Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: Triacylglycerols has to be classified as an energy-storage lipid, a membrane lipid, an emulsification lipid or a messenger lipid.
Concept introduction: On the basis of biochemical functions, lipids are divided into five categories:
- 1. Energy storage lipids: Triacylglycerols.
- 2. Membrane lipids: Phospholipids, sphingoglycolipid and cholesterol.
- 3. Emulsification lipids: Bile acids.
- 4. Messenger lipids: Steroid hormones and eicosanoids.
- 5. Protective coating lipids: Biological waxes.
(b)
Interpretation: Glycerophospholipids has to be classified as an energy-storage lipid, a membrane lipid, an emulsification lipid or a messenger lipid.
Concept introduction: On the basis of biochemical functions, lipids are divided into five categories:
- 1. Energy storage lipids: Triacylglycerols.
- 2. Membrane lipids: Phospholipids, sphingoglycolipid and cholesterol.
- 3. Emulsification lipids: Bile acids.
- 4. Messenger lipids: Steroid hormones and eicosanoids.
- 5. Protective coating lipids: Biological waxes.
(c)
Interpretation: Prostaglandins has to be classified as an energy-storage lipid, a membrane lipid, an emulsification lipid or a messenger lipid.
Concept introduction: On the basis of biochemical functions, lipids are divided into five categories:
- 1. Energy storage lipids: Triacylglycerols.
- 2. Membrane lipids: Phospholipids, sphingoglycolipid and cholesterol.
- 3. Emulsification lipids: Bile acids.
- 4. Messenger lipids: Steroid hormones and eicosanoids.
- 5. Protective coating lipids: Biological waxes.
(d)
Interpretation: Estrogens has to be classified as an energy-storage lipid, a membrane lipid, an emulsification lipid or a messenger lipid.
Concept introduction: On the basis of biochemical functions, lipids are divided into five categories:
- 1. Energy storage lipids: Triacylglycerols.
- 2. Membrane lipids: Phospholipids, sphingoglycolipid and cholesterol.
- 3. Emulsification lipids: Bile acids.
- 4. Messenger lipids: Steroid hormones and eicosanoids.
- 5. Protective coating lipids: Biological waxes.
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General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
- What functional group is common to all saponifiable lipids?arrow_forwardClassify each of the following as (1) an energy-storage lipid, (2) a membrane lipid, or (3) an emulsification lipid. a. Oils b. Glycocholic acid c. Glycerophospholipids d. Sphingophospholipidsarrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following statements about a lipid bilayer is true or false. a. The outside surface positions in a lipid bilayer are occupied by the polar heads of phospholipids and glycolipids. b. The interaction between the fluid outside a cell and the surface of a lipid bilayer is primarily an interaction between nonpolar entities. c. The interactions between the tails of adjacent lipids in a lipid bilayer usually involve intermolecular forces. d. The outside surface positions in a lipid bilayer are occupied by alternating hydrophobic and hydrophilic entities.arrow_forward
- 21-85 Which of the following statements is (are) consistent with what is known about membranes? (a) A membrane consists of a layer of proteins sandwiched between two layers of lipids. (b) The compositions of the inner and outer lipid layers are the same in any individual membrane. (c) Membranes contain glycolipids and glycoproteins. (d) Lipid bilayers are an important component of membranes. (e) Covalent bonding takes place between lipids and proteins in most membranes.arrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following general statements about lipids is true or false. a. The concept that defines a lipid is related to solubility rather than structure. b. Nonsaponifiable lipid molecules undergo hydrolysis in basic aqueous solution.arrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following statements about a lipid bilayer is true or false. a. The outside surface positions in a lipid bilayer are occupied by hydrophobic entities. b. The interaction between the fluid inside a cell and the surface of a lipid bilayer is primarily an interaction between polar entities. c. The outside surface positions in a lipid bilayer are occupied by the nonpolar tails of phospholipids and glycolipids. d. The interactions between adjacent lipids in a lipid bilayer usually involve covalent bonding.arrow_forward
- Which of the terms triacylglycerol, glycerophospholipid, and sphingophospholipid applies to each of the following characterizations? More than one term may apply in a given situation. a. It contains four building blocks. b. All linkages are ester linkages. c. An alcohol building block is present. d. It is an energy-storage lipid.arrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following general statements about lipids is true or false. a. Lipids are compounds soluble in both polar and nonpolar solvents. b. Saponifiable lipid molecules are easily converted into two or more simpler molecules.arrow_forwardClassify each of the following types of lipids as (1) glycerol-based, (2) sphingosine-based, (3) steroid nucleus-based, or (4) fatty acid-based. a. Bile acids b. Oils c. Prostaglandins d. Thromboxanesarrow_forward
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