ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781260406092
Author: HARTWELL, Leland, HOOD, Leroy, Goldberg, Michael
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education/stony Brook University
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 40P
Figure 2.22 shows the inheritance of Huntington disease in a family from a small village near Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela. The village was founded by a small number of immigrants, and generations of their descendants have remained concentrated in this isolated location. The allele for Huntington disease has remained unusually prevalent there.
a. | Why could you not conclude definitively that the disease is the result of a dominant or a recessive allele solely by looking at this pedigree? |
b. | Is there any information you could glean from the family’s history that might imply the disease is due to a dominant rather than a recessive allele? |
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Tay-Sachs disease is a rare human disease in which toxic substances accumulate in nerve cells. The recessive allele responsible for the disease is inherited in a simple Mendelian manner. For unknown reasons, the allele is more common in populations of Ashkenazi Jews of eastern Europe. A woman is planning to marry her first cousin, but the couple discovers that their shared grandfather’s sister died in infancy of Tay-Sachs disease.a. Draw the relevant parts of the pedigree, and show all the genotypes as completely as possible. b. What is the probability that the cousins’ first child will have Tay-Sachs disease, assuming that all people who marry into the family are homozygous normal?
Several members of the family in the pedigree who suffered from a disease are colored in black.
Currently deceased members of the family are struck out with a line.
a. Based on the data in the pedigree, propose a Mendelian model that would explain the inheritance of
this disease. Explain how the data is consistent with your model.
b. A scientist hypothesizes that a mutation at a single locus is responsible for the pattern of inheritance
seen in this pedigree. Explain how a mutation in a gene can arise during meiosis. Describe one
strategy organisms use to prevent such mutations from arising.
I
II Ø-
III
TI
IV
of 22 Answered
딤 F3
F5
@
%23
$4
%
2
3
5
8
W
Y
S
F
G
Deafness is often inherited in humans as an autosomal recessive trait. Assume that this is the case here. Two
severely deaf people meet and marry. They have four children and all of them have normal hearing. What is the
MOST reasonable explanation for this outcome?
Select one:
a. The mutant allele for deafness shows variable expressivity and the normal children may have some hearing loss that is
difficult to detect.
b. Complementation has occurred in the children, indicating that the deafness mutations in the parents involved different
genes.
c. Deafness in this family is most likely caused by an epigenetic change such as the addition of methyl groups to the
DNA.
d. Deafness in this family shows a genetic maternal effect with the condition being determined by the genotype of the
mother.
Chapter 2 Solutions
ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
Ch. 2 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 2 - During the millennia in which selective breeding...Ch. 2 - Describe the characteristics of the garden pea...Ch. 2 - An albino corn snake is crossed with a...Ch. 2 - Two short-haired cats mate and produce six...Ch. 2 - Piebald spotting is a condition found in humans in...Ch. 2 - As a Drosophila research geneticist, you keep...Ch. 2 - A mutant cucumber plant has flowers that fail to...Ch. 2 - In a particular population of mice, certain...Ch. 2 - In humans, a dimple in the chin is a dominant...
Ch. 2 - Some inbred strains of the weedy plant Arabidopsis...Ch. 2 - Among Native Americans, two types of earwax...Ch. 2 - Imagine you have just purchased a black stallion...Ch. 2 - If you roll a die singular of dice, what is the...Ch. 2 - In a standard deck of playing cards, four suits...Ch. 2 - How many genetically different eggs could be...Ch. 2 - What is the probability of producing a child that...Ch. 2 - A mouse sperm of genotype a B C D E fertilizes an...Ch. 2 - Your friend is pregnant with triplets. She thinks...Ch. 2 - Galactosemia is a recessive human disease that is...Ch. 2 - Albinism is a condition in which pigmentation is...Ch. 2 - A cross between two pea plants, both of which grew...Ch. 2 - A third-grader decided to breed guinea pigs for...Ch. 2 - The self-fertilization of an pea plant produced...Ch. 2 - The achoo syndrome sneezing in response to bright...Ch. 2 - A pea plant from a pure-breeding strain that is...Ch. 2 - The following table shows the results of different...Ch. 2 - A pea plant heterozygous for plant height, pod...Ch. 2 - In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, the...Ch. 2 - Based on the information you discovered in the...Ch. 2 - Considering the yellow and green pea color...Ch. 2 - What would have been the outcome the genotypic and...Ch. 2 - Recall that Mendel obtained pure-breeding with...Ch. 2 - The gene that likely controlled flower color...Ch. 2 - For each of the following human pedigrees,...Ch. 2 - Consider the pedigree that follows for cutis laxa,...Ch. 2 - A young couple went to see a genetic counselor...Ch. 2 - Huntington disease is a rare fatal, degenerative...Ch. 2 - Is the disease shown in the following pedigree...Ch. 2 - Figure 2.22 shows the inheritance of Huntington...Ch. 2 - Consider the cystic fibrosis pedigree in Figure...Ch. 2 - Prob. 42PCh. 2 - People with nail-patella syndrome have poorly...Ch. 2 - Midphalangeal hair hair on top of the middle...Ch. 2 - A man with Huntington disease he is heterozygous...Ch. 2 - Explain why disease alleles for cystic fibrosis CF...Ch. 2 - The following pedigree shows the inheritance of...