MICROECONOMICS>LL PRINT COMPANION<
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ISBN: 9781260517651
Author: McConnell
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Chapter 17.A, Problem 4ARQ
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4 Suppose that a union and a firm operate in an efficient bargaining framework, with equal bargaining powers (so the term for bargaining power in the Nash product equals one). The union is assumed to have a utility function, specified net of its threat point, of the form U = (w − )L. The firm gains satisfaction from profits according to the utility function U(π) = π with the threat point, , equal to zero. (a) Derive the equation for the contract curve. (b) Show that the level of employment is determined independently of the equilibrium value of wages. (c) Show that changes in the degree of bargaining power affect wages but not employment.
Suppose the demand curve for union labor is given by the equation: L = 450 − 3W.Suppose the current wage is $20. Now suppose the union is successful in raising the wage of its members to $28. At the same time, it is able to shift the demand for labor out to: L = 510 − 3W.
a. What was the original employment level? What is the new employment level?
b. Has the higher wage negotiated by the union reduced the employment opportunities of its members? If so, by how much?
c. Who has benefitted and who has lost as a result of this negotiation. Be specific and complete.
3) Suppose that the supply curve for the labour to a firm is given by L = 100W and the marginal expense of labour curve is given by MEL = L/50 where W is the (nominal) market wage. Suppose also that the firm’s demand for labour (marginal revenue product) curve is given by L = 1, 000 − 100MRPL.
a) If the firm acts as a monopsonist, how many workers will it hire in order to maximise profits? What wage will it pay? How will this wage compare to the MRPL at this employment level? b) Assume now that the firm must hire its workers in a perfectly competitive labour market. How many workers will the firm hire now? What wage will it pay?
c) What is the deadweight loss from the labour market for a monopsonist? Graph your results and show the DW L
Chapter 17 Solutions
MICROECONOMICS>LL PRINT COMPANION<
Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.3 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.3 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.3 - Prob. 4QQCh. 17.A - Prob. 1ADQCh. 17.A - Prob. 2ADQCh. 17.A - Prob. 3ADQCh. 17.A - Prob. 4ADQCh. 17.A - Prob. 1ARQCh. 17.A - Prob. 2ARQ
Ch. 17.A - Prob. 3ARQCh. 17.A - Prob. 4ARQCh. 17.A - Prob. 1APCh. 17.A - Prob. 2APCh. 17 - Prob. 1DQCh. 17 - Prob. 2DQCh. 17 - Prob. 3DQCh. 17 - Prob. 4DQCh. 17 - Prob. 5DQCh. 17 - Prob. 6DQCh. 17 - Prob. 7DQCh. 17 - Prob. 8DQCh. 17 - Prob. 9DQCh. 17 - Prob. 10DQCh. 17 - Prob. 1RQCh. 17 - Prob. 2RQCh. 17 - Prob. 3RQCh. 17 - Prob. 4RQCh. 17 - Prob. 5RQCh. 17 - Prob. 6RQCh. 17 - Prob. 7RQCh. 17 - Prob. 1PCh. 17 - Prob. 2PCh. 17 - Prob. 3PCh. 17 - Prob. 4PCh. 17 - Prob. 5P
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- Suppose the economy consists of a union and a nonunion sector. The labor demand curve in each sector is given by L = 1,000,000 - 20w. The total (economywide) supply of labor is 1,000,000, and it does not depend upon the wage. All workers are equally skilled and equally suited for work in either sector. A monopoly union sets the wage at $30,000 in the union sector. What is the union wage gap? What is the effect of the union on the wage in the nonunion sector?arrow_forwardComplete the following labor supply table for a firm hiring labor competitively: LO17.2 Show graphically the labor supply and marginal resource (labor) cost curves for this firm. Are the curves the same or different? If they are different, which one is higher? Plot the labor demand data of review question 2 in Chapter 16 on the graph used in part a above. What are the equilibrium wage rate and level of employment?arrow_forwardHow to calculate the percentage of decline in national income resulting from misallocation of labor in a model of monopoly unionism? And how to discuss the both unions and firms can be better off if they move off the demand curve? Give some example of derive the contract curve. What is the difference between efficient contracts and strongly efficient contracts ? Discuss the application of Hicks Paradox. What is the labor strike and how does it affect the business of the firm? Identify and explain the different catergoties of labor strike.arrow_forward
