In an experiment to simulate conditions inside an auto-mobile engine. 0.185 mol of air at 780 K and 3.00 × 106 Pa is contained in a cylinder of volume 40.0 cm3 Then 645 J of
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- An ideal gas initially at 300 K undergoes an isobaric expansion at 2.50 kPa. If the volume increases from 1.00 m3 to 3.00 m3 and 12.5 kJ is transferred to the gas by heat, what are (a) the change in its internal energy and (b) its final temperature?arrow_forwardFor a temperature increase of 10 at constant volume, what is the heat absorbed by (a) 3.0 mol of a dilute monatomic gas; (b) 0.50 mol of a dilute diatomic gas; and (c) 15 mol of a dilute polyatomic gas?arrow_forwardA certain ideal gas has a molar specific heat of Cv = 72R. A 2.00-mol sample of the gas always starts at pressure 1.00 105 Pa and temperature 300 K. For each of the following processes, determine (a) the final pressure, (b) the final volume, (c) the final temperature, (d) the change in internal energy of the gas, (e) the energy added to the gas by heat, and (f) the work done on the gas. (i) The gas is heated at constant pressure to 400 K. (ii) The gas is heated at constant volume to 400 K. (iii) The gas is compressed at constant temperature to 1.20 105 Pa. (iv) The gas is compressed adiabatically to 1.20 105 Pa.arrow_forward
- A counter-flow double-pipe heat exchanger is to heat water from 20°C to 80°C at a rate of 1.2 kg/s. The heating is to be accomplished by geothermal water available at 160°C at a mass flow rate of 2 kg/s. The inner tube is thin-walled and has a diameter of 1.5 cm. If the overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger is 640 W/m2?K, determine the length of the heat exchanger required to achieve the desired heating.arrow_forwardHow much work is done on the steam when 1.32 mol of water at 100°C boils and becomes 1.32 mol of steam at 100°C at 1.00 atm pressure? (Assume the latent heat of vaporization of water is 2.26 106 J/kg.)arrow_forwardAn overhead 25 m-long, uninsulated industrial steam pipe of 100 mm diameter is routed through a building whose walls and air are at 25°C. Pressurized steam maintains a pipe surface temperature of 150°C, the coefficient associated with natural convection h= 10 W/m2K and the surface emissivity ℇ = 0.8 What is the rate of heat loss from the steam line? If the steam is generated in a gas-fired boiler operating at an efficiency of ɳf = 0.90 and natural gas fuel is priced at Cg = $0.01 per MJ, what is the annual cost of heat loss from the steam line?arrow_forward
- An air conditioner with refrigerant-134a as the working fluid is used to keep a room at 23°C by rejecting the waste heat to the outdoor air at 34°C. The room gains heat through the walls and the windows at a rate of 250 kJ/min while the heat generated by the computer, TV, and lights amounts to 900 W. The refrigerant enters the compressor at 400 kPa as a saturated vapor at a rate of 80 L/min and leaves at 1200 kPa and 70°C. Determine (a) the actual COP, (b) the maximum COP, and (c) the minimum volume flow rate of the refrigerant at the compressor inlet for the same compressor inlet and exit conditions.arrow_forwardA thirsty nurse cools a 2.30 LL bottle of a soft drink (mostly water) by pouring it into a large aluminum mug of mass 0.257 kgkg and adding 0.123 kgkg of ice initially at -14.0 ∘C∘C. If the soft drink and mug are initially at 20.9 ∘C∘C, what is the final temperature of the system, assuming no heat losses?arrow_forwardOne gram of water (1 cm3) becomes 875 cm3 of steam when boiled at a constant pressure of 1 atm (1.013 x 105 Pa). The heat of vaporization at this pressure is Lv = 2.256 x 106 J/kg. Compute a) the heat absorbed by the water b) the work done by the water when it vaporizes and c) its increase in internal energy.arrow_forward
- A cylinder contains 0.100 mol of an ideal monatomic gas. Initially ,the gas is at a pressure of 1.00 x 10^5 Pa and occupies a volume of 2.50 x 10^ -3 cubic meter. If the gas is allowed to expand to twice the initial volume, what is the final temperature if the expansion is adiabatic?arrow_forwardA vertical cylinder with a heavy piston contains air at 300 K. The initial pressure is 2.00 × 105 Pa, and the initial volume is 0.350 m3. Take the molar mass of air as 28.9 g/mol and assume CV = 5/2 R. (a) Find the specific heat of air at constant volume in units of J/kg ? °C. (b) Calculate the mass of the airin the cylinder. (c) Suppose the piston is held fixed. Find the energy input required to raise the temperature of the air to 700 K. (d) What If? Assume again the conditions of the initial state and assume the heavy piston is free to move. Find the energy input required to raise the temperature to 700 K.arrow_forwardHow much energy must be transferred as heat for a reversible isothermal expansion of an ideal gas at 132 degrees Celcius if the enthropy of the gas increases by 46.0 J/Karrow_forward
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