Concept explainers
To review:
Match the term lysosomes with the most closely related descriptions given below:
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) replication.
Flattened membrane discs, packaging.
Adjacent plasma membranes bound by bands of interlocking proteins.
Packaging of materials for import into cell.
RNA (ribonucleic acid) and protein; protein synthesis.
Control center; stores genetic information.
Cell vesicles with digestive enzymes.
Embedded in the plasma membrane.
Internal protein framework in the cytoplasm.
Introduction:
Cells may differ in the organelle composition. Organelles are the structures that perform several functions in the cell. They are important for several cellular functions. Organelles are classified into membranous and nonmembranous organelles. Some of the organelles found in the cells are lysosomes, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and others.
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HUMAN ANATOMY-ACCESS
- Which of the following is not true about phagocytosis?(a) It is a form of exocytosis.(b) It is energy dependent.(c) It only occurs in eukaryotes.(d) A larger cell engulfs a smaller cell that will eventually bepresent in an internal vacuole.(e) It requires fusion of internal lysosomes to engulfed vac-uole for contents to be digestedarrow_forwardThe fundamental bilayered structure of the plasma membrane is determined almost exclusively by (a) phospholipid molecules, (b) peripheral proteins, (c) cholesterol molecules, (d) integral proteins.arrow_forwardWhich of the following protects the body against infectious disease and foreign invaders? [A] Leukocytes [B] Red blood cells [C] Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) [D] Golgi apparatusarrow_forward
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- If a solute to be transported across the plasma membrane is a much larger molecule than an ion or glucose and more like a biopolymer or a dangerous digestive enzyme or a drop of proteins, cells use a completely different type of transport mechanism called ……………………………arrow_forwardDiffusion is important in body fluids because this process tends to:(a) increase local concentration gradients. (b) eliminate local concentration gradients. (c) move substances against their concentration gradients. (d) create concentration gradients.arrow_forwardFinal preparations for cell division are made during this stage of the cell life cycle: (a) G1, (b) G2, (c) M, (d) S.arrow_forward
- The cell marked with the blue dot synthesizes and secretes which of the following: Choose one from the following: (A) serotonin (B) immunoglobulin A (C) interleukin-1 (D) perforins and granzymes (E) interleukin-2arrow_forwardExcess physiologyic or pathologic stress may force the cell to a new steady state ………… .arrow_forwarda) Give the two main membrane proteins.b) State a function each of the mentioned protins. c) Explain why change in pH can affect the function of the proteins.arrow_forward
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