Concept explainers
Consider an atom of 64Zn.
(a) Calculate the density of the nucleus in grams per cubic centimeter, knowing that the nuclear radius is 4.8 × 10–6 nm and the mass of the 64Zn atom is 1.06 × 10–22 g. (Recall that the volume of a sphere is [4/3] πτ3.)
(b) Calculate the density of the space occupied by the electrons in the zinc atom, given that the atomic radius is 0.125 nm and the electron mass is 9.11 × 10–28 g.
(c) Having calculated these densities, what statement can you make about the relative densities of the parts of the atom?
(a)
Interpretation: For given atom of
Concept introduction:
Equation for density from volume and mass is,
Equation for finding Volume of sphere is,
Mass: It is the quantitative measure of a substance. The amount of matter present in substance is expressed as mass. The
Answer to Problem 149GQ
The density of zinc nucleus is
Explanation of Solution
The radius of the zinc nucleus is given that
Equation for finding Volume of sphere is,
Therefore, the volume of zinc nucleus is,
Mass of the zinc atom is
Equation for density from volume and mass is,
Therefore, the density of zinc nucleus is,
(b)
Interpretation: For given atom of
Concept introduction:
Equation for density from volume and mass is,
Equation for finding Volume of sphere is,
Answer to Problem 149GQ
The density of space occupied by electrons in Zn atom is
Explanation of Solution
The radius of the zinc atom is given that
Equation for finding Volume of sphere is,
Therefore, the volume of zinc nucleus is,
The volume of zinc nucleus is
Mass of the zinc atom is the sum of mass of nucleus and mass of total number of electrons, that is
Equation for density from volume and mass is,
Therefore, the density of space occupied by electrons in Zn atom is,
(c)
Interpretation: Considering the density of nucleus and the density of space occupied by electrons in given atoms the statement that describes about relative densities of parts of given atom should be identified.
Concept introduction:
Equation for density from volume and mass is,
Equation for finding Volume of sphere is,
Answer to Problem 149GQ
The density of nucleus is far greater than the density of space occupied by electrons (outside nucleus in atom).
Explanation of Solution
The density of zinc nucleus is found that
The density of space occupied by electrons in Zn atom is found that
The ratio of density of zinc nucleus to density of space occupied by electrons is,
Hence, the density of nucleus is far greater than the density of space occupied by electrons (outside nucleus in atom).
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Bundle: Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Loose-Leaf Version, 9th + OWLv2, 4 terms (24 Months) Printed Access Card
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