Sustainable Energy
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781337551663
Author: DUNLAP, Richard A.
Publisher: Cengage,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
error_outline
This textbook solution is under construction.
Students have asked these similar questions
What is the mode if the water consumption of household in cubic meters for 8 months are 12, 24, 15, 12, 16, 24 and 14?
Check my answer, please.
To calculate the savings, we need to first determine reduction in waste- water generation for given 7 million population of Hongkong, only 1 million people in HK using low flush toilet and low shower head/ 1 million leaky toilet and faucet. Assume all use shower.
Conventional Water fixtures
End-Use
Conventional fixtures
Usage pattern
Population
Daily Usage
Toilets
3.5 gal/flush
4 flushes/per/day
6 million
3.5*4*6 = 84 million gallons
Showers
5 gal/min
5 min/shower
6 million
5*5*6 = 150 million gallons
Faucets
4 gal/min
2.5 min/per/day
6 million
4*2.5*6 = 60 million gallons
Leaks
10% of total use
-
-
0.1*(84+150+60) = 29.4 million gallons
Total
323.4 million gallons
Water efficient fixtures
End-Use
Water efficient fixtures
Usage pattern
Population
Daily Usage
Toilets
1.6 gal/flush
4 flushes/per/day
1 million
1.6*4*1 = 6.4 million gallons
Showers
2.5…
In the figure shown below, it is desired to pump 5259705 lit/day of water from a stream to a pool. El. A = 49m while El. B = 98 m. If the combined pump and motor efficiency is 90%, calculate the monthly power cost in pesos if electricity rate is P10 per kW-hr. Assume that the pump operates for 24 hours and take 1 month = 31 days;
Round your answer to 4 decimal places.
Pipe
Length (m)
Diameter (mm)
Hazen Coefficient
1
1997 m
375 mm
120
2
1514 m
240 mm
122
3
902 m
205 mm
149
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, civil-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Q.1: Calculate the average daily consumption for a city of 30000 Capita. The daily consumed water 15000 m3 . Q.2: A community with population of 22000 Capita was average consumption of 600 L/Capita/day and fire dictated by a building of ordinary consumption with floor area of 1000 m2 and height of (6 storeys) plus basement, determine: 1- Fire demand (fire flow demand). 2- Maximum daily demand. 3- Maximum daily demand during fire.arrow_forwardIf a water treatment plant uses 124 chlorine cylinders (cy) during a 30-day period, the average supply from each cylinder is 135 lb. What is the total weight (in lb) of chlorine used in 30 days?arrow_forwardWe have exposed 1 kg of water, 1 kg of brick, and 1 kg of concrete each to a heat source that puts out 100 J every second. Assuming that all of the supplied energy goes to each material and they were all initially at the same temperature, which one of these materials will have a greater temperature rise after 10 s? We can answer this question using Equation as shown . We will first look up the values of the specific heat for water, brick, and concrete, which are cwater = 4180 J⁄kg K, cbrick = 960 J⁄kg K and cconcrete = 880 J⁄kg K . Now applying as shown , Ethermal = mc(Tfinal Tinitial) to each situation, it should be clear that although each material has the same amount of mass and is exposed to the same amount of thermal energy, the concrete will experience a higher temperature rise because it has the lowest heat capacity value among the three given materials.arrow_forward
- Hello, I need some help with this question 1 gallon of oil = 4.1 therm and 1 therm costs $1.40 You realized you had 3,600,000 BTU heat loss over a winter month. (1 therm = 100,000 BTU) How much money has been wasted in heat loss?arrow_forward• 1 million people in Hong Kong using low-flush toilet and low-flow shower head.