Essential Organic Chemistry (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321937711
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21.4, Problem 3P
The 2’,3’-cyclic phosphodiester that is formed (Figure 21.7) when RNA is cleaved reacts with water, forming a mixture of
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Essential Organic Chemistry (3rd Edition)
Ch. 21.1 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 21.3 - If one of the strands of DNA has the following...Ch. 21.4 - The 2,3-cyclic phosphodiester that is formed...Ch. 21.5 - Using a dark line for the original parental DNA...Ch. 21.7 - Why do both thymine and uracil specify the...Ch. 21.9 - If methionine is always the first amino acid...Ch. 21.9 - Four Cs occur in a row in the segment of mRNA...Ch. 21.9 - UAA is a stop codon. Why does the UAA sequence in...Ch. 21.9 - A change in which base of a codon would be least...Ch. 21.9 - Write the sequences of bases in the sense strand...
Ch. 21.9 - List the possible codons on mRNA that specify each...Ch. 21.10 - Adenine can be deaminated to hypoxanthine, and...Ch. 21.10 - Explain why thymine cannot be deaminated.Ch. 21.12 - Which of the following base sequences would most...Ch. 21 - Draw structures for the following: a....Ch. 21 - What nonapeptide is coded for by the following...Ch. 21 - What is the sequence of bases in the template...Ch. 21 - What is the sequence of bases in the sense strand...Ch. 21 - What would be the C-terminal amino acid if the...Ch. 21 - What would be the base sequence of the segment of...Ch. 21 - Propose a mechanism for the following reaction:Ch. 21 - A segment of DNA has 18 base pairs. It has 7...Ch. 21 - Match the codon with the anticodon: Codon: AAA GCA...Ch. 21 - Using the single-letter abbreviations for the...Ch. 21 - Indicate whether each functional group of the five...Ch. 21 - Using the A and D designations in Problem 25,...Ch. 21 - Which of the following pairs of dinucleotides are...Ch. 21 - If an mRNA contained only U and G in random...Ch. 21 - Why is the codon a triplet rather than a doublet...Ch. 21 - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the...Ch. 21 - The amino acid sequences of peptide fragments...Ch. 21 - Which cytosine in the following sense strand of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 33PCh. 21 - Why does DNA not unravel completely before...Ch. 21 - The first amino acid incorporated into a...
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- One of the steps in the biosynthesis of a nucleotide called inosine monophosphate is the formation of aminoimidazole ribonucleotide from formylglycinamidine ribonucleotide. Propose a mechanism.arrow_forwardWhat is the role of the histidine in the serine protease mechanism? It is a nucleophile. It attaches to the polypeptide chain being cleaved. It is an acid that donates H+ from aspartic acid. It is a base that accepts H+ from serine.arrow_forwardThe DNA of bacteriophage lambda has 1.2 x 10^5 nucleotides. How many proteins of molecular weight 40,000 could be coded by this DNA? Assume a molecular weight of 100 for the average amino acid.arrow_forward
- Draw the form of aspartate that predominates at the following pH values: pH = 1.0arrow_forwardThere are two families of nitrogenous bases. The pyrimidines have one six-membered ring carbon and nitrogen atoms while purines are larger with a six-membered ring fused to a five -membered ring. Identify the type of nitrogenous base from monomer nucleotides. How can you tell?arrow_forwardThe final step in DNA synthesis is deprotection by treatment with aqueous ammonia. Show the mechanisms by which deprotection occurs at the points indicated in the following structure:arrow_forward
- Suppose that 28% of the nucleotides in a DNA molecule are deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate, and that during DNA replication the percentage amounts of available nucleotide bases art 22% A, 22% C, 28% G. and 28% T. Which base would be depleted first in the replication process?arrow_forwardNAD+ stands for the coenzyme a. niacin adenine dinucleotide b. nicotinic acid diphosphate c. nicotinamide diphosphate d. nicotine adenosine dinucleotide e. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.arrow_forwardExposure to nitrous acid (see Section 19-16), sometimes found in cells, can convert cytosine to uracil.(a) Propose a mechanism for this conversion.(b) Explain how this conversion would be mutagenic upon replication.(c) DNA generally includes thymine, rather than uracil (found in RNA). Based on this fact, explain why the nitrous-acidinduced mutation of cytosine to uracil is more easily repaired in DNA than it is in RNA.*arrow_forward
- Prepare valine from the corresponding: a) aldehyde, b) halocarboxylic acid, c) keto acid, d) nitro acid.arrow_forwardShow the pentose phosphate pathway that produces PRPP and reducing equivalents such as NADPH. Illustrate two important types of palindrome sequences the enhancers and restriction enzyme sequences.arrow_forwardPredict the fragmentation pattern and masses of the dipeptide productarrow_forward
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Nucleic acids - DNA and RNA structure; Author: MEDSimplified;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0lZRAShqft0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY