21st Century Astronomy
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393428063
Author: Kay
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 19, Problem 33QP
(a)
To determine
The redshift of that galaxy.
(b)
To determine
The recession velocity in kilometers per second.
(c)
To determine
The distance of the galaxy in megaparsecs.
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The Andromeda Galaxy, M31, is the closest large spiral Galaxy to our Milky Way. When we lookat its chemical spectrum, we see that it's hydrogen alpha emission line has an observed wavelength of 655nm.
a. Calculate z, being careful with the sign
b. How fast is it moving in km/s
c. Is it redshifted or blueshifted? Is it moving toward or away from us?
1- As the universe expands, a galaxy which is at a distance of 5.0 x 106 pc, is moving away from you. What is the velocity of the galaxy relative to you? [You are given that Hubble's Constant is H = 73(km/s) / (106 pc).
2- a) The distance to Alpha Centauri (the nearest large star to Earth) is 4.37 Ly (Light Years). What is the distance in miles (given that one Ly = 5.88 x 1012 miles?)
b) Present rocket ship speeds are roughly 100,000 miles per hour, which is the same as 8.766 x 108 miles per year. At this speed, and using the distance you calculated in (a), how many years would it take to travel to Alpha Centauri?
The hydrogen Balmer line H? has a wavelength of 486.1 nm. It is shifted to 536.0 nm in a quasar's spectrum. What is the redshift of this quasar? (Hint: What is Δ??)
Chapter 19 Solutions
21st Century Astronomy
Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 19.1ACYUCh. 19.1 - Prob. 19.1BCYUCh. 19.2 - Prob. 19.2CYUCh. 19.3 - Prob. 19.3CYUCh. 19.4 - Prob. 19.4CYUCh. 19 - Prob. 1QPCh. 19 - Prob. 2QPCh. 19 - Prob. 3QPCh. 19 - Prob. 4QPCh. 19 - Prob. 5QP
Ch. 19 - Prob. 6QPCh. 19 - Prob. 7QPCh. 19 - Prob. 8QPCh. 19 - Prob. 9QPCh. 19 - Prob. 10QPCh. 19 - Prob. 11QPCh. 19 - Prob. 12QPCh. 19 - Prob. 13QPCh. 19 - Prob. 14QPCh. 19 - Prob. 15QPCh. 19 - Prob. 16QPCh. 19 - Prob. 17QPCh. 19 - Prob. 18QPCh. 19 - Prob. 19QPCh. 19 - Prob. 20QPCh. 19 - Prob. 21QPCh. 19 - Prob. 22QPCh. 19 - Prob. 23QPCh. 19 - Prob. 24QPCh. 19 - Prob. 25QPCh. 19 - Prob. 26QPCh. 19 - Prob. 27QPCh. 19 - Prob. 28QPCh. 19 - Prob. 29QPCh. 19 - Prob. 30QPCh. 19 - Prob. 31QPCh. 19 - Prob. 32QPCh. 19 - Prob. 33QPCh. 19 - Prob. 34QPCh. 19 - Prob. 35QPCh. 19 - Prob. 36QPCh. 19 - Prob. 37QPCh. 19 - Prob. 38QPCh. 19 - Prob. 39QPCh. 19 - Prob. 40QPCh. 19 - Prob. 41QPCh. 19 - Prob. 42QPCh. 19 - Prob. 43QPCh. 19 - Prob. 44QPCh. 19 - Prob. 45QP
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- The first clue that the Galaxy contains a lot of dark matter was the observation that the orbital velocities of stars did not decreases with increasing distance from the center of the Galaxy. Construct a rotation curve for the solar system by using the orbital velocities of the planets, which can be found in Appendix F. How does this curve differ from the rotation curve for the Galaxy? What does it tell you about where most of the mass in the solar system is concentrated?arrow_forwardWas Hubble’s original estimate of the distance to the Andromeda galaxy correct? Explain.arrow_forwardThe first picture is some background information need help answering the first question about the escape velocity from the andromeda Galaxyarrow_forward
- 1. A distant galaxy has an apparent magnitude of 10 and is 4,000 kpc away. What is its absolute magnitude? (Round your answer to at least one decimal place.) The difference in absolute magnitude between two objects viewed from the same distance is related to their fluxes by the flux-magnitude relation. FA/FB= 2.51(MB − MA) 2. How does the absolute magnitude of this galaxy compare to the Milky Way (M = −21)?arrow_forwardYou observe the H-alpha line of Hydrogen in a distant galaxy to have a wavelength of 918.4 nm. What is the radial velocity of the galaxy?arrow_forwardAstronomical observations of our Milky Way galaxy indicate that it has a mass of about 8 1011 solar masses. A star orbiting near the galaxy's periphery is 5.6 104 light years from its center. (For your calculations, assume that the galaxy's mass is concentrated near its center.) (a) What should the orbital period of that star be?_________yr (b) If its period is 6.0x107 years instead, what is the mass of the galaxy? Such calculations are used to imply the existence of "dark matter" in the universe and have indicated, for example, the existence of very massive black holes at the centers of some galaxies._________ Solar Massesarrow_forward
- The Andromeda Galaxy is a member of the Local Group of galaxies. It is approaching us. Does this mean that the Hubble Law is wrong? Why or why not? Explain.arrow_forwardCan an elliptical galaxy evolve into a spiral? Explain your answer. Can a spiral turn into an elliptical? How?arrow_forwardAssume that the Sun orbits the center of the Galaxy at a speed of 220 km/s and a distance of 26,000 lightyears from the center. A. Calculate the circumference of the Sun’s orbit, assuming it to be approximately circular. (Remember that the circumference of a circle is given by 2pR, where R is the radius of the circle. Be sure to use consistent units. The conversion from light-years to km/s can be found in an online calculator or appendix, or you can calculate it for yourself: the speed of light is 300,000 km/s, and you can determine the number of seconds in a year.) B. Calculate the Sun’s period, the “galactic year.” Again, be careful with the units. Does it agree with the number we gave above?arrow_forward
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