Introduction:
The thyroid gland consists of two lobes, and it is the largest (25 g) adult endocrine gland. The isthmus connects the two lobes of the thyroid gland. The thyroid is located at the neck, adjacent to the trachea, and beneath the larynx. It appears like a butterfly shape and covered around the trachea. It is composed of thyroid follicles, which is covered by follicular cells. The follicular cells secrete thyroid hormones (TH) such as triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). The thyroid gland releases TH into the bloodstream. TH regulates appetite, alertness, secretion of growth hormone, body growth, reproduction, and circulatory system. Abnormal secretion of thyroid hormones may cause thyroid problems.
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