Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133953982
Author: SERWAY, Raymond A./
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 17, Problem 55AP
(a)
To determine
The distance to an object from which the echo pulse returns after
(b)
To determine
The duration of the emitted pulse.
(c)
To determine
Thespatial length of such a pulse.
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Microbats use echolocation to navigate and hunt. They emit pulses of high frequency sound waves which reflect off obstacles and objects in their surroundings. By detecting the time delay between the emitted pulse and the return of the reflected pulse, a bat can determine the location of the object. Determine the time delay between the sending of a pulse and the return of its reflection from an object located 12.5 m away. Approximate the speed of the sound waves as 345 m/s.
On a 20°C°C night, a bat hovering in the air emits an ultrasonic chirp that has a
frequency of 45 kHzkHz. It hears an echo 60 msms later.
Suppose the object is an insect flying straight away from the bat. What is the
insect's speed if the ultrasonic echo is shifted down in frequency by 750 Hz?
An ultrasonic scan uses the echo waves coming from something moving (such as the beating heart of a fetus) inside the body and the waves that are directly received from the transmitter to form a measurable beat frequency. This allows the speed of the internal structure to be isolated and analyzed. The speed of the ultrasound waves in tissue is about 1540 m/s.
What is the beat frequency ?beats detected when waves with a frequency of 3.80 MHz are used to scan a fetal heartbeat (moving at a speed of ±8.50 cm/s)?
hint that came with it:
In this problem there's a stationary source of ultrasound that reflects sound off of a moving object which then returns back to the ultrasound device to measure the frequency. There are 2 Doppler shifts that need to be considered. First the stationary source and the moving observer. Second, when the sound reflects off, the moving object now becomes the source and the ultrasound device becomes the observer. In this shift, the frequency measured by the…
Chapter 17 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics
Ch. 17.1 - If you blow across the top of an empty soft-drink...Ch. 17.3 - A vibrating guitar string makes very little sound...Ch. 17.3 - Increasing the intensity of a sound by a factor of...Ch. 17.4 - Consider detectors of water waves at three...Ch. 17.4 - You stand on a platform at a train station and...Ch. 17.4 - An airplane flying with a constant velocity moves...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1OQCh. 17 - Prob. 2OQCh. 17 - Prob. 3OQCh. 17 - What happens to a sound wave as it travels from...
Ch. 17 - Prob. 5OQCh. 17 - Prob. 6OQCh. 17 - Prob. 7OQCh. 17 - Prob. 8OQCh. 17 - Prob. 9OQCh. 17 - Prob. 10OQCh. 17 - Prob. 11OQCh. 17 - Prob. 12OQCh. 17 - Prob. 13OQCh. 17 - Prob. 14OQCh. 17 - Prob. 1CQCh. 17 - Prob. 2CQCh. 17 - Prob. 3CQCh. 17 - Prob. 4CQCh. 17 - Prob. 5CQCh. 17 - Prob. 6CQCh. 17 - Prob. 7CQCh. 17 - Prob. 8CQCh. 17 - Prob. 9CQCh. 17 - Prob. 1PCh. 17 - Prob. 2PCh. 17 - Write an expression that describes the pressure...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4PCh. 17 - Prob. 5PCh. 17 - Prob. 6PCh. 17 - Prob. 7PCh. 17 - Prob. 8PCh. 17 - Prob. 9PCh. 17 - Prob. 10PCh. 17 - Prob. 11PCh. 17 - Prob. 12PCh. 17 - Prob. 13PCh. 17 - Prob. 14PCh. 17 - Prob. 15PCh. 17 - Prob. 16PCh. 17 - Prob. 17PCh. 17 - Prob. 18PCh. 17 - Prob. 19PCh. 17 - Prob. 20PCh. 17 - The intensity of a sound wave at a fixed distance...Ch. 17 - Prob. 22PCh. 17 - Prob. 23PCh. 17 - Prob. 24PCh. 17 - The power output of a certain public-address...Ch. 17 - Prob. 26PCh. 17 - Prob. 27PCh. 17 - Prob. 28PCh. 17 - Prob. 29PCh. 17 - Prob. 30PCh. 17 - Prob. 31PCh. 17 - Prob. 32PCh. 17 - Prob. 33PCh. 17 - A fireworks rocket explodes at a height of 100 m...Ch. 17 - Prob. 35PCh. 17 - Prob. 36PCh. 17 - Prob. 37PCh. 17 - Prob. 38PCh. 17 - Prob. 39PCh. 17 - Prob. 40PCh. 17 - Prob. 41PCh. 17 - Prob. 42PCh. 17 - Prob. 43PCh. 17 - Prob. 44PCh. 17 - Prob. 45PCh. 17 - Prob. 46PCh. 17 - Prob. 47PCh. 17 - Prob. 48APCh. 17 - Prob. 49APCh. 17 - Prob. 50APCh. 17 - Prob. 51APCh. 17 - Prob. 52APCh. 17 - Prob. 53APCh. 17 - A train whistle (f = 400 Hz) sounds higher or...Ch. 17 - Prob. 55APCh. 17 - Prob. 56APCh. 17 - Prob. 57APCh. 17 - Prob. 58APCh. 17 - Prob. 59APCh. 17 - Prob. 60APCh. 17 - Prob. 61APCh. 17 - Prob. 62APCh. 17 - Prob. 63APCh. 17 - Prob. 64APCh. 17 - Prob. 65APCh. 17 - Prob. 66APCh. 17 - Prob. 67APCh. 17 - Prob. 68APCh. 17 - Prob. 69APCh. 17 - Prob. 70APCh. 17 - Prob. 71CPCh. 17 - Prob. 72CPCh. 17 - Prob. 73CP
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- The frequency of the siren of an ambulance is 900 Hz and is approaching you. You are standing on a corner and observe a frequency of 960 Hz. What is the speed of the ambulance (in mph) if the speed of sound is v = 340.00 m/s?arrow_forwardThe bat uses its ultrasonic radar instead of sight when flying in the dark. If the bat's own flight speed is 5.9 m / s and another animal flies towards the bat at a speed of 2.0 m / s, what frequency does the bat detect when reflected from the target when the frequency of the sound emitted by the bat is 45.9 kHz? Use a speed of 340 m / s. Give the answer in kilohertz to one decimal place.arrow_forwardThe speed of ultrasound in human body is 1540 m/s. A procedure is performed with a frequency of 2 MHz is used. To monitor the heart rate of a fetus: the maximum speed of a beating heart is 8 cm/s. What is the maximum beat frequency is Hz?arrow_forward
- Horseshoe bats use the Doppler effect to determine their location. A Horseshoe bat flies toward a wall at a speed of 15.0 m/s while emitting a sound of frequency 19.6 kHz. What is the beat frequency between the emission frequency and the echo? The speed of sound at T = 20°C is v = 343 m/s. (See Appendix B Table B.5.)arrow_forwardThere was an accident and NASA engineers are trying to sort out where two of their Mars Rovers (named 'Tango' and 'Foxtrot') have landed. The engineers know that landing site A is much hotter than landing site B. Unfortunately, the only working sensors on Tango and Foxtrot measure the speed of sound. If Tango measures the speed of sound at its landing site as 240 m/s, while Foxtrot measures speed of sound as 258 m/s at its landing site, where has each rover landed? Tango landed at site A while Foxtrot landed at site B. Tango landed at site B while Foxtrot landed at site A. Both Tango and Foxtrot landed at site A. O Both Tango and Foxtrot landed at site B.arrow_forwardFor a sound with intensity I (in watts per square meter), the loudness L(1) of the sound (in decibels) is given by the function L(1) = 10 log- where I, is the intensity of a barely audible sound (about 10–12 watts per square meter). An artist in a recording studio turns up the volume of a track so that the intensity of the sound triples. Which is the expression for increase in loudness? A. increase of loudness = L(31) – L(1) B. increase of loudness = L(31) + L(I) C. increase of loudness = L(1³) – L(1) D. increase of loudness = L(1³) + L(l)arrow_forward
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