FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRONOMY (LL)-W/MINDTAP
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780357000502
Author: Seeds
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Textbook Question
Chapter 18, Problem 7P
You analyze a sample of a meteorite that landed on Earth and find 15/16 of a certain type of radioactive atoms have decayed into the corresponding daughter atom. Calculate the number of half-lives that have occurred.
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You analyze a sample of a meteorite that landed on Earth and find that
15
16
of a certain type of radioactive atoms have decayed into the corresponding daughter atom. Calculate the number of half-lives that have occurred.
half-lives
A sample from a meteorite that landed on Earth has been analyzed, and the results shows that out of every 1,000 nuclei of potassium- 40 originally in the meteorite, only 125 are still present, meaning they have no yet decayed. How old is the meteorite (in yr)? (Hint: see the figure below) (Note: The half life of potassium- 40 is 1.3 billion years.)
_______ yr
A sample from a meteorite that landed on Earth has been analyzed, and the result shows that out of every 1,000 nuclei of potassium-40 originally in the meteorite, only 125 are
still present, meaning they have not yet decayed. How old is the meteorite (in yr)? (Hint: See the figure below.) (Note: The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.3 billion years.)
Figure
Graph
Bar charts
A mineral sample
containing radioactive
atoms :, which decay
into daughter atoms
100
Percentage of
radioactive and
daughter atoms
in the mineral
50
100
Percentage of
-radioactive atoms
remaining
Age in half-lives
yr
Percentage remaining
Chapter 18 Solutions
FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRONOMY (LL)-W/MINDTAP
Ch. 18 - Why was the nebular hypothesis never fully...Ch. 18 - What produced the helium now present in the Suns...Ch. 18 - What produced the iron and heavier elements such...Ch. 18 - Prob. 4RQCh. 18 - What evidence can you give that disks of gas and...Ch. 18 - Why is the solar nebula theory considered a theory...Ch. 18 - According to the solar nebula theory, why is...Ch. 18 - According to the solar nebula theory, why is there...Ch. 18 - Why does the solar nebula theory predict that...Ch. 18 - What evidence can you give that the Solar System...
Ch. 18 - What planet in the Solar System is larger than the...Ch. 18 - Why is almost every solid surface in the Solar...Ch. 18 - What is the difference between condensation and...Ch. 18 - Why dont Terrestrial planets have ring systems...Ch. 18 - How does the solar nebula theory help you...Ch. 18 - Prob. 16RQCh. 18 - If rocks obtained from the Moon indicate an age of...Ch. 18 - Which is older, the Moon or the Sun? How do you...Ch. 18 - How does the solar nebula theory explain the...Ch. 18 - Did hydrogen gas condense from the nebula as the...Ch. 18 - What happens if a planet has differentiated? Would...Ch. 18 - Order the following steps in the formation of a...Ch. 18 - Which step(s) listed in the previous question can...Ch. 18 - Describe two processes that could melt the...Ch. 18 - What is the evidence that Jupiter and Saturn are...Ch. 18 - Describe two processes that cleared the solar...Ch. 18 - What is the difference between a planetesimal and...Ch. 18 - Does Uranus have enough mass to have formed by...Ch. 18 - What properties of the gas and dust disks observed...Ch. 18 - Why would the astronomically short lifetime of gas...Ch. 18 - Prob. 31RQCh. 18 - Describe three methods to find extrasolar planets.Ch. 18 - Why is the existence of hot Jupiters puzzling?...Ch. 18 - The evidence is overwhelming that the Grand Canyon...Ch. 18 - Prob. 35RQCh. 18 - If you observed the Solar System from the vantage...Ch. 18 - Venus can be as bright as apparent magnitude 4.7...Ch. 18 - What is the smallest-diameter crater you can...Ch. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - Prob. 5PCh. 18 - You analyze a sample of a meteorite that landed on...Ch. 18 - You analyze a sample of a meteorite that landed on...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Examine Table 18-2. What might a planets...Ch. 18 - Examine Table 18-2. What might a planets...Ch. 18 - Suppose that Earth grew to its present size in 10...Ch. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 13PCh. 18 - Prob. 1SOPCh. 18 - Prob. 2SOPCh. 18 - What do you see in this image that indicates this...Ch. 18 - Why do astronomers conclude that the surface of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 18 - Prob. 4LTL
