Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781305289963
Author: Debora M. Katz
Publisher: Cengage Custom Learning
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Chapter 19, Problem 26PQ
To determine
Whether discovery of a planet having a non-elliptical orbit pose a challenge to Kepler’s first law, Newton’s laws, neither, or both.
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I've uploaded these questions a few times now as I'm a little confused about its dependent & independent variables these are the two Answer I've received back
Answer 1. The dependent variables are Pressure→P volume→ (V) No. of moles→ n arbitrary constants a and b varies gas to gas. Independent variable: R→Universal gas constant
Answer 2. Dependent variable: V,T,P. Independent Variable a,b,n,R
I would like to know detailed reasoning behind these variables in these 2 answers and which one is the correct answer and also if there is a 3rd answer please let me know the reasoning behind that as well as solve the rest of the question.
Under what conditions of volume does a van der Waals gas behave like an ideal gas? Use the van der Waals equation of state to justify your answer.
There are lots of examples of ideal gases in the universe, and they exist in many different conditions. In this problem we will examine what the temperature of these various phenomena are.
a. Give an expression for the temperature of an ideal gas in terms of pressure P, particle density per unit volume ρ, and fundamental constants.
b. Near the surface of Venus, its atmosphere has a pressure fv= 95 times the pressure of Earth's atmosphere, and a particle density of around ρv = 1.1 × 1027 m-3. What is the temperature of Venus' atmosphere (in C) near the surface?
c. The Orion nebula is one of the brightest diffuse nebulae in the sky (look for it in the winter, just below the three bright stars in Orion's belt). It is a very complicated mess of gas, dust, young star systems, and brown dwarfs, but let's estimate its temperature if we assume it is a uniform ideal gas. Assume it is a sphere of radius r = 4.7 × 1015 m (around 6 light years) with a total mass 4000 times the mass of the…
Chapter 19 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
Ch. 19.1 - The Fahrenheit scale remains useful in part due to...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 19.2CECh. 19.3 - Prob. 19.3CECh. 19.3 - Prob. 19.4CECh. 19.4 - Prob. 19.5CECh. 19.5 - Prob. 19.6CECh. 19.6 - Prob. 19.7CECh. 19 - Prob. 1PQCh. 19 - Prob. 2PQCh. 19 - Prob. 3PQ
Ch. 19 - Prob. 4PQCh. 19 - Prob. 5PQCh. 19 - Prob. 6PQCh. 19 - Prob. 7PQCh. 19 - Prob. 8PQCh. 19 - Object A is placed in thermal contact with a very...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10PQCh. 19 - Prob. 11PQCh. 19 - Prob. 12PQCh. 19 - Prob. 13PQCh. 19 - The tallest building in Chicago is the Willis...Ch. 19 - Prob. 15PQCh. 19 - Prob. 16PQCh. 19 - At 22.0C, the radius of a solid aluminum sphere is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 18PQCh. 19 - Prob. 19PQCh. 19 - Prob. 20PQCh. 19 - The distance between telephone poles is 30.50 m in...Ch. 19 - Prob. 22PQCh. 19 - Prob. 23PQCh. 19 - Prob. 24PQCh. 19 - Prob. 25PQCh. 19 - Prob. 26PQCh. 19 - Prob. 27PQCh. 19 - Prob. 28PQCh. 19 - Prob. 29PQCh. 19 - Prob. 30PQCh. 19 - Prob. 31PQCh. 19 - Prob. 32PQCh. 19 - Prob. 33PQCh. 19 - Prob. 34PQCh. 19 - Prob. 35PQCh. 19 - Prob. 36PQCh. 19 - Prob. 37PQCh. 19 - Prob. 38PQCh. 19 - Prob. 39PQCh. 19 - On a hot summer day, the density of air at...Ch. 19 - Prob. 41PQCh. 19 - Prob. 42PQCh. 19 - Prob. 43PQCh. 19 - Prob. 44PQCh. 19 - Prob. 45PQCh. 19 - Prob. 46PQCh. 19 - Prob. 47PQCh. 19 - A triple-point cell such as the one shown in...Ch. 19 - An ideal gas is trapped inside a tube of uniform...Ch. 19 - Prob. 50PQCh. 19 - Prob. 51PQCh. 19 - Case Study When a constant-volume thermometer is...Ch. 19 - An air bubble starts rising from the bottom of a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 54PQCh. 19 - Prob. 55PQCh. 19 - Prob. 56PQCh. 19 - Prob. 57PQCh. 19 - Prob. 58PQCh. 19 - Prob. 59PQCh. 19 - Prob. 60PQCh. 19 - Prob. 61PQCh. 19 - Prob. 62PQCh. 19 - Prob. 63PQCh. 19 - Prob. 64PQCh. 19 - Prob. 65PQCh. 19 - Prob. 66PQCh. 19 - Prob. 67PQCh. 19 - Prob. 68PQCh. 19 - Prob. 69PQCh. 19 - Prob. 70PQCh. 19 - Prob. 71PQCh. 19 - A steel plate has a circular hole drilled in its...Ch. 19 - Prob. 73PQCh. 19 - A gas is in a container of volume V0 at pressure...Ch. 19 - Prob. 75PQCh. 19 - Prob. 76PQCh. 19 - Prob. 77PQCh. 19 - Prob. 78PQCh. 19 - Prob. 79PQCh. 19 - Prob. 80PQCh. 19 - Two glass bulbs of volumes 500 cm3 and 200 cm3 are...
