Chapter 22, Problem 1M

Match each numbered item with the most closely related lettered item.

1. right marginal artery	a. veins that carry blood to right atrium
2. pulmonary veins	b. period of relaxation
3. left AV valve	c. contains three cusps; also known as tricuspid valve
4. diastole	d. specialized junction between cardiac muscle cells
5. SA node	e. veins that carry blood to left atrium
6. venae cavae	f. period of contraction
7. Intercalated disc	g. branch of right coronary artery
8. right AV valve	h. initiator of heartbeat
9. circumflex artery	i. branch of left coronary artery
10. systole	j. also known as bicuspid or mitral valve

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “veins that carry blood to right atrium.”

Correct answer:

veins that carry blood to right atrium: venae cavae.

Explanation:

Superior and inferior venae cavae are the largest veins of the body that carry de-oxygenated blood from all over the body in the right atrium of the heart.

b.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to the “period of relaxation.”

Correct answer:

period of relaxation: diastole.

Explanation:

Diastole is the relaxation phase of the chamber of the heart. During this phase, the myocardium of the particular chamber, which is in diastole, relaxes, and the blood enters into the chamber.

c.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “contains three cusps; also known as tricuspid valve.”

Correct answer:

contains three cusps; also known as tricuspid valve: right AV valve.

Explanation:

The right AV valve, which is also known as the tricuspid valve, is a one-way valve in the heart and allows the unidirectional flow of blood. It closes during the ventricular systole that helps in preventing the back-flow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium.

d.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “specialized junction between cardiac muscle cells.”

Correct answer:

specialized junction between cardiac muscle cells: Intercalated disc.

Explanation:

The specialized microscopic identifying features of cardiac muscles are called intercalated discs. These discs help in connecting the heart muscle cells that work as a single functional organ.

e.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “veins that carry blood to left atrium.”

Correct answer:

veins that carry blood to left atrium: pulmonary veins.

Explanation:

Pulmonary veins carry the oxygenated blood from the lungs and drop it into the left atrium, from where it is further circulated into the whole body.

f.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “period of contraction.”

Correct answer:

period of contraction: systole.

Explanation:

It is the contraction period of the heart. Systolic contraction of the heart pumps the blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. This period is between the first and second heart sound in a cardiac cycle.

g.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of right coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of right coronary artery: right marginal artery.

Explanation:

The right marginal artery is one of the branches of the right coronary artery. It follows an acute cardiac margin of the heart and is responsible for supplying branches to both the surfaces of the right ventricle.

h.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “initiator of heartbeat.”

Correct answer:

initiator of heartbeat: SA node.

Explanation:

SA node or sinoatrial node is present in the walls of the right atrium of the heart. It is a group of cells that is responsible for generating the electric impulse that keeps the beating of the heart.

i.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of left coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of left coronary artery: circumflex artery.

Explanation:

The circumflex artery starts from the left coronary artery and performs the functioning of supplying blood to the major part of the left atrium along with posterior and lateral free walls of the left ventricle. A blockage in this artery is responsible for heart attacks.

j.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “also known as bicuspid or mitral valve.”

Correct answer:

also known as bicuspid or mitral valve: left AV valve.

Explanation:

The AV valves are mitral and tricuspid valves that are present between atrium and ventricles. They are very important in preventing the backflow of the blood from ventricles into the atriums.

Answer to Problem 1M

Correct answer:

veins that carry blood to right atrium: venae cavae.

Explanation of Solution

Superior and inferior venae cavae are the largest veins of the body that carry de-oxygenated blood from all over the body in the right atrium of the heart.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to the “period of relaxation.”

Correct answer:

period of relaxation: diastole.

Explanation:

Diastole is the relaxation phase of the chamber of the heart. During this phase, the myocardium of the particular chamber, which is in diastole, relaxes, and the blood enters into the chamber.

c.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “contains three cusps; also known as tricuspid valve.”

Correct answer:

contains three cusps; also known as tricuspid valve: right AV valve.

Explanation:

The right AV valve, which is also known as the tricuspid valve, is a one-way valve in the heart and allows the unidirectional flow of blood. It closes during the ventricular systole that helps in preventing the back-flow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium.

d.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “specialized junction between cardiac muscle cells.”

Correct answer:

specialized junction between cardiac muscle cells: Intercalated disc.

Explanation:

The specialized microscopic identifying features of cardiac muscles are called intercalated discs. These discs help in connecting the heart muscle cells that work as a single functional organ.

e.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “veins that carry blood to left atrium.”

Correct answer:

veins that carry blood to left atrium: pulmonary veins.