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In humans, having extra fingers or toes is caused by a dominant allele (E). People with two recessive alleles have 5 fingers and toes on each hand or foot. a. What is the genotype of someone who has 5 fingers and toes on each hand or foot?b. What are the two different genotypes that someone with extra fingers or toes could have?c. If two people both had the normal number of fingers and toes, is there any chance that their children could inherit the allele for extra fingers and toes? Do a Punnett square and show your work.d. If a man who was heterozygous for this gene married someone who was homozygous for the recessive allele, what fraction of their children would you expect to have extra fingers or toes? Do a Punnett square and show your work.arrow_forwardTay–Sachs disease is caused by recessive alleles on anautosome. In which case(s) could two parents with anormal phenotype have a child with Tay–Sachs?a. Both parents are homozygous for a Tay–Sachs allele.b. Both parents are heterozygous for a Tay–Sachsallele.c. One parent is homozygous for a Tay–Sachs allele,and the other is heterozygous.arrow_forwardEctrodactyly is a rare condition in which the fingers are absent and the hand is split. This condition is usually inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Ademar Freire-Maia reported the appearance of ectrodactyly in a family in São Paulo, Brazil, whose pedigree is shown here. Is this pedigree consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance? If not, what mode of inheritance is most likely? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forward
- In the pedigree shown in Figure Q19–14, the first born in each of three generations is the only person affected by a dominant genetically inherited disease, D. your friend concludes that the first child born has a greater chance of inheriting the mutant D allele than do later children.A. According to Mendel’s laws, is this conclusion plausible?B. What is the probability of obtaining this result by chance?arrow_forwardTake the example of B-thalassemia, an autosomal recessive genetic disease that particularly affects people from around the Mediterranean. This disease is associated with an anomaly of hemoglobin, a protein essential for the transport of oxygen, which is composed of four chains: two alpha (a) and two beta (B). In case of B-thalassemia, the ẞ chains are produced in insufficient or no quantity in an individual homozygous recessive resulting in insufficient production of overall hemoglobin leading to anemia and other physiological challenges. The gene that controls the synthesis of the ẞ chains is located on chromosome 11. Here is part of the coding portion of this gene (which controls a total of 146 amino acids and of which you only see the portion 36 to 41) and one of the targeted mutations: 1. Give the sequence of amino acids from the template and mutated strands. 2. What type of point mutation is it? 3. Using the principles of the theory of evolution, explain briefly and generally why…arrow_forwardThis pedigree (below) shows inheritance of a genetic disorder in a family. Assume the trait is rare. What is the mode of inheritance for this trait? [Select] You know this because that mode of inheritance is characterized by: [ Select] • An affected male parent passes the allele to [Select] and [Select] individuals who have the allele express it and and [Select] of his daughters. • An affected female parent passes the allele to [Select] of her daughters. ㅇㅁㅇㅁ î то ◆ of his sons of her so ?arrow_forward
- Without referring to the notation used to write the genotypes, how are you able to tell that a gene is inherited by: a. complete dominance (as described by Mendel)? b. incomplete dominance? c. codominance?arrow_forwardIn humans, the genetic disease cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive allele (a). The normal (healthy) allele is dominant (A). What is the genotype of someone who has cystic fibrosis? What are the two different genotypes that a healthy person could have? If two people were both heterozygous for the cystic fibrosis gene, what fraction of their children would be likely to have this disease? Hint: Draw a Punnett square to figure it out.arrow_forwardThe pedigree below tracks the inheritance of a genetic disorder through a family's generation. Determine the probable inheritance mode for the trait shown in the affected individual (the shaded symbols) by answering the following questions. I II 2 3 4 5 7 III 2 3 6 7 8 5 (i) Based on the pedigree, Y-linked inheritance can be excluded at a glance. Give your reason. (ii) What TWO (2) other modes of inheritance can be definitely excluded? Explain your answer. Of the remaining modes of inheritance, which is the most likely? Which is less likely? Explain your answers. (ii)arrow_forward
- This pedigree (below) shows inheritance of a genetic disorder in a family. Assume the trait is rare. What is the mode of inheritance for this trait? [Select] You know this because that mode of inheritance is characterized by: [Select] individuals who have the allele express it and • An affected male parent passes the allele to [Select] and [Select] of his daughters. • An affected female parent passes the allele to sons and [Select] [Select] of her daughters. 1008 ㅇㅁㅇㄹ O ✓ of his sons of herarrow_forwarda) Which of the four modes of inheritance are consistent with the disease shown in this human pedigrees below? (List the compatible mode or modes) Give an answer for a, b and c b) If the parents in pedigree c have 2 other children, what is the probability that they will carry the disease?arrow_forwardA heterozygous individual is crossed with a homozygous recessive individual. a. Draw a Punnett square to represent this cross. b. What is the probability that an offspring will have a homozygous genotype? c. What is the probability that an offspring will have a dominant phenotype? d. What is the probability that three offspring will be produced that all carry the recessive allele but do not express the recessive phenotype?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
How to solve genetics probability problems; Author: Shomu's Biology;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0yjfb1ooUs;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Beyond Mendelian Genetics: Complex Patterns of Inheritance; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-EmvmBuK-B8;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY