BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS&INVEST. (LL)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781264706983
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 18, Problem 1WIO
Explain why evolutionary biologists are interested in choanoflagellates, green algae, and organisms with mitochondria whose genomes resemble those of bacteria.
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Does the following phylogenetic tree provide evidence to support or refute the endosymbiosis
hypothesis? Briefly explain your choice (1-2 sentences)
Bacteria
a-Proteobacteria
Mitochondria
Archaea
Eukarya
Excavata
Discicristata
Alveolata
Stramenopila
Rhizaria
Plantae
Opisthokonta
Amoebozoa
make a drawing of a phylogenetic tree that contains all 3 domains of life. The tree should include at least
three different animals, two plants, chemoheterotrophic bacteria, photoautotrophic bacteria,
chemoheterotrophic archaea, thermophilic archaea and fungi. Identify both primary endosymbiosis events
on the tree and draw a line to connect it to the organism that would become the future organelle.
Describe the features of mitochondria and chloroplasts that support the endosymbiotic theory.
Chapter 18 Solutions
BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS&INVEST. (LL)
Ch. 18.1 - What features define the protists?Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 18.1 - Why are evolutionary biologists interested in...Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 18.2 - Prob. 2MCCh. 18.2 - List and describe the characteristics of the major...Ch. 18.3 - What mode of nutrition do the slime molds and...Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 18.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 18.4 - Prob. 1MC
Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 2MCCh. 18.4 - List three diseases caused by flagellated...Ch. 18.4 - Compare and contrast amoebae, foraminiferans, and...Ch. 18.4 - How do ciliates move and eat?Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 6MCCh. 18.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 18.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 18.6 - Use the food chain in figure 18.21a to explain why...Ch. 18.6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 18 - Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of...Ch. 18 - Suppose you are studying a protist under a...Ch. 18 - Some protist lineages arose from secondary...Ch. 18 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 18 - Why are DNA sequences useful in the classification...Ch. 18 - Explain why evolutionary biologists are interested...Ch. 18 - The amoeba Pelomyxa palustris is a single-celled...Ch. 18 - How is it adaptive for a red alga to have pigments...Ch. 18 - How are kelp similar to trees? How are they...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5WIOCh. 18 - Prob. 6WIOCh. 18 - Prob. 7WIOCh. 18 - Suppose someone hands you a microscope and a...Ch. 18 - Review the Survey the Landscape figure in the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2PITCh. 18 - Molecular data have changed protist...
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- This chapter shows a phylogenetic tree for the three domains of life, which is based on DNA sequence data for rRNA and other genes. Which of the following answers concerning the phylogenetic relationships found within this tree is incorrect? View Available Hint(s)for Part A Euryarcheotes are found in the Archaea Diatoms, Tubulinids, and Euglenozoans belong to the domain Eukarya Forams, Fungi, and Chlamydias belong to the domain Eukarya. Spirochetes belong to the domain Bacteria Ciliates, Red Algae, and Plants belong to the domain Eukarya.arrow_forwardList three sources of evidence that support theendosymbiotic theory of organelle evolution.arrow_forwardA) A major difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells Group of answer choices exhibit little if any compartmentalization of function are generally smaller than prokaryotic cells have a large degree of internal organization lack organelles have little if any internal organization B) Which of the following statements about protists is false? Group of answer choices Some protists are mixotrophic Certain protists share a common ancestor with land plants Some protists are photosynthetic prokaryotes which are similar to the ancestral chloroplast Protists are a polyphyletic group of organisms that often bear little resemblance to each other Although most protists are unicellular, some protists are multicellular as wellarrow_forward
- Provide a substantial theory regarding how eukaryoticcells originated and how multicellularity came to be.arrow_forwardThe extra energy required for the evolution of the highly complex eukaryotic cell was possible because: a) mesosomes released enzymes into the nucleus b) two types of prokaryotic bacteria became endo symbiotic invaders of the complex cells c) the DNA of the eukaryote cell functions within the nucleoid area d) chloroplasts were able to use O2 to conduct photosynthesis e) the space between the two layers of the nuclear membrane contained mitochondriaarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about eukaryotes is correct? - Eukaryotes are life forms that possess a nucleus in the cells. - Some cellular features, such as endoplasmic reticulum, is uniquely eukaryotic and is not shared with either bacteria or archaea. - It has been hypothesized that the first eukaryotic cell is a chimera between a bacterium and an archaeon. - During phylogenetic reconstruction, it is often found that eukaryotic genes that are responsible for information processing are more closely related to corresponding archaeal genes than to bacterial genes. - All of the abovearrow_forward
- Draw a simple cladogram illustrating the relationships among the following: Common ancestor of all organisms, domain Eukarya, domain Bacteria, domain Archaea. To which domain do the organisms informally known as protists belong? To which domain do you belong?arrow_forwardThe universal phylogenetic tree of life shows the divergence of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Studies of Lokiarchaeota help to elucidate these relationships, but the first universal tree of life was constructed by Carl Woese using ribosomal RNA sequences. There are advantages to using different types of nucleic acid for different types of analyses. What is a specific advantage of using small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences for phylogenetic analysis compared with DNA sequences? ▸ View Available Hint(s) SSU rRNA sequences accumulate mutations more rapidly than protein-encoding DNA. SSU rRNA is frequently transferred through horizontal gene transfer, whereas DNA sequences are not. Primers are required in DNA sequence analysis, but not for SSU rRNA sequence analysis. Although PCR products can be visualized with SSU rRNA, this is not the case with other forms of nucleic acids. DNA sequences are too highly conserved to work well for sequence analysis; individual species are…arrow_forwardIs protist dna in a nucleus unicellular or multicellular?According to the phylogeny presented in this chapter which protists are in the same eukaryotic supergroup as plants a) green algae b) dinoflagellates c) red algaed both a and c in a lifecycle with alternation of generations multicellular haploid forms alternate with a unicellular haploid forms b unicellular diploid formsc multicellular haploid forms d) multicellular diploid formsarrow_forward
- Protists are(a) single-celled eukaryotes.(b) multicellular eukaryotes.(c) single-celled prokaryotes.(d) single-celled akaryote. Please try to break the solutions into as many steps as practically possible and the steps should come one by one and they should be short and crisp and plagiarism-free.arrow_forwardGive explanation Which of the following statements is TRUE based on the phylogenetic tree shown? a) Bacteria and archaea are equally related to to eukarya b) Plants and ciliates are more closely related than plants and animals c) Green sulfur bacterial are more closely related to archaea than the Thermotogales d) Methanosarcina and Haloarchaea are equally related to Methanococcus e) Flavobacteria are the last common ancestor between bacteria and eukaryaarrow_forwardExcept for the Plantae, what best describes the origin of chloroplasts in most other eukaryotes? Group of answer choices Chloroplasts evolved independently in different lineages Primary endosymbiosis An amoeboid protist engulfed another protist that had chloroplasts in its tissues Mitochondria were converted to perform photosynthetic functions Eukaryotes outside the Plantae don’t have chloroplastsarrow_forward
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Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License