As we saw in Section 21.2, the reduction of iron oxides is accomplished by using carbon monoxide as a reducing agent. Starting with coke in a blast furnace, the following equilibrium plays a key role in the extraction of iron:
Use the data in Appendix 2 to calculate the equilibrium constant at 25°C and 1000°C. Assume ΔH° and ΔS° to be independent of temperature.
Appendix 2
Inorganic Substances
Interpretation:
For the given reaction, the equilibrium constant at
Concept Introduction:
Equilibrium constant:
Equilibrium constant is the ratio of the concentration of product and the concentration of the reactant at equilibrium.
It can be calculated using the relationship between Gibb’s free energy and rate constant:
Where,
Gibbs free energy: Gibbs free is a thermodynamic parameter, which can be defined as the amount of energy available with the system to perform a useful work.
Gibbs free energy Equation:
Where,
T– is Temperature in K.
The change in standard entropy can be calculated as follows:
The change in standard enthalpy can be calculated as follows:
Answer to Problem 22.104QP
For the given reaction,
The equilibrium constant at
The equilibrium constant at
Explanation of Solution
The given reaction is:
The following table gives the data of standard enthalpy of formation and standard entropy values for the reactants and products which are extracted from the appendix 2.
Reactant/Product | Substance | ||
Reactant | 0 | 5.69 | |
Reactant | -393.5 | 213.6 | |
Product | -110.5 | 197.9 |
Converting the temperature from
The change in standard enthalpy can be calculated as follows:
Converting it into
The change in standard entropy can be calculated as follows:
Calculating the Gibb’s free energy at
Calculating the equilibrium constant for the given reaction at
Thus, the equilibrium constant at
Calculating the Gibb’s free energy at
Calculating the equilibrium constant for the given reaction at
Thus, the equilibrium constant at
For the given reaction, the equilibrium constants at
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Chapter 22 Solutions
EBK CHEMISTRY
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