producing the pulses before the supernova remnant dissipates. d. The pulsar may be tipped so that the beams do not sweep past Earth. e. b and carrow_forward
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