• 1 million leaky toilet and Faucet. Find1. How much energy we can save?2. How much coal (Kg) we can save?3. How much CO2 we can reduce?4. How many African children (1 liter/kid/day) we can support? Energy needed to treat water1. Average energy use for water treatment drawn from southern California studies is 652 kWh per acre-foot (AF), where one AF = 325,853 gallons. Thermal Energy in Coal2. The thermal power plants consume about 0.45 kg of coal per kWh. Energy output/fire power plant3. A typical 500 megawatt coal power plant produces 3.5 billion kWh per year. CO2 Emission4. Taking coal to contain 50 percent carbon, which combines with oxygen during burning to form CO2, we can arrive at 1.83 kg CO2 for every 1 kg of coal burned.arrow_forward1) Heating the water in a 55-gallon water heater requires about 2.0 x 103 kJ of energy. a) Assume the energy came from natural gas with 80% efficiency; how many grams of natural gas are required? b) Assume the energy came from electricity with 80% efficiency and that the electricity was produced from the combustion of coal with 30% efficiency; how many grams of coal are required? For problem above, calculate how much CO2 in grams is emitted to the atmosphere. For a: Use the balanced equation for the combustion of methane (CH4) to determine how many grams of CO2are produced from the amount of natural gas required. For b: Assume that coal produces 5.25 kJ of energy per gram of CO2 produced. Calculate how much CO2 in grams is produced.arrow_forward
- Replacing incandescent lights with energy-efficient fluorescent lights can reduce the lighting energy consumption to one-fourth of what it was before. The energy consumed by the lamps is eventually converted to heat, and thus switching to energy-efficient lighting also reduces the cooling load in summer but increases the heating load in winter. Consider a building that is heated by a natural gas furnace with an efficiency of 80 percent and cooled by an air conditioner with a COP of 3.5. If electricity costs $0.12/kWh and natural gas costs $1.40/therm (1 therm = 105,500 kJ), determine if efficient lighting will increase or decrease the total energy cost of the building (a) in summer and (b) in winter.arrow_forwardAssume that a residential area has a water pipe leaking continuously at the rate of 1.5 litres/sec. Calculate the total volume of water in million cubic metres that will be lost through leakage during the month of December.arrow_forwardConsider a 400-MW, 32 percent efficient coal-fired power plant that uses cooling water withdrawn from a nearby river (with an upstream flow of 10-m3/s and temperature 20 °C) to take care of waste heat. The heat content of the coal is 8,000 Btu/lb, the carbon content is 60% by mass, and the sulfur content is 2% by mass. How much electricity (in kWh/yr) would the plant produce each year? How many pounds per hour of coal would need to be burned at the plant? Estimate the annual carbon emissions from the plant (in metric tons C/year). If the cooling water is only allowed to rise in temperature by 10 °C, what flow rate (in m3/s) from the stream would be required? What would be the river temperature if all the waste heat was transferred to the river water assuming no heat losses during transfer? Estimate the hourly SO2 emissions (in kg/h) from the plant assuming that all the sulfur is oxidized to SO2 during combustion.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is incorrect? An energy budget can be based on historical data, although this is usually unsatisfactory There is no standard formula for to calculate electricity costs The electricity consumption of air-conditioning can comprise of 80%-90% of the load of a building Economic cycle operation refers to the use of favourable environmental conditionsarrow_forwardThe air inside a hot-air balloon is heated to 72.00 °C (Tinitial) and then cools to 52.00 °C (Tfinal). By what percentage does the volume of the balloon change?arrow_forwardAn air-conditioning unit has a cooling capacity of two tons. If the unit has a rated energy efficiency ratio (EER) of 11, how much electrical energy is consumed by the unit in 1 h? If a power company charges 14 cents per kWh usage, how much would it cost to run the air-conditioning unit for a month (31 days), assuming the unit runs 8 h a day? What is the coefficient of performance (COP) for the given air-conditioning unit?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Engineering Fundamentals: An Introduction to Engi...Civil EngineeringISBN:9781305084766Author:Saeed MoaveniPublisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Fundamentals: An Introduction to Engi...
Civil Engineering
ISBN:9781305084766
Author:Saeed Moaveni
Publisher:Cengage Learning