Chapter 19, Problem 65E

Which of the blowing reactions occur spontaneously and which can be brought about only through electrolysis, assuming that in reactants end products are in their standard states? For those requiring electrolysis? what the rrwn.num voltage required?

a. ${\text{2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)\to 2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)+O_2\left(g\right)\left[\text{ln}\text{1}\text{M}{\text{H}}^{+}\left(\text{aq}\right)\right]$

b. $\text{Zn}\left(\text{s}\right){\text{+Fe}}^{\text{2+}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to {\text{Zn}}^{\text{2+}}+\text{Fe}\left(\text{s}\right)$

c. ${\text{2Fe}}^{\text{2+}}\left(\text{aq}\right)+{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{s}\right)\to 2{\text{Fe}}^{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)+2{\text{l}}^{\text{-}}\left(\text{aq}\right)$

d. $\text{Cu}\left(\text{s}\right)+{\text{Sn}}^{\text{4+}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to {\text{Cu}}^{\text{2+}}\left(\text{aq}\right)+{\text{Sn}}^{\text{2+}}\left(\text{aq}\right)$