EBK BIOLOGY
11th Edition
ISBN: 8220102797352
Author: Raven
Publisher: YUZU
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Textbook Question
Chapter 21, Problem 3U
The evolution of modern horses (Equus) is best described as
a. the constant change and replacement of one species by another over time.
b. a complex history of lineages that changed over time, with many going extinct.
c. a simple history of lineages that have always resembled extant horses.
d. None of the choices is correct.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Cladistic principles suggest that:
a.
All apes are hominins.
b.
Outgroups can help to define natural groups by showing what is primitive, and hence, what is derived.
c.
Birds are crocodiles.
d.
Species boundaries are fuzzy.
e.
None of the above is correct.
Which of the following pairs of structures is least likely to represent homology?
Group of answer choices
A. The mitochondria of a plant and those of an animal.
B. The wings of a bird and those of an insect.
C. The hemoglobin of a baboon and that of a gorilla.
D. The brain of a cat and that of a dog.
E. The wings of a bat and the arms of a human.
Select the taxon that MOST CLOSELY applies to each of the statements below regarding anthropoids. Each term may be used once or not at all.
Hominin genus with small head and oval birth canal.
a. Homo sapiens
+ Species with a brain mass approximately three times larger than that of b. Homo heidelbergensis
other extant hominins.
c. Homo floresiensis
* Species that comparative genomics suggests hybridized with Homo
sapiens.
d. Gigantopithecus
e. Aegyptopithecus
+ Small-statured species found in Indonesia up to about 50,000 years ago.
f. Homo neanderthalensis
+ Genus conjectured by some to have been responsible for the Yeti myth
in southeast Asia.
g. Homo
h. Homo erectus
i. Ardipithecus ramidus
j. Proconsul
k. Homo habilis
1. Australopithecus
m. Australopithecus afarensis
Chapter 21 Solutions
EBK BIOLOGY
Ch. 21 - Artificial selection is different from natural...Ch. 21 - Gaps in the fossil record a. demonstrate our...Ch. 21 - The evolution of modern horses (Equus) is best...Ch. 21 - Homologous structures a. are structures in two or...Ch. 21 - Convergent evolution a. is an example of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6UCh. 21 - The possession of fine fur in 5-month human...Ch. 21 - In Darwins finches, a. occurrence of wet and dry...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2ACh. 21 - Convergent evolution is often seen among species...
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- Derived characters are traits: A. that are more complicated than ancestral characters B. that characterize the last common ancestor of a particular collection of species. C. that have evolved after the last common ancestor of a particulan collection of species. D. that are less well suited to the environment than ancestral characters.arrow_forwardA. The earliest evolutionary change in the hominins was a. increased brain size. b. habitual bipedalism. c. changes in dentition. d. all of the above (they happened at the same time). B. Which of the following statements about endurance running is correct? a. Endurance running is found among all primates, but humans are most adapted for it. b. The ability to control body temperature is likely the most important running adaptation. c. Humans can outrun almost all other mammals, including horses, at short distances. d. Endurance running probably emerged with the appearance of Homo sapiens. Clear my choicearrow_forwardDNA sequence data suggest that modern humans last shared a common ancestor with Old World monkeys about 25 million years ago. In contrast, humans last shared a common ancestor with New World monkeys about 40 million years ago. What could be concluded about evolutionary relationships among these groups? A. Humans are more closely related to Old World monkeys than to New World monkeys. B. Old World monkeys are more closely related to humans than to New World monkeys. C. Both A and B are correct. D. Neither A nor B is correct. Explain.arrow_forward
- Which pairs of animals shows a correct example of the homologous structure A.Tongue of frog and proboscis of mosquito. B.Fingers of human and arm of starfish C.Wings of butterfly and wings of bat. D.Flipper of whale and forelimb of cat.arrow_forwardChanges in the traits of the fossils studied are consistent with what is expected to be favored by natural selection, given environmental changes during that time. Thus, from the late Miocene, modern horses evolved to have the following traits, consistent with grassland ecosystems becoming more common, EXCEPT for -- A. Formation of hooves and fused forelimb bones. B. Teeth adapted for browsing rather than grazing.. C. A muscle and tendon system allowing for a springing motion in galloping. D. Larger animals better designed for grazing.arrow_forwardBased on height calculations of Homo erectus fossils, biological anthropologists estimate that their average height was A. Similar to that of Australopithecines. B. Short, with most being approximately three feet. C. More than 70% taller than Homo habilis. D. Tall, within the range of modern humans.arrow_forward
- In Darwin’s finches, a. occurrence of wet and dry years preserves genetic variation for beak size. b. increasing beak size over time proves that beak size is inherited. c. large beak size is always favored. d. All of the choices are correct.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best reflects a phylogenetic relationship between chimpanzees and baboons? A. They are grouped together because they live in similar habitats. B. They are grouped together because they have a common ancestor in recent history. C. They are grouped together because they both have an opposable thumb. D. They are grouped together because they both feed their young breast milk.arrow_forwardYou are reading a scientific paper regarding the relationships of the anatomical and behavioral characteristics of chimpanzees and their implications for early hominid evolution. With the emphasis on anatomical and behavioral characteristics, this implies that the researchers are relying on A. Traditional classifications of chimpanzees and humans B. Nonevolutionary classifications of chimpanzees and humans C. An incorrect classification of human ancestors D. Cladistic classifications of chimpanzees and humansarrow_forward
- Several very distantly related species (e.g., bats, birds, insects) have evolved the capability of flight. The most recent common ancestor of insects and vertebrates likely lived over 500 million years ago and was flightless. This independent evolution of flight in multiple, distantly related taxa is an example of what evolutionary process/pattern? a. Evolutionary reversal b. Convergent evolution c. Speciation d. Synapomorphyarrow_forwardResearchers have found fossils of Eocene horse species in Colorado. Deeper deposits contain smaller species, and more recent deposits contain larger species. How does this observation support the theory of evolution? A. It provides evidence that species change over time. B. It does not support the theory of evolution. C. It shows that all species are related to each other. D. It proves that environments have changed over time. E. It suggests that species are unchanging and of recent origin.arrow_forwardA. Sex” refers to the observable physical characteristics that distinguish two kinds of humans, females and males. Select one: True False B. Palaeoanthropologists are biological anthropologists who study a. biological variation in living human populations. b. the fossils and remains of ancient human ancestors. c. human evolution using mitochondrial DNA. d. the material remnants of early human societies.arrow_forward
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