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- The half-life of Uranium-235 is 700 million years, which makes it useful for dating meteorites. If a meteorite has been determined to have 40% of its original amount of uranium, how old is it?arrow_forwardA sample from a meteorite that landed on Earth has been analyzed, and the result shows that out of every 1,000 nuclei of potassium-40 originally in the meteorite, only 125 are still present, meaning they have not yet decayed. How old is the meteorite (in yr)? (Hint: See the figure below.) (Note: The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.3 billion years.) Figure Graph Bar charts A mineral sample containing radioactive atoms :, which decay into daughter atoms :: 100 Percentage of radioactive and 50 daughter atoms in the mineral 100 Percentage of 50 -radioactive atoms remaining 2 3 Age in half-lives yr Percentage remaining :---1/2 remain----ER 1/4 remain---- ---: 1/8 remain-------arrow_forwardA sample from a meteorite that landed on Earth has been analyzed, and the result shows that out of every 1,000 nuclei of potassium-40 originally in the meteorite, only 250 are still present, meaning they have not yet decayed. How old is the meteorite (in yr)? (Hint: See the figure below.) (Note: The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.3 billion years.)arrow_forward
- Charan is at NASA analyzing Moon rocks. In one of the rocks from the lunar highlands, he discovered 37 % of the original uranium-238 remains, while remaining amount of uranium-238 had decayed into lead. The half life of uranium-238 is 4.5 × 109 years. Assume the only decay product is lead. How old is the lunar maria rock in billions of years (109 years)?arrow_forwardTorgeir is on a geology field trip and finds a meteorite that contains 6 times more argon-40 than potassium-40. The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.25 x 10° years. Assume the only decay product is argon-40. How old is the rock in billions of years (10° years)?arrow_forwardThe radioactive potassium-40 isotope decays to argon-40. A 2.97 x 10^9 year old sample of moon rock was found to contain 18% potassium-40 and 82% argon-40 by mass. Calculate the half-life of potassium-40 isotope.arrow_forward
- Rock B was found to contain 6 atoms of a parent isotope and 94 atoms of its daughter isotope. If the half-life of the parent- daughter isotope pair is 2 million years, what is the absolute age of Rock B? Parent atoms remaining 100 94 atoms 87 atoms 80 75 atoms 60 50 atoms 40 25 atoms 13 atoms 6 atoms 1 2 3 4 Number of half-lives (Elapsed time) 2 million years old 4 million years old 6 million years old 8 million years old 94 million years old LO 20 Number of atoms (percent)arrow_forwardA radioactive nucleus has a half-life of 5108 years. Assuming that a sample of rock (say, in an asteroid) solidified right after the solar system formed, approximately what fraction of the radioactive element should be left in the rock today?arrow_forwardXavier is at NASA analyzing Moon rocks. In one of the rocks from the lunar Maria, he discovered 80% of the original uranium-238 remains, while remaining amount of uranium-238 had decayed into lead. The half life of uranium-238 is 4.5 x 109 years. Assume the only decay product is lead. How old is the lunar Maria rock in billions of years (109 years) ?arrow_forward
- if the amount of the parent isotope in the original sample of a rock had been 48 grams, about how much would have been left after three half-lives?arrow_forwardThe half-life of Carbon-13 is 5750 years. Samples taken at an excavation site show that a one-kilogram sample has 65% Carbon-13 as compared to a normal sample. What is the age of the sample?arrow_forwardThe Tunguska asteroid is estimated to have had a diameter of 50 m, and to have produced an explosion equivalent to 10 megatons of TNT (1 megaton = 4.2 x 1015 joules). Assume that the asteroid was a sphere with density 2 g/cm3. Using the kinetic energy formula K = ½ mv2, where m is the mass and v is the speed, to estimate the speed of the asteroid. Assume that all kinetic energy is converted into the energy of the explosion. Give your answer in km/s with one significant figure.arrow_forward
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