(a)
To define: The dependent variable depicted in the graph.
Introduction: The record of any prehistoric life, older than 10,000 years is referred to as fossil. The age of the fossils can be determined easily by dating their rocks. The process of dating a rock involves the measuring of the radioactive decay of specific isotopes.
(a)
Explanation of Solution
There are two types of variables that are plotted in a graph, the dependent and independent variable. The dependent variable is the one that is plotted on the vertical axis or the y-axis in the graph. So, the dependent variable here is the Proportion of 14C remaining. The dependent variable is being measured at the time of considering the data in any experiment.
(b)
To determine: The proportion of 14C present in the individual “O” when the person died.
Introduction: The death of organism results in the decay of 14C. This will not add the 12C into the body of that person. The deterioration of the carbon isotope will form the isotope of nitrogen such as 14N.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
The graph shows that the total number of years took for half of the isotope of carbon (14C) into nitrogen-14 is 5730 years. The amount of carbon-14 present in the individual was about 0.435 of the fraction that was present in the tissues.
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