Mastering Physics with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780133857955
Author: Richard Wolfson
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 17, Problem 74P
(a)
To determine
The energy needed to melt
(b)
To determine
Greenland’s energy imbalance in watts per square meter of the Greenland ice sheet’s surface area.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
The Greenland ice sheet is thought to affect (or be affected by) climate in the North Atlantic and Europe, and is currently more than 100,000 years old. The sheet is of the order of 2400x1100 km in surface area and 2.5 km deep. If the energy imbalance to the sheet is such that it is getting a net of 250 watts/m2 energy coming in, how long will it take for it to melt? The heat of fusion of water is 334 J/g.
A millennium, 1000 years
The time scale between the beginning of ice ages, or the order of 100,000 years
The duration of civilization as we know it, 10,000 years
About 1 century, 100 years
In the heating seasons the heat loss from a building (and thus the heating cost) is strongly dependent on the difference between the indoor and outdoor temperature. If the average outdoor temperature in a particular city during the heating season is 45 F (7 C), what is the effect on heating cost percentage-wise if the thermostat setting is fixed at 74 F (23.3 F) instead of 68 F (20 C)?
Solar radiation is incident on a 5 m2 solar absorberplate surface at a rate of 800 W/m2. Ninety-three percent ofthe solar radiation is absorbed by the absorber plate, whilethe remaining 7 percent is reflected away. The solar absorberplate has a surface temperature of 40°C with an emissivityof 0.9 that experiences radiation exchange with the surroundingtemperature of -5°C. In addition, convective heat transferoccurs between the absorber plate surface and the ambientair of 20°C with a convection heat transfer coefficient of7 W/m2∙K. Determine the efficiency of the solar absorber,which is defined as the ratio of the usable heat collected bythe absorber to the incident solar radiation on the absorber.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Mastering Physics with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
Ch. 17.1 - If you double the kelvin temperature of a gas,...Ch. 17.2 - You bring a pot of water to boil and then forget...Ch. 17.3 - The figure shows a donut-shaped object. If its...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1FTDCh. 17 - According to the ideal-gas law, what should be the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3FTDCh. 17 - The average speed of the molecules in a gas...Ch. 17 - Suppose you start running while holding a closed...Ch. 17 - Prob. 6FTDCh. 17 - Your roommate claims that ice and snow must be at...
Ch. 17 - Whats the temperature of water just under the ice...Ch. 17 - Ice and water have been together in a glass for a...Ch. 17 - Which takes more heat: melting a gram of ice...Ch. 17 - The atmospheres of relatively low-mass planets...Ch. 17 - The triple point of water defines a precise...Ch. 17 - How is it possible to have boiling water at a...Ch. 17 - How does a pressure cooker work?Ch. 17 - Suppose mercury and glass had the same coefficient...Ch. 17 - A bimetallic strip consists of thin pieces of...Ch. 17 - Marss atmospheric pressure is about 1% that of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 18ECh. 17 - Whats the pressure of an ideal gas if 3.5 mol...Ch. 17 - Prob. 20ECh. 17 - (a) If 2.0 mol of an ideal gas are initially at...Ch. 17 - A pressure of 1010 Pa is readily achievable with...Ch. 17 - Whats the thermal speed of hydrogen molecules at...Ch. 17 - In which gas are the molecules moving faster:...Ch. 17 - How much energy does it take to melt a 65-g ice...Ch. 17 - It takes 200 J to melt an 8.0-g sample of one of...Ch. 17 - If it takes 840 kJ to vaporize a sample of liquid...Ch. 17 - Carbon dioxide sublimes (changes from solid to...Ch. 17 - Find the energy needed to convert 28 kg of liquid...Ch. 17 - A copper wire is 20 m long on a winter day when...Ch. 17 - You have exactly 1 L of ethyl alcohol at room...Ch. 17 - A Pyrex glass marble is 1.00000 cm in diameter at...Ch. 17 - At 0C, the hole in a steel washer is 9.52 mm