General Physics, 2nd Edition
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780471522782
Author: Morton M. Sternheim
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 18, Problem 20E
(a)
To determine
The equilibrium potential.
(b)
To determine
The direction of flow and greater flow.
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Students have asked these similar questions
What is the magnitude of the electric field across an axon membrane 1.2×10−8 m thick if the resting potential is -70 mV ?
Calculate the capacitance of the myelinated neuron membrane (axon), if its thickness is 0.8 micrometres (um) using a value of area of 10-6 m2. The membrane wall is mainly lipids and you will need to find the value of the permittivity in your notes.
Give your answer in picoFarads (10-12 F)
NB 1um = 10-6 m
If the distance between the two sides of the phospholipid bilayer were to increase by 4-fold, what would happen to the capacitance of the membrane?
Increase 4-fold
Increase 8-fold
It would be 1/4
It would be 1/8
Chapter 18 Solutions
General Physics, 2nd Edition
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1RQCh. 18 - Prob. 2RQCh. 18 - Prob. 3RQCh. 18 - Prob. 4RQCh. 18 - Prob. 5RQCh. 18 - Prob. 6RQCh. 18 - Prob. 7RQCh. 18 - Prob. 8RQCh. 18 - Prob. 9RQCh. 18 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1ECh. 18 - Prob. 2ECh. 18 - Prob. 3ECh. 18 - Prob. 4ECh. 18 - Prob. 5ECh. 18 - Prob. 6ECh. 18 - Prob. 7ECh. 18 - Prob. 8ECh. 18 - Prob. 9ECh. 18 - Prob. 10ECh. 18 - Prob. 11ECh. 18 - Prob. 12ECh. 18 - Prob. 13ECh. 18 - Prob. 14ECh. 18 - Prob. 15ECh. 18 - Prob. 16ECh. 18 - Prob. 17ECh. 18 - Prob. 18ECh. 18 - Prob. 20ECh. 18 - Prob. 21ECh. 18 - Prob. 24ECh. 18 - Prob. 25ECh. 18 - Prob. 26E
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- Suppose a biological membrane with a specific capacitance of 1 μF/cm^2 has a resting surface charge density of 0.1 μC/cm^2. Also suppose there are 50 sodium channels per μm^2 and thatwhen each opens for 1 ms, 1000 Na+ ions flow through the channel, resulting in a reduction of the potential difference (the membrane voltage). Compare this membrane’s resting potentialvoltage to the membrane voltage 1 ms after 10% of these channels open, assuming no other changes occur during this time.arrow_forwardWhat is voltage at terminal AB?arrow_forwardAssume a length of axon membrane of about 0.10 m is excited by an action potential (length excited = nerve speed × pulse duration = 50.0 m/s × 0.0020 s = 0.10 m). In the resting state, the outer surface of the axon wall is charged positively with K+ ions and the inner wall has an equal and opposite charge of negative organic ions, as shown in the figure below. Model the axon as a parallel-plate capacitor and take C = ??0A/d and Q = CΔV to investigate the charge as follows. Use typical values for a cylindrical axon of cell wall thickness d = 1.1 ✕ 10−8 m, axon radius r = 2.0 ✕ 101 ?m, and cell-wall dielectric constant ? = 2.7. A diagram shows a collection of positive and negative charges in and around an axon. The diagram is divided into three sections, one on top of the other. The top section is labeled "External fluid". A row of positive charges labeled "Positive charge layer" lies along the bottom side of this section. Above the row of positive charges, there is an even mixture of…arrow_forward
- A certain single ion channel is selectively permeable to K+ and has a resistance of 1.15 GΩ , therefore a current of potassium ions through the channel is possible. During an experiment, the channel is open for approximately 1.50 ms while the voltage across the channel is maintained at 89.5 mV. How many K+ ions, ?, travel through the channel during this time?arrow_forwardBy using spherical electrodes with the diameter D=50cm, the following breakdown voltages are measured at 18°C air temperature and 770mmHg pressure. a) If gap is equal to 7.4cm, calculate the breakdown voltage at normal conditions (20°C, 760mmHg). b) Calculate the real breakdown voltage for 1% relative measurement error (T=18°C, P=770mmHg). c) Calculate the capacitance of the electrode system with the diameter D=50cm and the gap a=7.4cm. What is the value of the resistance (R) which leads minimum 1% relative error (H) during the measurement of breakdown voltage? Çapı D=50cm olan küresel elektrotlar kullanarak 18°C sıcaklıkta ve 770mmHg hava basıncında tabloda verilen delinme gerilimleri ölçülmüştür. a) Elektrot açıklığı 7.4cm ise normal şartlar altında (20°C, 760mmHg) delinme gerilimini hesaplayınız. b) Gerçek delinme gerilimini %1 bağıl hata için hesaplayınız (T=18°C, P=770mmHg). c) D=50cm çap ve a=7.4cm elektrot açıklığına sahip elektrot sistemi için kapasite değerini…arrow_forwardA current of 0.300 A through your chest can send your heart into fibrillation, ruining the normal rhythm of heart beat and disrupting the flow of blood (and thus oxygen) to your brain. If that current persists for 1.39 min, how many conduction electrons pass through your heart?arrow_forward
- What is the resistance of a 2.0 - mm long axon?arrow_forwardA spruce tree is 20 m tall with a trunk diameter of 0.4 m. Its needles have a measured water potential of –2.5 MPa, while the roots have a measured water potential of –1.2 MPa. Hydraulic conductivity through the stems is 7×10–8m3s/kg. What is the transpiration rate of the tree (in g H2O/s), assuming that 1.5% of the stem cross sectional area contains water-conducting vessels? Hints: 1 MPa = 106kg/(m·s2); water density = 1 g/cm3 Start by using the flow equation (p. 104 CMV textbook) to calculate the rate of water movement in m s-1 Multiply the rate by the cross-sectional area of water-conducting vesselsarrow_forward21) A)he pn junction capacitance C is A) proportional to the charge space width B) not depend on the charge space region C) inversely proportional to the charge space width D)none of thesedo B)At room temperature a semiconductor material is A) Conductor B) Slightly conducting C) Perfect conductorco D)Perfect insulatorarrow_forward
- (II) A neuron is stimulated with an electric pulse. The actionpotential is detected at a point 3.70 cm down the axon0.0052 s later. When the action potential is detected 7.20 cmfrom the point of stimulation, the time required is 0.0063 s.What is the speed of the electric pulse along the axon? (Whyare two measurements needed instead of only one?)arrow_forwardWhat explains the difference in energy delivery when the rate of discharge changes in a battery? For example, a lithium coin battery has a rated capacity of 240 mAh and a voltage cutoff of 1.6V. If we compare two rate of dischange, 3 mA vs. 0.5 mA, the difference in energy delivery is 0.1Wh.arrow_forwardConsider the model of the axon as a capacitor from Figure P18.43. (a) How much energy doesit take to restore the inner wall of the axon to -7.0 x 10-2 V,starting from +3.0 x 10-2 V? (b) Find the average current inthe axon wall during this process.arrow_forward
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