Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781260084504
Author: Abraham Silberschatz, S. Sudarshan, Abraham, Henry Korth, Silberschatz Abraham, Silberschatz Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Expert Solution & Answer
Chapter 19, Problem 11PE
Explanation of Solution
a.
Example for using normal transaction undo
Consider a bank account S with balance $200.
- Let two transactions individually deposit $20 in the account. Thus, the final balance should be $240.
- Now, when the transactions are executed in sequence T1, T2 the log records would be as follows:
< T1, S, 200, 220 >
< T2, S, 220, 240 >
- Now, transaction T1 needs to be undone...
Explanation of Solution
b.
Implementing point-in-time recovery using
To modify the recovery
- Identify the latest archival dump (say D) before the start of the erroneous transaction (say Te) that is < Te, start>.
- Restore the database using this dump D.
- Now, perform a redo of all log records starting from the dump till the transaction committed that is < Te, commit >.
- Let S be the set of those transactions which were active at the commit time of Te.
- Rollback all transactions in the set S including Te...
Explanation of Solution
c.
Re-executing non-erroneous transactions logically:
To understand the reason the later non-erroneous transactions cannot be re-executed logically using log records, consider again the example from part (a);
- Let both the transactions be undone and the balance be reverted back to $200.
- Now, if T2 needs to be redone while using the log record < T2, ...
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