Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
State true and false:
Mendeleev discovered that when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic weight, certain sets of properties recur periodically.
Concept Introduction:
The periodic variation of properties and structures are shown when the elements are arranged in increasing
(b)
Interpretation:
State true and false:
Main group elements are those in the columns 3A to 8A of the periodic table.
Concept Introduction:
The periodic variation of properties and structures are shown when the elements are arranged in increasing atomic numbers is said to periodic law.
(c)
Interpretation:
State true and false:
Non-metals are found at the top of the periodic table, metalloids in the middle, and metals at the bottom.
Concept Introduction:
The periodic variation of properties and structures are shown when the elements are arranged in increasing atomic numbers is said to periodic law.
(d)
Interpretation:
State true and false:
Among the 118 known elements, there are approximately equal numbers of metals and non-metals.
Concept Introduction:
The periodic variation of properties and structures are shown when the elements are arranged in increasing atomic numbers is said to periodic law.
(e)
Interpretation:
State true and false:
A horizontal row in the periodic table is called a group.
Concept Introduction:
The periodic variation of properties and structures are shown when the elements are arranged in increasing atomic numbers is said to periodic law.
(f)
Interpretation:
State true and false:
The group 1A elements are called the “alkali metals”.
Concept Introduction:
The periodic variation of properties and structures are shown when the elements are arranged in increasing atomic numbers is said to periodic law.
(g)
Interpretation:
State true and false:
The alkali metals react with water to give hydrogen gas and a metal hydroxide, MOH, where “M” is the metal.
Concept Introduction:
The periodic variation of properties and structures are shown when the elements are arranged in increasing atomic numbers is said to periodic law.
(h)
Interpretation:
State true and false:
The halogens are group 7A elements.
Concept Introduction:
The periodic variation of properties and structures are shown when the elements are arranged in increasing atomic numbers is said to periodic law.
(i)
Interpretation:
State true and false:
The boiling points of noble gases increase going from top to bottom of the column.
Concept Introduction:
The periodic variation of properties and structures are shown when the elements are arranged in increasing atomic numbers is said to periodic law.
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
- 2-43 Which group(s) of the Periodic Table contain(s): (a) Only metals? (b) Only metalloids? (c) Only nonmetals?arrow_forward2-17 How does Dalton’s atomic theory explain: (a) the law of conservation of mass? (b) the law of constant composition?arrow_forward2-44 Which period(s) in the Periodic Table contain(s) more nonmetals than metals? Which contain(s) more metals than nonmetals?arrow_forward
- 2-23 It has been said, “The number of protons determines the identity of the element.” Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Explain.arrow_forward2-73 (Chemical Connections 2D) Copper is a soft metal. how can it be made harder?arrow_forward2-35 The two most abundant naturally occurring isotopes of carbon are carbon-12 (98.90%, 12.000 amu) and carbon-13 (1.10%, 13.003 amu). From these abundances, calculate the atomic weight of carbon and compare your calculated value with that given in the Periodic Table.arrow_forward
- 2-83 The natural abundance of boron isotopes is as follows: 19.9sf boron-l0 (10.013 amu) and 80.1% boron-11 (11.009 amu). Calculate the atomic weight of boron (watch the significant figures) and compare your calculated value with that given in the Periodic Table.arrow_forward2-99 A 7.12 g sample of magnesium is heated with 1.80 g of bromine. All the bromine is used up, and 2.07 g of magnesium bromide is produced. What mass of magnesium remains unreacted?arrow_forward2-94 Using your knowledge of trends in element sizes in going across a period of the Periodic Table, exp lain why the density of the elements increases from potassium through vanadium. (Recall from Section 1-7 that specific gravity is numerically the same as density but has no units.) Element Specific Gravity K 0.862 Ca1.55 Se 2.99 Ti 4.54 V 6.11arrow_forward
- 2-69 (Chemical Connections 2A) Why does the body need sulfur, calcium, and iron?arrow_forward3-58 In Section 2-3B, we saw that there are seven diatomic elements. (a) Draw Lewis structures for each of these diatomic elements. (b) Which diatomic elements are gases at room temperature? Which are liquids? Which are solids?arrow_forward2-12 The elements game, Part 1. Name and give the symbol of the element that is named for each person. (a) Niels Bohr (1885—1962), Nobel Prize for physics in 1922 (b) Pierre and Marie Curie, Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1903 (c) Albert Einstein (1879—1955), Nobel Prize for physics in 1921 (d) Enrico Fermi (1901—1954), Nobel Prize for physics in 1938 (e) Ernest Lawrence (1901—1958), Nobel Prize for physics in 1939 (f) Lise Meitner (1868—1968, codiscoverer of nuclear fission (g) Dmitri Mendeleyev (1834—1907), first person to formulate a workable Periodic Table h) Alfred Nobel (1833—1896), discoverer of dynamite (i) Ernest Rutherford (1871—1937), Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1908 (j) Glen Seaborg (1912—1999), Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1951arrow_forward
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