The measurement of the average coefficient of volume expansion β for a liquid is complicated because the container also changes size with temperature. Figure P19.62 shows a simple means for measuring β despite the expansion of the container. With this apparatus, one arm of a U-tube is maintained at 0°C in a water-ice bath, and the other arm is maintained at a different temperature Tc in a constant-temperature bath. The connecting tube is horizontal. A difference in the length or diameter of the tube between the two arms of the U-tube has no effect on the pressure balance at the bottom of the tube because the pressure depends only on the depth of the liquid. Derive an expression for β for the liquid in terms of h0, hi and Tc.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 19 Solutions
PHYSICS 1250 PACKAGE >CI<
- A sealed cubical container 20.0 cm on a side contains a gas with three times Avogadros number of neon atoms at a temperature of 20.0C. (a) Find the internal energy of the gas. (b) Find the total translational kinetic energy of the gas. (c) Calculate the average kinetic energy per atom, (d) Use Equation 10.13 to calculate the gas pressure. (e) Calculate the gas pressure using the ideal gas law (Eq. 10.8).arrow_forward(a) An ideal gas occupies a volume of 1.0 cm3 at 20.C and atmospheric pressure. Determine the number of molecules of gas in the container, (b) If the pressure of the 1.0-cm3 volume is reduced to 1.0 1011 Pa (an extremely good vacuum) while the temperature remains constant, how many moles of gas remain in the container?arrow_forwardAn ideal gas is trapped inside a tube of uniform cross-sectional area sealed at one end as shown in Figure P19.49. A column of mercury separates the gas from the outside. The tube can be turned in a vertical plane. In Figure P19.49A, the column of air in the tube has length L1, whereas in Figure P19.49B, the column of air has length L2. Find an expression (in terms of the parameters given) for the length L3 of the column of air in Figure P19.49C, when the tube is inclined at an angle with respect to the vertical. FIGURE P19.49arrow_forward
- A vertical cylinder of cross-sectional area A is fitted with a tight-fitting, frictionless piston of mass m (Fig. P16.56). The piston is not restricted in its motion in any way and is supported by the gas at pressure P below it. Atmospheric pressure is P0. We wish to find die height h in Figure P16.56. (a) What analysis model is appropriate to describe the piston? (b) Write an appropriate force equation for the piston from this analysis model in terms of P, P0, m, A, and g. (c) Suppose n moles of an ideal gas are in the cylinder at a temperature of T. Substitute for P in your answer to part (b) to find the height h of the piston above the bottom of the cylinder.arrow_forwardCylinder A contains oxygen (O2) gas, and cylinder B contains nitrogen (N2) gas. If the molecules in the two cylinders have the same rms speeds, which of the following statements is false? (a) The two gases haw different temperatures. (b) The temperature of cylinder B is less than the temperature of cylinder A. (c) The temperature of cylinder B is greater than the temperature of cylinder A. (d) The average kinetic energy of the nitrogen molecules is less than the average kinetic energy of the oxygen molecules.arrow_forwardA cylinder with a piston holds 0.50 m3 of oxygen at an absolute pressure of 4.0 atm. The piston is pulled outward, increasing the volume of the gas until the pressure drops to 1.0 atm. If the temperature stays constant, what new volume does the gas occupy? (a) 1.0 m3 (b) 1.5 m3 (c) 2.0 m3 (d) 0.12 m3 (e) 2.5 m3arrow_forward
- Case Study When a constant-volume thermometer is in thermal contact with a substance whose temperature is lower than the triple point of water, how does the right tube in Figure 19.22 need to be moved? Explain. FIGURE 19.22 1 Gas in the constant-volume gas thermometer is at Ti, and the mercury in the manometer is at height hi above the gasmercury boundary. 2 The thermometer is placed in thermal contact with an object, and its temperature increases. The increased temperature increases the gas volume. 3 By raising the right-hand tube of the mercury manometer, the gas volume is restored to its original size. The mercury is now at hi + h above the gasmercury boundary. This increase in height is a result of the increase in gas temperature and pressure.arrow_forwardFour closed tanks, A, B, C, and D, each contain an ideal gas. The table gives the absolute pressure and volume of the gas in each tank. In each case, there is 0.19 mol of gas. Using this number and the data in the table, compute the temperature of the gas in each tank. Absolute pressure (Pa) Volume (m³) A 25.0 4.0 B 30.0 5.0 C 20.0 5.0 D 2.0 75arrow_forwardA pipe of length L connects to thermal reservoirs that are kept constant at temperatures T1 and T2. The pipe contains a gas with a thermal conductivity κ, a density ρ, and a heat capacity cP. What is the temperature T of the gas in the tube at a distance x=0.4L away from the thermal reservoir with temperature T1? Select one: a.T=T1+0.4(T2−T1) b.T=T1+0.4κρcP(T2−T1) c.T=T1+0.4(T1−T2) d.T=0.5(T1+T2)arrow_forward
- A 0.5 m3 container holds 50 mol of an unknown gas at a temperature of 25 °C. A piston is used to expand the volume of the chamber to 1.0 m3 without changing the temperature of gas. What is the pressure in the container now (in kPa)? The piston is again used to change the volume of the container (without changing the temperature). After doing so the pressure in the container is 496 kPa. What is the volume of the container (in m3)?arrow_forwardIncandescent lightbulbs are filled with an inert gas to lengthen the filament life. With the current off (at T = 20.0°C), the gas inside a lightbulb has a pressure of 132 kPa. When the bulb is burning, the temperature rises to 68.2°C. What is the pressure at the higher temperature? КРаarrow_forwardA scientist measured the pressure of a sample of gas at various volumes. The temperature of the gas was kept constant. The data are shown below. Volume (cm) Pressure (kPa) 15 222 21 159 31 108 50 67 Temperature and Pressure What will happen to the pressure if the volume is increased to 75cm. O The pressure will decrease. O The pressure will remain the same. O There is no way to predict the pressure. O The pressure will increase. 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1. here to searcharrow_forward
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781305952300Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781285737027Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage Learning