Explanation:

Pulmonary veins carry the oxygenated blood from the lungs and drop it into the left atrium, from where it is further circulated into the whole body.

f.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “period of contraction.”

Correct answer:

period of contraction: systole.

Explanation:

It is the contraction period of the heart. Systolic contraction of the heart pumps the blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. This period is between the first and second heart sound in a cardiac cycle.

g.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of right coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of right coronary artery: right marginal artery.

Explanation:

The right marginal artery is one of the branches of the right coronary artery. It follows an acute cardiac margin of the heart and is responsible for supplying branches to both the surfaces of the right ventricle.

h.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “initiator of heartbeat.”

Correct answer:

initiator of heartbeat: SA node.

Explanation:

SA node or sinoatrial node is present in the walls of the right atrium of the heart. It is a group of cells that is responsible for generating the electric impulse that keeps the beating of the heart.

i.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of left coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of left coronary artery: circumflex artery.

Explanation:

The circumflex artery starts from the left coronary artery and performs the functioning of supplying blood to the major part of the left atrium along with posterior and lateral free walls of the left ventricle. A blockage in this artery is responsible for heart attacks.

j.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “also known as bicuspid or mitral valve.”

Correct answer:

also known as bicuspid or mitral valve: left AV valve.

Explanation:

The AV valves are mitral and tricuspid valves that are present between atrium and ventricles. They are very important in preventing the backflow of the blood from ventricles into the atriums.

Answer to Problem 1M

Correct answer:

period of relaxation: diastole.

Explanation of Solution

Diastole is the relaxation phase of the chamber of the heart. During this phase, the myocardium of the particular chamber, which is in diastole, relaxes, and the blood enters into the chamber.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “contains three cusps; also known as tricuspid valve.”

Correct answer:

contains three cusps; also known as tricuspid valve: right AV valve.

Explanation:

The right AV valve, which is also known as the tricuspid valve, is a one-way valve in the heart and allows the unidirectional flow of blood. It closes during the ventricular systole that helps in preventing the back-flow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium.

d.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “specialized junction between cardiac muscle cells.”

Correct answer:

specialized junction between cardiac muscle cells: Intercalated disc.

Explanation:

The specialized microscopic identifying features of cardiac muscles are called intercalated discs. These discs help in connecting the heart muscle cells that work as a single functional organ.

e.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “veins that carry blood to left atrium.”

Correct answer:

veins that carry blood to left atrium: pulmonary veins.

Explanation:

Pulmonary veins carry the oxygenated blood from the lungs and drop it into the left atrium, from where it is further circulated into the whole body.

f.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “period of contraction.”

Correct answer:

period of contraction: systole.

Explanation:

It is the contraction period of the heart. Systolic contraction of the heart pumps the blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. This period is between the first and second heart sound in a cardiac cycle.

g.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of right coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of right coronary artery: right marginal artery.

Explanation:

The right marginal artery is one of the branches of the right coronary artery. It follows an acute cardiac margin of the heart and is responsible for supplying branches to both the surfaces of the right ventricle.

h.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “initiator of heartbeat.”

Correct answer:

initiator of heartbeat: SA node.

Explanation:

SA node or sinoatrial node is present in the walls of the right atrium of the heart. It is a group of cells that is responsible for generating the electric impulse that keeps the beating of the heart.

i.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of left coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of left coronary artery: circumflex artery.

Explanation:

The circumflex artery starts from the left coronary artery and performs the functioning of supplying blood to the major part of the left atrium along with posterior and lateral free walls of the left ventricle. A blockage in this artery is responsible for heart attacks.

j.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “also known as bicuspid or mitral valve.”

Correct answer:

also known as bicuspid or mitral valve: left AV valve.

Explanation:

The AV valves are mitral and tricuspid valves that are present between atrium and ventricles. They are very important in preventing the backflow of the blood from ventricles into the atriums.

Answer to Problem 1M

Correct answer:

contains three cusps; also known as tricuspid valve: right AV valve.

Explanation of Solution

The right AV valve, which is also known as the tricuspid valve, is a one-way valve in the heart and allows the unidirectional flow of blood. It closes during the ventricular systole that helps in preventing the back-flow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “specialized junction between cardiac muscle cells.”

Correct answer:

specialized junction between cardiac muscle cells: Intercalated disc.

Explanation:

The specialized microscopic identifying features of cardiac muscles are called intercalated discs. These discs help in connecting the heart muscle cells that work as a single functional organ.

e.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “veins that carry blood to left atrium.”

