PHYSICS F/SCI.+ENGR.,CHAPTERS 1-37
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134378060
Author: GIANCOLI
Publisher: RENT PEARS
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A heat engine operates between a high temperature of
about 600°C and a low temperature of about 300°C. What
is the maximum theoretical efficiency for this engine?
(a) = 100%.
(e) Cannot be determined from the given information.
(b) - 66%.
(c)~ 50%.
(d) ~ 34%.
4. A typical coal-fired power plant operates with a high-temperature reservoir at Th = 800 K and a low-temperature reservoir at Tc = 300 K.
What is the maximum efficiency allowed by the 2nd law of thermodynamics (the Carnot efficiency) for a heat engine operating between these temperatures? Give your answer as a decimal number, not as a percentage.
(This isn't in section 4.2, so you might want to also take a quick look at equation 4.5 in section 4.5 of the textbook, or at the introductory material in this week's lab write-up.)
You are working on a summer job at a company that designs non-traditional energy systems. The company is working on a proposed electric power plant that would make use of the temperature gradient in the ocean. The system includes a heat engine that would operate between 20.0°C (surfacewater temperature) and 5.00°C (water temperature at a depth of about 1 km). (a) Your supervisor asks you to determine the maximum efficiency of such a system. (b) In addition, if the electric power output of the plant is 75.0 MW and it operates at the maximum theoretically possible efficiency, you must determine the rate at which energy is taken in from the warm reservoir. (c) From this information, if an electric bill for a typical home shows a use of 950 kWh per month, your supervisor wants to know how many homes can be provided with power from this energy system operating at its maximum efficiency. (d) As energy is drawn from the warm surface water to operate the engine, it is replaced by energy…
Chapter 20 Solutions
PHYSICS F/SCI.+ENGR.,CHAPTERS 1-37
Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 1AECh. 20.9 - Prob. 1DECh. 20 - Prob. 1QCh. 20 - Can you warm a kitchen in winter by leaving the...Ch. 20 - Would a definition of heat engine efficiency as e...Ch. 20 - Prob. 4QCh. 20 - Prob. 5QCh. 20 - The oceans contain a tremendous amount of thermal...Ch. 20 - Discuss the factors that keep real engines from...Ch. 20 - Prob. 8Q
Ch. 20 - Describe a process in nature that is nearly...Ch. 20 - (a) What happens if you remove the lid of a bottle...Ch. 20 - Prob. 11QCh. 20 - Prob. 12QCh. 20 - Give three examples, other than those mentioned in...Ch. 20 - Which do you think has the greater entropy, 1 kg...Ch. 20 - Prob. 16QCh. 20 - Prob. 17QCh. 20 - The first law of thermodynamics is sometimes...Ch. 20 - Powdered milk is very slowly (quasistatically)...Ch. 20 - Two identical systems are taken from state a to...Ch. 20 - It can he said that the total change in entropy...Ch. 20 - Prob. 22QCh. 20 - Prob. 23QCh. 20 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 1PCh. 20 - Prob. 2PCh. 20 - Prob. 3PCh. 20 - (II) A typical compact car experiences a total...Ch. 20 - Prob. 5PCh. 20 - (II) Figure 2017 is a PV diagram for a reversible...Ch. 20 - Prob. 7PCh. 20 - Prob. 8PCh. 20 - Prob. 9PCh. 20 - Prob. 10PCh. 20 - (II) (a) Show that the work done by a Carnot...Ch. 20 - Prob. 12PCh. 20 - Prob. 13PCh. 20 - Prob. 14PCh. 20 - (II) Assume that a 65 kg hiker needs 4.0 103 kcal...Ch. 20 - Prob. 16PCh. 20 - Prob. 18PCh. 20 - (III) A Carnot cycle, shown in Fig. 20-7, has the...Ch. 20 - (III) One mole of monatomic gas undergoes a Carnot...Ch. 20 - (III) In an engine that approximates the Otto...Ch. 20 - Prob. 22PCh. 20 - Prob. 23PCh. 20 - Prob. 24PCh. 20 - Prob. 25PCh. 20 - Prob. 26PCh. 20 - Prob. 27PCh. 20 - Prob. 28PCh. 20 - (II) An ideal heal pump is used to maintain the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 30PCh. 20 - Prob. 31PCh. 20 - Prob. 32PCh. 20 - Prob. 33PCh. 20 - Prob. 34PCh. 20 - Prob. 35PCh. 20 - (I) What is the change in entropy of 1.00 m3 of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 37PCh. 20 - (II) If 0.45kg f water at 100C is changed by a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 39PCh. 20 - Prob. 40PCh. 20 - Prob. 41PCh. 20 - Prob. 42PCh. 20 - Prob. 43PCh. 20 - Prob. 44PCh. 20 - Prob. 45PCh. 20 - Prob. 46PCh. 20 - Prob. 47PCh. 20 - (II) An ideal gas of n moles undergoes the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 49PCh. 20 - Prob. 50PCh. 20 - (II) Two samples of an ideal gas are initially at...Ch. 20 - (II) 1.00 mole of nitrogen (N2) gas and 1.00 mole...Ch. 20 - (II) (a) Why would you expect the total entropy...Ch. 20 - (II) Thermodynamic processes are sometimes...Ch. 20 - Prob. 55PCh. 20 - (III) Consider an ideal gas of n moles with molar...Ch. 20 - (III) A general theorem states that the amount of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 58PCh. 20 - (I) Use Eq. 2014 to determine the entropy of each...Ch. 20 - (II) Suppose that you repeatedly shake six coins...Ch. 20 - (II) (a) Suppose you have four coins, all with...Ch. 20 - Prob. 62PCh. 20 - Prob. 63PCh. 20 - Prob. 64PCh. 20 - Prob. 65PCh. 20 - Prob. 66PCh. 20 - Prob. 67GPCh. 20 - Prob. 68GPCh. 20 - A heat engine takes a diatomic gas around the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 70GPCh. 20 - Prob. 71GPCh. 20 - Prob. 72GPCh. 20 - The operation of a certain heat engine takes an...Ch. 20 - Prob. 74GPCh. 20 - Prob. 75GPCh. 20 - 1.00 mole of an ideal monatomic gas at STP first...Ch. 20 - Prob. 77GPCh. 20 - Prob. 78GPCh. 20 - Prob. 80GPCh. 20 - Prob. 82GPCh. 20 - The Stirling cycle shown in Fig 20-27, is useful...Ch. 20 - Prob. 84GPCh. 20 - Prob. 85GPCh. 20 - Thermodynamic processes can be represented not...Ch. 20 - An aluminum can, with negligible heat capacity, is...Ch. 20 - Prob. 88GPCh. 20 - A bowl contains a large number of red, orange, and...Ch. 20 - Prob. 90GPCh. 20 - Prob. 92GP
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- Show that the coefficients of performance of refrigerators and heat pumps are related by COPref=COPhp1. Start with the definitions of the COP s and the conservation of energy relationship between Qh, QC, and W.arrow_forwardA Carnot engine has an efficiency of 0.60. When the temperature of its cold reservoir the efficiency drops to 0.55. If initially Tc=27, determine (a) the constant value of Th and (b) the final value of Tc.arrow_forwardA copper rod of cross-sectional area 5.0 cm2 and length 5.0 m conducts heat from a heat reservoir at 373 K to one at 273 K. What is the time rate of change of the universe's entropy for this process?arrow_forward
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