- Would you expect the presence of labor unions to lead to higher or lower pay for worker-members? Would you expect a higher or lower quantity of workers hired by those employers? Explain briefly.arrow_forwardConsider an economy that consists of a union and non-union sector. The labour demand in each sector is given by: E=600-25W The total supply of labour is 700 workers, and it does not depend upon the wage. Labour and jobs are homogeneous in both sectors. What is the market-clearing wage if both sectors are competitive? How many workers are employed in both sectors? Suppose a monopoly union sets the wage at the union sector at £12. How many workers will be employed in the union and nonunion sectors? What wage will the workers in nonunion sector receive? What is the union wage gap in part (b)? What would the union wage effect be if one controlled for the spillover effect?arrow_forwardConsider a small landscaping company run by Mr. Viemeister. He is considering increasing his firm’s capacity. If he adds one more worker, the firm’s total monthly revenue will increase from $50,000 to $58,000. If he adds one more tractor, monthly revenue will increase from $50,000 to $62,000. Each additional worker costs $4,000 per month, while an additional tractor would also cost $4,000 per month. LO16.5 a. What is the marginal product of labor? The marginal product of capital? b. What is the ratio of the marginal product of labor to the price of labor (MPL/PL)? What is the ratio of the marginal product of capital to the price of capital (MPK/PK)? c. Is the firm using the least-costly combination of inputs? d. Does adding an additional worker or adding an additional tractor yield a larger increase in total revenue for each dollar spent?arrow_forward
- . Suppose that a car dealership wishes to see if efficiency wages will help improve its salespeople’s productivity. Currently, each salesperson sells an average of one car per day while being paid $20 per hour for an eight-hour day. LO17.8 What is the current labor cost per car sold? Suppose that when the dealer raises the price of labor to $30 per hour the average number of cars sold by a salesperson increases to two per day. What is now the labor cost per car sold? By how much is it higher or lower than it was before? Has the efficiency of labor expenditures by the firm (cars sold per dollar of wages paid to salespeople) increased or decreased? Suppose that if the wage is raised a second time to $40 per hour the number of cars sold rises to an average of 2.5 per day. What is now the labor cost per car sold? If the firm’s goal is to maximize the efficiency of its labor expenditures, which of the three hourly salary rates should it use: $20 per hour, $30 per hour, or $40 per hour?…arrow_forwardAssume a monopsonistic employer is paying a wage rate of Wm and hiring Qm workers, as indicated in Figure 13.8. Now suppose an industrial union is formed that forces the employer to accept a wage rate of Wc. Explain verbally and graphically why in this instance the higher wage rate will be accompanied by an increase in the number of workers hired .arrow_forwardSuppose that low-skilled workers employed in clearing woodland can each clear one acre per month if each is equipped with a shovel, a machete, and a chainsaw. Clearing one acre brings in $1,000 in revenue. Each worker’s equipment costs the worker’s employer $150 per month to rent and each worker toils 40 hours per week for four weeks each month. LO17.6 Now consider the employer’s total costs. These include the equipment costs as well as a normal profit of $50 per acre. If the firm pays workers the minimum wage of $6.20 per hour, what will the firm’s economic profit or loss be per acre? At what value would the minimum wage have to be set so that the firm would make zero economic profit from employing an additional low-skilled worker to clear woodland?arrow_forward
- Assume that the productivity of farm labour depends on daily caloric intake, similarly to that depicted in Figure17.4. Using this kind of diagram, compare the efficiency wages that would apply to the following two types of workers: • A landless labourer • A labourer with small plot of land on which he grows staple crops Describe the likely equilibrium unemployment rates and wage rates for landless labourers and small landholders. Judging partially on the basis of this example, what sorts of data and what empirical strategies might you use to see whether nutritional efficiency wages were an important element in the rural labour markets of poor, rural economies?arrow_forwardSuppose a coal mine's workers can dig two tons of coal per hour and coal sells for $15 per ton. If the coal mine is the only hirer of miners in a local area and faces a labor supply curve of the form: l = 50w. What is the equilibrium level of employment? What is the wage paid to minors?arrow_forwardSuppose that there are two sectors in the economy : a unionized and a non - unionized one . The labor demand function in each sector is L = 500,000-25w . There are 500,000 people avail able to supply their labor and their decision doesn't depend on the wage . People in both sec tors are equally skilled and experienced for the job in either sector . Assume that the union sets a wage at the rate of $ 15,000 in the union sector . Hint : for these questions below , use posted textbook solutions file for the end - of - the chapter 10 exercises . 6a). Suppose that each sector decides to hire 50 % of the people available to work and supplying their labor . Calculate what the competitive market wage would be in this case . Show your calcu lations . Answer : 6b) . Calculate how many people will the unionized sector be able to employ at most . Show your calculations . Answer :arrow_forward
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