The construction of the map to show the arrangement of genes in a bacterial genome. Introduction: Different strains of high-frequency recombinant bacteria are formed when these undergo conjugation with F- (fertility factor) cells. F factor incorporates at a particular location in the genome of bacteria and while the order of donating genes is such that the gene preceding the F factor appears first and the sequence continues. The number of genes transferred depends on the duration of conjugation. The longer the duration is, the more the genes are transferred. Also, different genes are transferred during different conjugations.

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Chapter 17, Problem 1ITD

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The construction of the map to show the arrangement of genes in a bacterial genome.

Introduction:

Different strains of high-frequency recombinant bacteria are formed when these undergo conjugation with F- (fertility factor) cells. F factor incorporates at a particular location in the genome of bacteria and while the order of donating genes is such that the gene preceding the F factor appears first and the sequence continues.

The number of genes transferred depends on the duration of conjugation. The longer the duration is, the more the genes are transferred. Also, different genes are transferred during different conjugations.

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Austin Taylor and Edward Adelberg isolated some new strains of Hfr cells that they then used to map several genes in E. coli by using interrupted conjugation . In one experiment, they mixed cells of Hfr strain AB-312, which were xyl+ mtl+ mal+ met+ and sensitive to phage T6, with F− strain AB-531, which was xyl− mtl− mal− met− and resistant to phage T6. The cells were allowed to undergo conjugation. At regular intervals, the researchers removed a sample of cells and interrupted conjugation by killing the Hfr cells with phage T6. The F− cells, which were resistant to phage T6, survivedand were then tested for the presence of genes transferred from the Hfr strain. The results of this experiment are shown in the accompanying graph. On the basis of these data, give the order of the xyl, mtl, mal, and met genes on the bacterial chromosome and indicate the minimum distances between them.

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Austin Taylor and Edward Adelberg isolated some new strains of Hfr cells that they then used to map several genes in Escherichia coli by using interrupted conjugation. In one experiment, the researchers mixed cells of Hfr strain AB‑312, which were xyl+ mtl+ mal+ met+ and sensitive to phage T6, with F− strain AB‑531, which was xyl− mtl− mal− met− and resistant to phage T6. The cells were allowed to undergo conjugation. At regular intervals, the researchers removed a sample of cells and interrupted conjugation by killing the Hfr cells with phage T6. The F− cells, which were resistant to phage T6, survived and were then tested for the presence of genes transferred from the Hfr strain. The results of this experiment are shown in the graph. On the basis of these data, give the order of the xyl, mtl, mal, and met genes on the bacterial chromosome and the minimum distances between them in minutes. The origin of transfer is represented by the red triangle. The distances between genes are not…