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- A fixed mass of a gas is held in an adjustable sealed container at a pressure of 100.0 kPa. If the container size is decreased to 0.8 m3; what will be initial volume of the gas? Assume the final pressure of the gas inside the container is 400kPa and the temperature remains constant. please make very easy to understandarrow_forwardExplain the relations between microscopic and macroscopic quantities in a gas?arrow_forward1.) How many particles are present in a closed container if the energy it contains is 95204.74 J, and the diatomic oxygen gas is moving at a velocity of 21.45 m/s? Use only the whole number for the value of atomic mass unit. Express your answer in proper scientific notation. 2.) A car generating a power of 97010.23 watts is traveling on a road with a coefficient of kinetic friction of 0.05. If the velocity of it upon reaching its destination is 29.16 m/s and has been accelerationg at a rate of 3.45m/s^2, what is the mass of the car?arrow_forward
- Would you expect γ to be larger for a gas or a solid? Explain how?arrow_forwardArgon gas has several industrial uses, including arc welding and steel making. Argon is nonflammable and nontoxic, and so can be kept at room temperature (T = 17.5° C). Companies can buy Argon gas in cylinders which are kept at pressure of P = 244 psi. In this problem you may assume that ideal gas law still holds. Part (a) How much average kinetic energy (in J) does each atom of the the Argon gas in the cylinder have? Part (b) If the volume of this cylinder is V = 180 L, how many moles of Argon are inside?arrow_forwardHow do different gas laws explain everyday situations that involve gases?arrow_forward
- Pump some air into the container and hold the volume constant.Heat the gas using the heater under the container. temperature(K) pressure(kPa) 400 800 500 1000 600 1200 700 1400 800 1600 900 1800 1)Plot a graph of Pressure vs temperature and attached the graph below (show the data points and label the axes) 2)find the “molar density” of the gas in the container. (unit of answer: mole/m3)(Hint: consider the ideal gas law , the graph should be ??=??? a straight line, you can use the slope of the graph to find the answer. Pay attention to the unit. R=ideal gas constant=8.314 JK-1mol-1=8.314 m3PaK-1mol-1) Include the appropriate units in the physical quantities.(with steps)arrow_forwardThe mean free path for a certain gas is 2.18×10−7 m. and the radius of an atom of said gas is approximately 1.11×10−11 m. What is the density of the gas in moles per cubic meter under these conditions?arrow_forward1 kg of a gas at a temperature of 40° C and a pressure of 120 Pa occupies a volume of0.25m°. If the Cv of the gas =743 J/Kg.K Find:a.The characteristic gas constantb.The molar mass and relative molecular massC.The specific heat capacity at constant pressured. The ratio of specific heats question is attached please solve showing full working and all formulas used along with all explanations and solve all section also there is a typing error its molar mass not modulararrow_forward
- Why do we study the properties and behavior of gases? Cite at least three (3) reasons.arrow_forwardWhich of the following describes a real gas better? A) gas particles repel each other B) all collisions are elastic C) gas particles are very tiny, but they are not infinitely small (D) gas particles behave according to pV=nRT.arrow_forwardHow to use Boltzmann factors to derive the exponential formula for the density of an isothermal atmosphere. (Hint: Let the system be a single air molecule, let 81 be a state with the molecule at sea level, and let 82 be a state with the molecule at height z)arrow_forward
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