Organic Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780321803221
Author: Paula Y. Bruice
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 18.21, Problem 43P
Propose a mechanism for the formation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate from dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, using hydroxide ion as the catalyst.
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Propose a mechanism for the formation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate from dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, using hydroxide ion as the catalyst.
draw the chemical structures of the reactant and product of the following reactions:
a.) addition of a phosphate group to (ex: phosphorylation of) glycose
b.) addition of a phosphate group to (ex: phosphorylation of) fructose-6-phosphate
c.) addition of a phosphate group to (ex: phosphorylation of) phosphoenolpyruvate
Show chemical structures for treatment and their mechanism of action for a defective enzyme: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 18.1 - Prob. 2PCh. 18.1 - Prob. 3PCh. 18.1 - Prob. 4PCh. 18.1 - PROBLEM 5♦
List the compounds in each of the...Ch. 18.2 - Explain why 92% of 2,4-pemtanedione exists as the...Ch. 18.3 - Draw the enol tautomers for each of the following...Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 8PCh. 18.4 - Prob. 9PCh. 18.4 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 18.5 - Show how the following compounds can be prepared...Ch. 18.6 - What compound is formed when a dilute solution of...Ch. 18.7 - Prob. 13PCh. 18.7 - Prob. 14PCh. 18.7 - How many stereoisomers are obtained from each of...Ch. 18.7 - Prob. 16PCh. 18.8 - Prob. 17PCh. 18.9 - Prob. 18PCh. 18.9 - Prob. 19PCh. 18.10 - Prob. 20PCh. 18.10 - What aldehyde or ketone would be obtained when...Ch. 18.11 - Prob. 22PCh. 18.12 - Prob. 24PCh. 18.12 - What two carbonyl compound are required for the...Ch. 18.12 - Propose a mechanism for the following reaction:Ch. 18.13 - Draw the products of the following reactions:Ch. 18.13 - Prob. 28PCh. 18.13 - Prob. 29PCh. 18.14 - Prob. 30PCh. 18.15 - Write the mechanism for the reaction of a...Ch. 18.15 - Prob. 32PCh. 18.15 - Prob. 33PCh. 18.15 - Draw the product of the reaction of each of the...Ch. 18.16 - Draw the product obtained by heating each pair of...Ch. 18.16 - Prob. 36PCh. 18.17 - Prob. 37PCh. 18.18 - Prob. 38PCh. 18.18 - Prob. 39PCh. 18.19 - Prob. 40PCh. 18.20 - Prob. 42PCh. 18.21 - Propose a mechanism for the formation of...Ch. 18.21 - Prob. 44PCh. 18.21 - a. If the biosynthesis of palmitic acid were...Ch. 18.21 - Prob. 46PCh. 18 - Prob. 47PCh. 18 - Prob. 48PCh. 18 - Number the following compounds in order of...Ch. 18 - The 1H NMR chemical shifts of nitromethane,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 51PCh. 18 - Draw the products of the following reactions: a....Ch. 18 - A racemic mixture of 2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-butanone...Ch. 18 - Prob. 54PCh. 18 - Prob. 55PCh. 18 - Prob. 56PCh. 18 - Prob. 57PCh. 18 - Identify A-L. (Hint: A shows three singles in its...Ch. 18 - Using cyclopentanone as the reactant, show the...Ch. 18 - Show how the following compounds can be prepared...Ch. 18 - Prob. 61PCh. 18 - Prob. 62PCh. 18 - Prob. 63PCh. 18 - The ketone whose 1H NMR spectrum is shown here was...Ch. 18 - Prob. 65PCh. 18 - Compound A with molecular formula C6H10 has two...Ch. 18 - Indicate how each of the following compounds can...Ch. 18 - Draw the products of the following reactions:Ch. 18 - Prob. 69PCh. 18 - a. Show how the amino acid alanine can be...Ch. 18 - Prob. 71PCh. 18 - Show how the following compounds can be...Ch. 18 - Explain why the following bromoketone forms...Ch. 18 - Prob. 74PCh. 18 - What carbonyl compounds are required to prepare a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 76PCh. 18 - A carboxylic arid is formed when an -haloketone...Ch. 18 - An , -unsaturated carbonyl compound can be...Ch. 18 - Prob. 79PCh. 18 - A Cannizzaro reaction is the reaction of an...Ch. 18 - Propose a mechanism for each of the following...Ch. 18 - The following reaction is known as the benzoni...Ch. 18 - Prob. 83PCh. 18 - Prob. 84PCh. 18 - Prob. 85PCh. 18 - Prob. 86PCh. 18 - Propose a mechanism for the following reaction:
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- One of the steps in the pentose phosphate pathway for glucose catabolism is the reaction of sedoheptulose 7-phosphate with glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate in the presence of a transaldolase to yield erythrose 4-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate. (a) The first part of the reaction is the formation of a protonated Schiff base of sedoheptulose 7-phosphate with a lysine residue in the enzyme followed by a retro-aldol cleavage to give an enamine plus erythrose 4-phosphate. Show the structure of the enamine and the mechanism by which it is formed. (b) The second part of the reaction is a nucleophilic addition of the enamine to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate followed by hydrolysis of the Schiff base to give fructose 6-phosphate. Show the mechanism.arrow_forwardIn the pentose phosphate pathway for degrading sugars, ribulose 5-phosphate is converted to ribose 5-phosphate. Propose a mechanism for the isomerization.arrow_forwardSuggest a name for an enzyme that catalyzes each of the following reactions. a. Hydrolysis of lactose b. Oxidation of nitrite c. Decarboxylation of citrate d. Reduction of oxalatearrow_forward
- In glycerol metabolism, the oxidation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate to give dihydroxyacetone phosphate is catalyzed by sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, with NAD+ as cofactor. The reaction is stereospecific, occurring exclusively on the Re face of the nicotinamide ring.arrow_forwardPyruvate carboxylase is thought to activate CO2 by ATP, through formation of carboxyphosphate as an intermediate. Propose a mechanism for the formation of this intermediate.arrow_forwardShow how an enediol rearrangement can move the carbonyl carbon of fructose from C-2 to C-3.arrow_forward
- In one of the steps in this pathway fructose 1,6-biphosphate (F1,6BP) is converted to gylceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G-3-p) and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP). This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme aldolase. For this reaction at 25 celcuius and Ph7 we have: Keq= 10-4M and Delta G = +5456 cal/mol Calculate the following: The concentration of F1, 6BP, DHAP and G-3-P at equilibrium when the initial F1,6BP is (A) 1M, (b) 10-2 M, (c) 2 X 10*4 M and (d) 10-5 M. I been trying to solve this problem but I dont even know where to begin with. Atleast help me with problem A, I would be able to guide myself through.arrow_forwardGalactose can enter the glycolytic cycle but it must first react with ATP to form galactose-1-phosphate. Propose a mechanism for this reaction.arrow_forwardAcetolactate synthase transfers the acyl group of pyruvate to alpha-ketobutyrate. This is the first step in the biosynthesis of the amino acid isoleucine. Propose a mechanism for this reaction.arrow_forward
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