Correct answer:

veins that carry blood to left atrium: pulmonary veins.

Explanation:

Pulmonary veins carry the oxygenated blood from the lungs and drop it into the left atrium, from where it is further circulated into the whole body.

f.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “period of contraction.”

Correct answer:

period of contraction: systole.

Explanation:

It is the contraction period of the heart. Systolic contraction of the heart pumps the blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. This period is between the first and second heart sound in a cardiac cycle.

g.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of right coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of right coronary artery: right marginal artery.

Explanation:

The right marginal artery is one of the branches of the right coronary artery. It follows an acute cardiac margin of the heart and is responsible for supplying branches to both the surfaces of the right ventricle.

h.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “initiator of heartbeat.”

Correct answer:

initiator of heartbeat: SA node.

Explanation:

SA node or sinoatrial node is present in the walls of the right atrium of the heart. It is a group of cells that is responsible for generating the electric impulse that keeps the beating of the heart.

i.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of left coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of left coronary artery: circumflex artery.

Explanation:

The circumflex artery starts from the left coronary artery and performs the functioning of supplying blood to the major part of the left atrium along with posterior and lateral free walls of the left ventricle. A blockage in this artery is responsible for heart attacks.

j.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “also known as bicuspid or mitral valve.”

Correct answer:

also known as bicuspid or mitral valve: left AV valve.

Explanation:

The AV valves are mitral and tricuspid valves that are present between atrium and ventricles. They are very important in preventing the backflow of the blood from ventricles into the atriums.

Answer to Problem 1M

Correct answer:

specialized junction between cardiac muscle cells: Intercalated disc.

Explanation of Solution

The specialized microscopic identifying features of cardiac muscles are called intercalated discs. These discs help in connecting the heart muscle cells that work as a single functional organ.

Summary Introduction

e.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “veins that carry blood to left atrium.”

Correct answer:

veins that carry blood to left atrium: pulmonary veins.

Explanation:

Pulmonary veins carry the oxygenated blood from the lungs and drop it into the left atrium, from where it is further circulated into the whole body.

f.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “period of contraction.”

Correct answer:

period of contraction: systole.

Explanation:

It is the contraction period of the heart. Systolic contraction of the heart pumps the blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. This period is between the first and second heart sound in a cardiac cycle.

g.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of right coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of right coronary artery: right marginal artery.

Explanation:

The right marginal artery is one of the branches of the right coronary artery. It follows an acute cardiac margin of the heart and is responsible for supplying branches to both the surfaces of the right ventricle.

h.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “initiator of heartbeat.”

Correct answer:

initiator of heartbeat: SA node.

Explanation:

SA node or sinoatrial node is present in the walls of the right atrium of the heart. It is a group of cells that is responsible for generating the electric impulse that keeps the beating of the heart.

i.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of left coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of left coronary artery: circumflex artery.

Explanation:

The circumflex artery starts from the left coronary artery and performs the functioning of supplying blood to the major part of the left atrium along with posterior and lateral free walls of the left ventricle. A blockage in this artery is responsible for heart attacks.

j.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “also known as bicuspid or mitral valve.”

Correct answer:

also known as bicuspid or mitral valve: left AV valve.

Explanation:

The AV valves are mitral and tricuspid valves that are present between atrium and ventricles. They are very important in preventing the backflow of the blood from ventricles into the atriums.

Answer to Problem 1M

Correct answer:

veins that carry blood to left atrium: pulmonary veins.

Explanation of Solution

Pulmonary veins carry the oxygenated blood from the lungs and drop it into the left atrium, from where it is further circulated into the whole body.

Summary Introduction

f.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “period of contraction.”

Correct answer:

period of contraction: systole.

Explanation:

It is the contraction period of the heart. Systolic contraction of the heart pumps the blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. This period is between the first and second heart sound in a cardiac cycle.

g.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of right coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of right coronary artery: right marginal artery.

Explanation:

The right marginal artery is one of the branches of the right coronary artery. It follows an acute cardiac margin of the heart and is responsible for supplying branches to both the surfaces of the right ventricle.

h.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “initiator of heartbeat.”

Correct answer:

initiator of heartbeat: SA node.

Explanation:

SA node or sinoatrial node is present in the walls of the right atrium of the heart. It is a group of cells that is responsible for generating the electric impulse that keeps the beating of the heart.

i.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of left coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of left coronary artery: circumflex artery.

Explanation:

The circumflex artery starts from the left coronary artery and performs the functioning of supplying blood to the major part of the left atrium along with posterior and lateral free walls of the left ventricle. A blockage in this artery is responsible for heart attacks.

j.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “also known as bicuspid or mitral valve.”

