Chapter 2, Problem 1RQ

Distinguish between an element, an atom, and a molecule.

Summary Introduction

To distinguish: An element, an atom, and a molecule.

Introduction: Chemical bonds link atoms together in a particular arrangement that defines the type of molecules. It unites atoms as a molecule. Electronegativity difference between the atoms determines the type of bond they can form in between them.

Explanation of Solution

Tabular representation: The following table shows the difference between an element, an atom, and a molecule.

Table 1: The difference between an element, an atom, and a molecule

Features	Element	Atom	Molecule
Definition	A substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means is called an element.	Atoms are the smallest constituent unit of all matter that have the chemical properties.	Molecules are made up of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded to each other.
Components	It consists of only one kind of atom.	It consists of negatively charged electrons, positively charged protons, and uncharged neutrons.	It consists of more than two atoms that can be either of same element or of different elements.
Stability	Stable in the presence of at least one natural isotope.	Not stable alone (In order to become stable, they make chemical bonds with other atoms).	Stable alone.
Separation	It cannot be broken down into a simpler type of matter by either physical or chemical means.	By the chemical reactions, atoms cannot be separated into subatomic particles. Instead, they are separated only by nuclear reactions.	By the chemical reactions, molecule can be separated into atoms.