in...Ch. 17 - Suppose a single piece of welded steel railroad...Ch. 17 - Prob. 35PCh. 17 - Prob. 36PCh. 17 - A compressed air cylinder stands 100 cm tall and...Ch. 17 - Youre a lawyer with an unusual case. A...Ch. 17 - A 3000-mL flask is initially open in a room...Ch. 17 - The recommended treatment for frostbite is rapid...Ch. 17 - A stove burner supplies heat to a pan at the rate...Ch. 17 - If a 1-megaton nuclear bomb were exploded deep in...Ch. 17 - Youre winter camping and are melting snow for...Ch. 17 - Prob. 44PCh. 17 - A refrigerator extracts energy from its contents...Ch. 17 - Climatologists have recently recognized that black...Ch. 17 - Repeat Example 17.4 with an initial ice mass of 50...Ch. 17 - How much energy does it take to melt 10 kg of ice...Ch. 17 - Water is brought to its boiling point and then...Ch. 17 - Prob. 50PCh. 17 - Whats the minimum amount of ice in Example 17.4...Ch. 17 - A bowl contains 16 kg of punch (essentially water)...Ch. 17 - A 50-g ice cube at 10C is placed in an equal mass...Ch. 17 - Prob. 54PCh. 17 - What power is needed to melt 20 kg of ice in 6.0...Ch. 17 - You put 300 g of water at 20C into a 500-W...Ch. 17 - If 4.5 105 kg of emergency cooling water at 10C...Ch. 17 - Describe the composition and temperature of the...Ch. 17 - A glass marble 1.000 cm in diameter is to be...Ch. 17 - Prob. 60PCh. 17 - A steel ball bearing is encased in a Pyrex glass...Ch. 17 - Fuel systems of modern cars are designed so...Ch. 17 - A rod of length L0 is clamped rigidly at both...Ch. 17 - Prob. 64PCh. 17 - A solar-heated house stores energy in 5.0 tons of...Ch. 17 - Show that the coefficient of volume expansion of...Ch. 17 - Waters coefficient of volume expansion in the...Ch. 17 - When the expansion coefficient varies with...Ch. 17 - Ignoring air resistance, find the height from...Ch. 17 - The timekeeping of a grandfather clock is...Ch. 17 - Prob. 71PCh. 17 - Prob. 72PCh. 17 - Figure 17.12 shows an apparatus used to determine...Ch. 17 - Prob. 74PCh. 17 - (a) Show that, for an ideal gas, the speed of...Ch. 17 - The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, plotted in...Ch. 17 - At high gas densities, the van der Waals equation...Ch. 17 - Prob. 78PPCh. 17 - Prob. 79PPCh. 17 - Because some pathogens can survive 120C...Ch. 17 - Prob. 81PP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A 68 kg cyclist is pedaling down the road at 15 km/h, using a total metabolic power of 480 W. A certain fraction of this energy is used to move the bicycle forward, but the balance ends up as thermal energy in his body, which he must get rid of to keep cool. On a very warm day, conduction, convection, and radiation transfer little energy, and so he does this by perspiring, with the evaporation of water taking away the excess thermal energy. To keep from overheating, the cyclist must get rid of the excess thermal energy generated in his body. If he cycles at this rate for 2 hours, how many liters of water must he perspire, to the nearest 0.1 liter?A. 0.4 L B. 0.9 L C. 1.1 L D. 1.4 Larrow_forwardA 68 kg cyclist is pedaling down the road at 15 km/h, using a total metabolic power of 480 W. A certain fraction of this energy is used to move the bicycle forward, but the balance ends up as thermal energy in his body, which he must get rid of to keep cool. On a very warm day, conduction, convection, and radiation transfer little energy, and so he does this by perspiring, with the evaporation of water taking away the excess thermal energy. As he cycles at a constant speed on level ground, at what rate is chemical energy being converted to thermal energy in his body, assuming a typical efficiency of 25% for the conversion of chemical energy to the mechanical energy of motion?A. 480 W B. 360 W C. 240 W D. 120 Warrow_forwardA 68 kg cyclist is pedaling down the road at 15 km/h, using a total metabolic power of 480 W. A certain fraction of this energy is used to move the bicycle forward, but the balance ends up as thermal energy in his body, which he must get rid of to keep cool. On a very warm day, conduction, convection, and radiation transfer little energy, and so he does this by perspiring, with the evaporation of water taking away the excess thermal energy. If the cyclist reaches his 15 km/h cruising speed by rolling down a hill, what is the approximate height of the hill?A. 22 m B. 11 m C. 2 m D. 1 marrow_forward
