Chemistry (OER)
19th Edition
ISBN: 9781947172623
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 20, Problem 53E
Alcohols A, B and C all have the composition C4H 100. Molecules of alcohol A contain a branched carbon chain and can be oxidized to an
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Alcohols A, B, and C all have the composition C4H10O. Molecules of alcohol A contain a branched carbon chain and can be oxidized to an aldehyde; molecules of alcohol B contain a linear carbon chain and can be oxidizedto a ketone; and molecules of alcohol C can be oxidized to neither an aldehyde nor a ketone. Write the Lewis structures of these molecules.
Draw Lewis structures and condensed structural formulas for the four alcohols with the molecular formula C4H10O. Classify each alcohol as primary, secondary, or tertiary. (Hint: First consider the connectivity of the four carbon atoms; they can be bonded either four in a chain or three in a chain with the fourth carbon as a branch on the middle carbon. Then consider the points at which the iOH group can be bonded to each carbon chain.)
Write the structural formula for propylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol. Why is it classified as an alcohol? Is it a polar molecule? Should it be miscible with water?
Chapter 20 Solutions
Chemistry (OER)
Ch. 20 - Write the chemical formula and Lewis structure of...Ch. 20 - What is the difference between the hybridization...Ch. 20 - On a microscopic level, how does the reaction of...Ch. 20 - On a microscopic level, how does the reaction of...Ch. 20 - Explain why unbranched alkenes can form geometric...Ch. 20 - Explain why these two molecules are not isomers:Ch. 20 - Explain why these two molecules are not isomers:Ch. 20 - How does the carbon-atom hybridization change when...Ch. 20 - Write the Lewis structure and molecular formula...Ch. 20 - Write the chemical formula, condensed formula, and...
Ch. 20 - Give the complete IUPAC name for each of the...Ch. 20 - Give the complete IUPAC name for each of the...Ch. 20 - Butane is used as a fuel in disposable lighters....Ch. 20 - Write Lewis structures and name the five...Ch. 20 - Write Lewis structures for the Cis -trans isomers...Ch. 20 - Write structures for the three isomers of the...Ch. 20 - Isooctane is the common name of the isomer of...Ch. 20 - Write Lewis structures and IUPAC names for the...Ch. 20 - Write Lewis structures and IUPAC names for all...Ch. 20 - Name and write the structures of all isomers of...Ch. 20 - Write the structures for all the isomers of the...Ch. 20 - Write Lewis structures and describe the molecular...Ch. 20 - Benzene is one of the compounds used as an octane...Ch. 20 - Teflon is prepared by the polymerization of...Ch. 20 - Write two complete, balanced equations for each of...Ch. 20 - Write two complete, balanced equations for each of...Ch. 20 - What mass of 2-bromopropane could be prepared from...Ch. 20 - Acetylene is a very weak acid; however, it will...Ch. 20 - Ethylene can be produced by the pyrolysis of...Ch. 20 - Why do the compounds hexane, hexanol, and hexane...Ch. 20 - Write condensed formulas and provide IUPAC names...Ch. 20 - Give the complete IUPAC name for each of the...Ch. 20 - Give the complete IUPAC name and the common name...Ch. 20 - Write the condensed structures of both isomers...Ch. 20 - Write the condensed structures of all isomers with...Ch. 20 - Draw the condensed formulas for each of the...Ch. 20 - MTBE, Methyl tert -butyl ether, CH3OC(CH3)3, is...Ch. 20 - Write two complete balanced equations for each of...Ch. 20 - Write two complete balanced equations for each of...Ch. 20 - Order the following molecules from least to most...Ch. 20 - Predict the products of oxidizing the molecules...Ch. 20 - Predict the products of reducing the following...Ch. 20 - Explain why it is not possible to possible a...Ch. 20 - How does hybridization of the substituted carbon...Ch. 20 - Fatty acids are carboxylic acids that have long...Ch. 20 - Write a condensed structural formula, such as...Ch. 20 - Write a condensed structural formula, such as...Ch. 20 - The foul odor of rancid butter is caused by...Ch. 20 - Write the two-resonance structures for the acetate...Ch. 20 - Write two complete, balanced equations for each of...Ch. 20 - Write two complete balanced equations for each of...Ch. 20 - Yields in organic reactions are sometimes low....Ch. 20 - Alcohols A, B and C all have the composition C4H...Ch. 20 - Write the Lewis structures of both isomers with...Ch. 20 - What is the molecular structure about the nitrogen...Ch. 20 - Write the two resonance structures for the...Ch. 20 - Draw Lewis structures for pyridine and its...Ch. 20 - Write the Lewis structures of all isomers with the...Ch. 20 - Write two complete balanced equations for the...Ch. 20 - Write two complete, balanced equations for each of...Ch. 20 - Identify any carbon atoms that change...Ch. 20 - Identify any carbon atoms that change...Ch. 20 - Identify any carbon atoms that change...
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- Complete and balance the following combustion reactions. Assume that each hydrocarbon is converted completely to carbon dioxide and water. (a) Propane + O2 (b) Octane + O2 (c) Cyclohexane + O2 (d) 2-Methylpentane + O2arrow_forwardYou are teaching a class in organic chemistry to grade 12 students. Outline the differences in 3 physical properties between alkanes, alcohols, and carboxylic acids. Note: they all have the same hydrocarbon length.arrow_forward(a) When the metallic element sodium combines with the nonmetallic element bromine, Br2(l), how can you determine the chemical formula of the product? How do you know whether the product is a solid, liquid, or gas at room temperature? Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. (b) When a hydrocarbon burns in air, what reactant besides the hydrocarbon is involved in the reaction? What products are formed? Write a balanced chemical equation for the combustion of benzene C6H6(l), in air.arrow_forward
- Give the structures of three examples of molecules that have a molecular formula of C6H8(one should have one ring).arrow_forwardMTBE, Methyl tert-butyl ether, CH3OC(CH3)3, is used as an oxygen source in oxygenated gasolines. MTBE is manufactured by reacting 2-methylpropene with methanol.(a) Using Lewis structures, write the chemical equation representing the reaction.(b) What volume of methanol, density 0.7915 g/mL, is required to produce exactly 1000 kg of MTBE, assuming a 100% yield?arrow_forwardIn what way(s) is(are) the structure of H2O similar to that of CHCl3? In what way is the structure of water different from that of CHCl3?arrow_forward
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- Draw Lewis structures and condensed structural formulas for the four alcohols with the molecular formula C4H10O. Classify each alcohol as primary, secondary, or tertiary.arrow_forwardConsider the complete combustion of octane. Calculate the bond energies (in kJ/mol) for the:Combustion of methane CH4(g)+2O2(g)→CO2(g)+2H2O(g)a. bonds brokenb. bonds formedc. overall reactionarrow_forwardFind the butanol combustion enthalpy using bond energy and calculate the value of the change in heat of combustion due to the addition of a CH2 unit in the given alcoholarrow_forward
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