Correct answer:

also known as bicuspid or mitral valve: left AV valve.

Explanation:

The AV valves are mitral and tricuspid valves that are present between atrium and ventricles. They are very important in preventing the backflow of the blood from ventricles into the atriums.

Answer to Problem 1M

Correct answer:

period of contraction: systole.

Explanation of Solution

It is the contraction period of the heart. Systolic contraction of the heart pumps the blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. This period is between the first and second heart sound in a cardiac cycle.

Summary Introduction

g.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of right coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of right coronary artery: right marginal artery.

Explanation:

The right marginal artery is one of the branches of the right coronary artery. It follows an acute cardiac margin of the heart and is responsible for supplying branches to both the surfaces of the right ventricle.

h.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “initiator of heartbeat.”

Correct answer:

initiator of heartbeat: SA node.

Explanation:

SA node or sinoatrial node is present in the walls of the right atrium of the heart. It is a group of cells that is responsible for generating the electric impulse that keeps the beating of the heart.

i.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of left coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of left coronary artery: circumflex artery.

Explanation:

The circumflex artery starts from the left coronary artery and performs the functioning of supplying blood to the major part of the left atrium along with posterior and lateral free walls of the left ventricle. A blockage in this artery is responsible for heart attacks.

j.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “also known as bicuspid or mitral valve.”

Correct answer:

also known as bicuspid or mitral valve: left AV valve.

Explanation:

The AV valves are mitral and tricuspid valves that are present between atrium and ventricles. They are very important in preventing the backflow of the blood from ventricles into the atriums.

Answer to Problem 1M

Correct answer:

branch of right coronary artery: right marginal artery.

Explanation of Solution

The right marginal artery is one of the branches of the right coronary artery. It follows an acute cardiac margin of the heart and is responsible for supplying branches to both the surfaces of the right ventricle.

Summary Introduction

h.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “initiator of heartbeat.”

Correct answer:

initiator of heartbeat: SA node.

Explanation:

SA node or sinoatrial node is present in the walls of the right atrium of the heart. It is a group of cells that is responsible for generating the electric impulse that keeps the beating of the heart.

i.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of left coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of left coronary artery: circumflex artery.

Explanation:

The circumflex artery starts from the left coronary artery and performs the functioning of supplying blood to the major part of the left atrium along with posterior and lateral free walls of the left ventricle. A blockage in this artery is responsible for heart attacks.

j.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “also known as bicuspid or mitral valve.”

Correct answer:

also known as bicuspid or mitral valve: left AV valve.

Explanation:

The AV valves are mitral and tricuspid valves that are present between atrium and ventricles. They are very important in preventing the backflow of the blood from ventricles into the atriums.

Answer to Problem 1M

Correct answer:

initiator of heartbeat: SA node.

Explanation of Solution

SA node or sinoatrial node is present in the walls of the right atrium of the heart. It is a group of cells that is responsible for generating the electric impulse that keeps the beating of the heart.

Summary Introduction

i.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “branch of left coronary artery.”

Correct answer:

branch of left coronary artery: circumflex artery.

Explanation:

The circumflex artery starts from the left coronary artery and performs the functioning of supplying blood to the major part of the left atrium along with posterior and lateral free walls of the left ventricle. A blockage in this artery is responsible for heart attacks.

j.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “also known as bicuspid or mitral valve.”

Correct answer:

also known as bicuspid or mitral valve: left AV valve.

Explanation:

The AV valves are mitral and tricuspid valves that are present between atrium and ventricles. They are very important in preventing the backflow of the blood from ventricles into the atriums.

Answer to Problem 1M

Correct answer:

branch of left coronary artery: circumflex artery.

Explanation of Solution

The circumflex artery starts from the left coronary artery and performs the functioning of supplying blood to the major part of the left atrium along with posterior and lateral free walls of the left ventricle. A blockage in this artery is responsible for heart attacks.

Summary Introduction

j.

To determine:

The term that most closely relates to “also known as bicuspid or mitral valve.”

Correct answer:

also known as bicuspid or mitral valve: left AV valve.

Explanation:

The AV valves are mitral and tricuspid valves that are present between atrium and ventricles. They are very important in preventing the backflow of the blood from ventricles into the atriums.

Answer to Problem 1M

Correct answer:

also known as bicuspid or mitral valve: left AV valve.

Explanation of Solution

The AV valves are mitral and tricuspid valves that are present between atrium and ventricles. They are very important in preventing the backflow of the blood from ventricles into the atriums.