Bundle: Macroeconomics, 13th + Aplia, 1 Term Printed Access Card
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781337742375
Author: Roger A. Arnold
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 2, Problem 7WNG
To determine
Explain which points represent efficiency.
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( a) why is the slop of PPF downward?
(b) why does the PPF look concave to the origin?
(c) What is positive economic analysis?
Introduction to the Production Possibilities Curve (PPC)
As you know, the basic economic problem is scarcity. Since we do not have enough scarce resources to satisfy
everyone's needs and wants, we all have to make choices. We must choose how to spend our time, our energy, our
money, and our material possessions, and for every choice that is made, a cost is suffered.
The relationship between choice and cost can be shown in a graph called a production possibilities curve, or PPC. For
example, consider a student who has 4 hours of free time in the evening. He or she can choose to spend some, all, or
none of those 4 hours studying for a test the following day. He or she could also use the time to catch up on sleep.
These choices can be graphed:
Choice A - spend all 4 hours studying
Choice B- spend 2 hours studying, and 2 hours getting extra sleep
Choice C- spend all 4 hours sleeping
Of course, other combinations of the 4 hours exist.
The student could study for 3.5 hours, and get an extra…
(a) If PPF₂ in the graph that follows is the relevant PPF, then which points are unattainable? Explain your answer.
(b) If PPF₁ in the preceding figure is the relevant PPF, then which point(s) represent productive efficiency? Explain your answer.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Bundle: Macroeconomics, 13th + Aplia, 1 Term Printed Access Card
Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 1STCh. 2.1 - Prob. 2STCh. 2.1 - Prob. 3STCh. 2.1 - Prob. 4STCh. 2 - Prob. 1QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2QPCh. 2 - Prob. 3QPCh. 2 - Prob. 4QPCh. 2 - Prob. 5QPCh. 2 - Prob. 6QP
Ch. 2 - Prob. 7QPCh. 2 - Prob. 8QPCh. 2 - Prob. 9QPCh. 2 - Prob. 10QPCh. 2 - Prob. 11QPCh. 2 - Prob. 12QPCh. 2 - Prob. 13QPCh. 2 - Prob. 1WNGCh. 2 - Prob. 2WNGCh. 2 - Prob. 3WNGCh. 2 - Prob. 4WNGCh. 2 - Prob. 5WNGCh. 2 - Prob. 6WNGCh. 2 - Prob. 7WNGCh. 2 - Prob. 8WNGCh. 2 - Prob. 9WNGCh. 2 - Prob. 10WNGCh. 2 - Prob. 11WNGCh. 2 - Prob. 12WNG
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- What is meant by produce outside ppf and produce inside ppfarrow_forwardKatie loves swimming. Every afternoon, she visits the local swimming pool for a swim. The entry cost to the pool costs Katie $10 but she can swim for as long as she wants. Once she has entered the pool and paid the fee, Katie wonders how many hours should she spend swimming if she were to think like an economist. She expects to gain an incremental benefit of $21 from the first hour of swimming, then gains subsequent incremental benefits of $17 from the second, $11 from the third and $4 from the fourth. For every hour spent swimming, it will cost Katie $6 as she could have spent the time doing her homework. In determining how many hours Katie should be swimming, the $10 entry fee to the pool is a/an Type A for Average cost, M for Marginal cost, S for Sunk cost or O for Opportunity cost. Using marginal analysis, what is the optimal amount of hours Katie should spend swimming? The maximum surplus for Katie, from spending the number of hours you found in part b, is $ Answer to the nearest…arrow_forwardConsider the production possibilities frontier (PPF) that shows the trade-off between the production of cotton and the production of soybeans depicted in the figure to the right. Use the three-point curved line drawing tool to show the effect that improved fertilizers would have on the initial production possibilities frontier by drawing a new production possibilities frontier. Properly label this curve. Carefully follow the instructions above, and only draw the required objects. FRANarrow_forward
- Drawing a production possibilities frontier (PPF) Instructions: Consider an economy than only produces two goods - Blueberries and Batteries. Step 1: Draw a production possibilities frontier (PPF) for this economy. Label blueberries on the vertical axis and batteries on the horizontal axis. Label one point that is "efficient", one point that is "inefficient", and one point that is "unattainable". Step 2. Draw another PPF of the economy with the axes labeled. Grab another color pen/pencil/highlighter and show how the PPF would change if there was a technological change that increased the production of batteries only. (Hint: The intercept for blueberries will not change.) Clearly label the new PPF. Step 3. Draw another PPF of the economy with the axes labeled. Grab another color pen/pencil/highlighter and show how the PPF would change if there was a drought that destroyed some of the blueberry harvest. (Hint: The intercept for batteries will not change.) Clearly label the new…arrow_forwardSuppose the fictional country of Everglades produces two types of goods: agricultural and capital. The following diagram shows its current production possibilities frontier for millet, an agricultural good, and telephoto lenses, a capital good. Drag the production possibilities frontier (PPF) on the graph to show the effects of a long drought that reduces the amount of water available for farmers to use for irrigation. Note: Select either end of the curve on the graph to make the endpoints appear. Then drag one or both endpoints to the desired position. Points will snap into position, so if you try to move a point and it snaps back to its original position, just drag it a little farther. TELEPHOTO LENSES (Thousands) 360 300 240 100 120 60 . 10 PPF 20 30 40 MILLET (Millions of bushels) 50 60 PPFarrow_forwardIf a family spends its entire budget in a given time frame, the family can afford either 95 cans of vegetables or 40 frozen dinners. Assuming the family spends its entire budget on just these two goods, what is the opportunity cost of a can of vegetables in the time frame?arrow_forward
- 140 120 100 20 PPP 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Quantity of rubber hoses (Figure: Figure: Rubberland's Production Possibilities) Rubberland only makes two products, rubber band balls and rubber hoses, and on a given day can produce according to the lighter PPF curve in the graph. Point A on the lighter PPF curve represents the combination of the two goods Rubberland currently produces. When a new method of rubber processing is discovered, the PPF shifts to the right, the darker PPF curve. Assume that Rubberland does not make more rubber hoses than they originally made at point A but still maximize their productive capabilities. How many more rubber hand balls do they now produce per day than before? O 59 O 30 O 20 Q 39 Quantity of rubber hnd hallsarrow_forwardConsider an economy that produces two goods: X and Y. The following two graphs (A and B) each depict a scenario where the economy starts on the green production possibilities frontier (PPF 1). Each scenario depicts a shift from the first PPF to the second PPF in blue (PPF 2). Use the graphs to answer the question that follows. Graph A PPF PPF 1 2 Graph B ? Y Which graph depicts a technological breakthrough in the production of good Y only? ○ Graph A ○ Graph B PPF2 PPF 1 ?arrow_forwardBob is a skilled toy maker who is able to produce both cars and puzzles. He has 8 hours a day to produce toys. The following table shows the daily output resulting from various possible combinations of his time. Choice PUZZLES A B с D E 30 25 20 15 10 On the following graph, use the blue points (circle symbol) to plot Bob's initial production possibilities frontier (PPF). 50 Hours Producing (Cars) (Puzzles) 8 0 2 4 6 8 0 16.0 1 4 2 0 2 3 CARS (Cars) 4 3 2 1 0 Produced 5 (Puzzles) 0 11 16 19 20 6 7 8 Initial PPF New PPFarrow_forward
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