(a)
To discuss:
The condition from which the patient is suffering also determines the likely causative agent of this condition.
Case summary:
A farmer who works on a piece of machinery gets injured by a sharp blade covered in mud slices through his upper arm. The farmer tries to control the bleeding and immediately seeks medical care. After three days, his arm becomes swollen and painful and fever develops. After removing the bandages, he observes that the wound has become blackened and bloody fluid leaking out of it. Microscopic analysis of fluid shows the presence of gram-positive bacilli.
(b).
To explain:
The process by which the patient contracted this pathogenic microbe and also determines the virulence factors that contributed to the pathogenesis at the wound site.
Case summary:
A farmer who works on a piece of machinery gets injured by a sharp blade covered in mud slices through his upper arm. The farmer tries to control the bleeding and immediately seeks medical care. After three days, his arm becomes swollen and painful and fever develops. After removing the bandages, he observes that the wound has become blackened and bloody fluid leaking out of it. Microscopic analysis of fluid shows the presence of gram-positive bacilli.
(c).
To explain:
The treatment involved in hyperbaric therapy and the process by which it can be therapeutic to the patient.
Case summary:
A farmer who works on a piece of machinery gets injured by a sharp blade covered in mud slices through his upper arm. The farmer tries to control the bleeding and immediately seeks medical care. After three days, his arm becomes swollen and painful and fever develops. After removing the bandages, he observes that the wound has become blackened and bloody fluid leaking out of it. Microscopic analysis of fluid shows the presence of gram-positive bacilli.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
MICROBIOLOGY - CONNECT ACCESS
- A 65 year old patient undergoes a hernia repair surgery. He receives a polypropylene mesh implant that prevents hernia recurrence. The healing goes well, but four weeks after the surgery he develops fever and sense of discomfort at the surgery site. On a physical examination, there is skin redness and fluctuating mass (palpable mass filled with fluid) around the incision. The doctor suspects that mesh got infected and plans mesh removal surgery. 1) Describe the sequence of local events during wound healing after the implantation of the mesh. For each of the stages of the wound healing process, specify cells that are involved, their role(s), signal molecules that are involved, and their roles. 2) Which pathogen most likely caused the infection? 3) After initiation of antibiotic treatment, the symptoms are resolved in two days and the patient stops taking antibiotic against the doctor's advise. Two weeks later, the mesh is removed and analyzed. It is found that a small area of the mesh…arrow_forwardInvading microbes can be imprisoned by a ______________. Question options: blood clot cytochrome hemolysin histamine siderophore tautomer Which of the following statements is FALSE? Question options: acute inflammation develops fairly quickly chronic inflammation is harmful the permeability of small veins in an inflamed area increases the warmth in an inflamed area is a result of additional heat transported to the area by blood vasodilation increases blood flow to an area during an inflammatory response all these statements are TRUEarrow_forwardThe physician ordered erythromycin 500 mg IV every 8 hours for infection. The pharmacy sends a vial labeled: Erythromycin 1 g. The nursing drug reference provides information to reconstitute 1 g of erythromycin with 20 mL of sterile water and further dilute in 250 mL of 0.9% NS and to infuse over 2 hours. How many ml will you draw from the vial after reconstitution and add it to the IV bag of 0.9% NS 250 mL? 20 mL 5 mL 15 mL 10 mL Page 10 of 14 Previous Page Next Pagearrow_forward
- A patient in ICU with an indwelling medical device is presenting with invasive infection symptoms, specifically fever and chills. They have been on a course of antibiotics that has not alleviated the condition. a) What type of organism do you suspect is causing the infection and why?arrow_forwardA 65 year old patient undergoes a hernia repair surgery. He receives a polypropylene mesh implant that prevents hernia recurrence. The healing goes well, but four weeks after the surgery he develops fever and sense of discomfort at the surgery site. On a physical examination, there is skin redness and fluctuating mass (palpable mass filled with fluid) around the incision. The doctor suspects that mesh got infected and plans mesh removal surgery. 1) Describe the sequence of local events during wound healing after the implantation of the mesh. For each of the stages of the wound healing process, specify cells that are involved, their role(s), signal molecules that are involved, and their roles.arrow_forwardGive a disease-causing pathogen or microbe and answer the following questions. 1. What is the name of the pathogen causing the disease? 2. What disease does the pathogen cause? 3. How is disease transmitted? 4. What are the symptoms of the disease? 5. How long does it last for? 6. Can the disease be treated? 7. Is there a vaccine for the disease?arrow_forward
- Explanation on why the answer is B) Complete blood count (CBC) (hematology) and not D) Blood cultures (microbiology)? Thank you An 87-year-old woman with dementia lives in a nursing facility. A nurse notices that she has been coughing frequently and seems warm to the touch. She performs an evaluation on the woman and confirms a fever with a dry cough. She also notices that her throat seems inflamed and irritated. The woman is unable to answer questions about how she has been feeling lately to provide a history for the nurse. The nurse ensures that the woman is comfortable and returns to the nursing station to review that patient’s chart. The nurse finds that within the year that the patient has been in the nursing facility, she has had two respiratory infections diagnosed as pneumonia. The nurse calls the physician, worried that the patient may be developing pneumonia again. 1). Pneumonia is an infection of the lung that can be caused by a virus, bacteria, or fungi. What initial…arrow_forwardYou observe a blood agar plate and see a clear/transparent area where the bacteria have been inoculated. With this information what are some possible outcomes if someone was infected with this type of bacteria? Please explain.arrow_forward39 year old female had a sebaceous cyst on her right upper back.the cyst was infiltrated with 1/2% xylocaine with epinephrine for local anesthesia. an elliptical incision made and excision of 6cm was made. cyst was freed from tissue the wound closed with 3-0 vicryl stitches. what is the ice-10-cm, cpt, apc codes and why? explain well and type answer'arrow_forward
- 4. Figure 1 (see next page) depicts the timeline of Sammy's chlamydia infection. Each panel of the figure represents a blood sample, showing a stain of the chlamydia bacteria. The red dots indicate the initial chlamydia bacteria, and the yellow dots indicate the mutated chlamydia bacteria. Provide detailed captions for the images under the titles, specifically indicating how the bacteria population changed over time. "The Fight Against Bacteria" by Jessie M. Garcia Page 3 NATIONAL CENTER FOR CASE STUDY TEACHING IN SCIENCE Figure 1a. Initial chlamydia infection. Figure 1b. Three days into the doxycycline treatment. Figure 1c. Sammy stops taking her antibiotic pills. Figure 1d. One week after the doxycycline treatment. Figure 1e. Two weeks after the doxycycline treatment.arrow_forwardThe presence of Aspergillus flavus in an immunocompromised patient is cause for great concern for the medical team. What term is used for an infection caused by a pathogen which affects patients who are already weakened, but not healthy persons ?arrow_forwardA 73-year-old, previously healthy man had spent the previous summer on Martha’s Vineyard. On returning to his home in Boston after Labor Day, he began to feel unusually tired and had difficulty breathing. He also reported that his urine had become dark brown several days after returning home. On physical examination, the patient was found to be jaundiced, and he had an enlarged spleen. A complete blood count, urinalysis, and blood chemistries were ordered. His total white blood cell count was normal, but he had an increased percentage of segmented neutrophils. His hemoglobin and hematocrit values and platelet count were all below the normal reference range. He had hematuria and proteinuria. His liver function test results were greatly elevated. His renal function assays were also elevated. A follow-up Wright-stained peripheral blood smear revealed numerous B. microti organisms. The patient was treated with quinine and the antibiotics clindamycin and doxycycline. He also received 2…arrow_forward