- According to the USDA, an average, \moderately active" college student needs to eat 2500 calories per day. These \calories" are actually kilocalories, or kcal; and, we prefer to use Joules (J) in geophysics. The conversion is 1 kcal = 4187 J. The average geothermal heat ux is 60 mW/m2. How large an area on Earth's surface releases the same amount of energy in one day as used by the average college student in a day?arrow_forwardA 2-m * 1.5-m section of wall of an industrial furnaceburning natural gas is not insulated, and the temperatureat the outer surface of this section is measured to be 80°C.The temperature of the furnace room is 30°C, and the combinedconvection and radiation heat transfer coefficient at thesurface of the outer furnace is 10 W/m2·K. It is proposed toinsulate this section of the furnace wall with glass wool insulation(k = 0.038 W/m·K) in order to reduce the heat lossby 90 percent. Assuming the outer surface temperature ofthe metal section still remains at about 110°C, determine thethickness of the insulation that needs to be used.The furnace operates continuously and has an efficiency of78 percent. The price of the natural gas is $1.10/therm (1 therm =105,500 kJ of energy content). If the installation of the insulationwill cost $250 for materials and labor, determine how long it willtake for the insulation to pay for itself from the energy it saves.arrow_forwardAssume Lake Superior contains 1.20 ✕ 1013 m3 of water, and assume the water's density is that of water at 20°C and 1 atm. (a) How much energy (in J) is required to raise the temperature of that volume of water from 14.0°C to 21.2°C? J (b) How many years would it take to supply this amount of energy by using a power of 1,400 MW generated by an electric power plant? yrarrow_forward
- A thermopane window consists of two glass panes, each 0.50 cm thick, with a 1.0-cm-thick sealed layer of air in between. (a) If the inside surface temperature is 22.1°C and the outside surface temperature is 0.0°C, determine the rate of energy transfer through 1.55 m2 of the window. ?W(b) Compare your answer to (a) with the rate of energy transfer through 1.55 m2 of a single 1.0-cm-thick pane of glass. Disregard surface air layers. (Find the rate of energy transfer.) ?kWarrow_forwardOn a hot dry day, evaporation from a lake has just enough heat transfer to balance the 1.00 kW/m2 of incoming heat from the Sun. What mass of water evaporates in 1.00 h from each square meter?arrow_forwardIn an industrial process, a fuel-air mixture is fitted with a piston. When the mixture is ignited at a constant pressure of 700mm Hg, 2.0 kJ of energy is released and is found to occupy a final volume of 200L. What would be the initial volume occupied by the mixture if all energy released is converted as work done by the system to push the piston?arrow_forward
- The temperature of the ocean off the coast of New Jersey ranges from about 3 °C in late winter to about 24 °C in late summer. If we assume that the ocean temperature is representative of a layer that is 25 m deep and the only exchange of energy is at the ocean surface, what is the average energy flux at ocean surface that would be required to account for this temperature change?arrow_forwardIf a river having a flow rate of 942 cubic feet per second flows over a waterfall having a height of 14.0 m, what is the total power of converting gravitational potential energy of the water to heat energy?arrow_forwardAn overhead 25 m-long, uninsulated industrial steam pipe of 100 mm diameter is routed through a building whose walls and air are at 25°C. Pressurized steam maintains a pipe surface temperature of 150°C, the coefficient associated with natural convection h= 10 W/m2K and the surface emissivity ℇ = 0.8 What is the rate of heat loss from the steam line? If the steam is generated in a gas-fired boiler operating at an efficiency of ɳf = 0.90 and natural gas fuel is priced at Cg = $0.01 per MJ, what is the annual cost of heat loss from the steam line?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning