Pearson eText for College Physics: Explore and Apply -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780137443000
Author: Eugenia Etkina, Gorazd Planinsic
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Chapter 22, Problem 47P
To determine
The greatest angle
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Pearson eText for College Physics: Explore and Apply -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 22 - Prob. 1RQCh. 22 - Review Question 22.2 How can we test the law of...Ch. 22 - Review Question 22.3 Why is the expression light...Ch. 22 -
Review Question 22.4 Why did we study total...Ch. 22 - Review Question 22.5 What is the critical angle...Ch. 22 - Review Question 22.6 Why is the sky blue? Why are...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7RQCh. 22 - 1. How can you convince your friend that a beam of...Ch. 22 - 2. Each point of a light-emitting object
a. sends...Ch. 22 - What is a light ray? a. A thin beam of light b. A...
Ch. 22 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 22 - You fix a point-like light source 3.0m away from a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 22 - A light ray travels through air and then passes...Ch. 22 - 9. A right triangular prism sits on a base A...Ch. 22 - 10. A laser beam travels through oil in a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 22 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 22 - What effects of light radiation and reflection are...Ch. 22 - Prob. 14CQCh. 22 - Prob. 15CQCh. 22 - Explain how a sundial works (a sundial is just a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 17CQCh. 22 - Prob. 18CQCh. 22 - Prob. 19CQCh. 22 - Prob. 20CQCh. 22 - Prob. 21CQCh. 22 - The visible diameters of the Moon and the Sun are...Ch. 22 - The shadow of the Moon on Earth is 200 km wide....Ch. 22 - Prob. 24CQCh. 22 - 25. During the day, you can see the trees in your...Ch. 22 - 26. You look at a fish underwater Draw a ray...Ch. 22 - 27. Take a pencil and try to touch a penny on the...Ch. 22 - 28. Will a beam of light experience total internal...Ch. 22 - Prob. 29CQCh. 22 - Prob. 30CQCh. 22 - Prob. 31CQCh. 22 - Prob. 32CQCh. 22 - 33. What phenomena can be explained using a wave...Ch. 22 - How is it possible that two different models can...Ch. 22 - Oliver has finished building a wall in a house. He...Ch. 22 - Tree height You are standing under a tree. The...Ch. 22 - Lunar eclipse A lunar eclipse happens when the...Ch. 22 - * Shadows during romantic dinner You and a friend...Ch. 22 - * Pinhole camera (camera obscura) You want to make...Ch. 22 - 6. * Solar eclipse Only observers in a very narrow...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7PCh. 22 - An extended light source can be modeled as a group...Ch. 22 - * You have a small mirror. While holding the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11PCh. 22 - 12. Design a mirror arrangement so that light from...Ch. 22 - Two mirrors are oriented at right angles. A narrow...Ch. 22 - Prob. 14PCh. 22 - A flat mirror is rotated 17 about an axis in the...Ch. 22 - (a) A laser beam passes from air into a 25 glucose...Ch. 22 - 17. A beam of light passes from glass with...Ch. 22 - A beam of light passes from air into a transparent...Ch. 22 - 19. * Moving laser beam An aquarium open at the...Ch. 22 - **Lifting light You have a V-shaped transparent...Ch. 22 - Prob. 21PCh. 22 - Prob. 22PCh. 22 - 23. * BIO Vitreous humor Behind the lens of the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 24PCh. 22 - * Light moving up and toward the right in air...Ch. 22 - * A laser beam is incident at 30 with respect to...Ch. 22 - * Can your light be seen? You swim under water at...Ch. 22 - * Light is incident on the boundary between two...Ch. 22 - 29. Diamond total reflection Determine the...Ch. 22 - Determine the refractive index of a glucose...Ch. 22 - * You wish to use a prism to change the direction...Ch. 22 - * You aim a laser beam (in air) at 80.0 with...Ch. 22 - 33. * Prism total reflection What must be the...Ch. 22 - Gems and critical angles In gemology, two of the...Ch. 22 - (a) The refractive index for the gem aquamarine is...Ch. 22 - 36. * You have three transparent media with...Ch. 22 - 37. (a) Rays of light are incident on a glass-air...Ch. 22 - 42. ** When reaching a boundary between two media,...Ch. 22 - 43. * A laser beam travels from air (n = 1.00)...Ch. 22 - . You sit on a raft and want to orient a mirror so...Ch. 22 - 45. ** Rain sensor Many cars today are equipped...Ch. 22 - Prob. 46PCh. 22 - Prob. 47PCh. 22 - 48. A light ray is incident on a flat piece of...Ch. 22 - 49. * Prism You have a triangular prism made of...Ch. 22 - * You have a candle and a large piece of paper...Ch. 22 - 52. * You place a point-like source of light at...Ch. 22 - 53. ** There is a light pole on one bank of a...Ch. 22 - 54. ** Coated optic fiber An optic fiber of...Ch. 22 - relative to the normal, hits the mirror, reflects,...Ch. 22 - 56. ** A scuba diver stands at the bottom of a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 57RPPCh. 22 - Rainbows How is a rainbow formed? Recall that the...Ch. 22 - Rainbows How is a rainbow formed? Recall that the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 60RPPCh. 22 - Prob. 61RPPCh. 22 - Rainbows How is a rainbow formed? Recall that the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 63RPPCh. 22 - Prob. 64RPPCh. 22 - Rainbows How is a rainbow formed? Recall that the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 66RPPCh. 22 - Prob. 67RPPCh. 22 - Prob. 68RPP
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- Endoscopes are medical instruments used to examine the gastrointestinal tract and other cavities inside the body. The light required for examination is conducted from an outside source along a long, flexible bundle of optical fibers to the tip, where it exits and illuminates the internal cavity. A lens on the lip collects an image of the lighted cavity and another fiber bundle conducts the image back along the endoscope to an eyepiece for viewing (Fig. P22.52). If each fiber in the bundle has diameter d = 1.00 104 m and refractive index n = 1.40, find the smallest outside radius R permitted for a bend in the fiber if no light is to escape. Figure P22.52arrow_forwardUnreasonable Results To save money on making military aircraft invisible to radar, an inventor decides to coat them with a non-reflective material having an index of refraction of 1.20, which is between that of air and the surface of the plane. This, he reasons, should be much cheaper than designing Stealth bombers. (a) What thickness should the coating be to inhibit the reflection of 4.00-cm wavelength radar? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?arrow_forwardWhat is most likely to happen to a beam of light when it reflects from a shiny metallic surface at an arbitrary angle? Choose the best answer, (a) It is totally absorbed by the surface, (b) It is totally polarized, (c) It is un-polarized. (d) It is partially polarized, (e) More information is required.arrow_forward
- A light ray navels from vacuum into a slab of material with index of refraction n1 at incident angle with respect to the surface. It subsequently passes into a second slab of material with index of refraction n2 before passing back into vacuum again. The surfaces of the different materials are all parallel to one another. As the light exits the second slab, what can be said of the final angle that the outgoing light makes with the normal? (a) (b) (c) = (d) The angle depends on the magnitudes of n1 and n2. (e) The angle depends on the wavelength of the light.arrow_forwardPierre de Fermat (16011665) showed that whenever light travels from one point to another, its actual path is the path that requires the smallest time interval. This statement is known as Fermats principle. The simplest example is for light propagating in a homogeneous medium. It moves in a straight line because a straight line is the shortest distance between two points. Derive Snells law of refraction from Fermats principle. Proceed as follows. In Figure P34.54, a light ray travels from point P in medium 1 to point Q in medium 2. The two points are, respectively, at perpendicular distances a and b from the interface. The displacement from P to Q has the component d parallel to the interface, and we let x represent the coordinate of the point where the ray enters the second medium. Let t = 0 be the instant the light starts from P. (a) Show that the time at which the light arrives at Q is t=r1v1+r2v2=n1a2+x2c+n2b2+(dx)2c (b) To obtain the value of x for which t has its minimum value, differentiate t with respect to x and set the derivative equal to zero. Show that the result implies n1xa2+x2=n2(dx)b2+(dx)2 (c) Show that this expression in turn gives Snells law. n1sin1=n2sin2 Figure P34.54 Problems 54 and 55.arrow_forwardThe laser in a compact disc player must precisely follow the spiral track on CD, along which the distance between one loop of the spiral and the next is only about 1.25 m. Figure P38.29 (page 1186) shows how a diffraction grating is used to provide information to keep the beam on track. The laser light passes through a diffraction grating before it reaches the CD. The strong central maximum of the diffraction pattern is used to read the information in the track of pits. The two first-order side maxima are designed to fall on the flat surfaces on both sides of the information track and are used for steering. As long as both beams are reflecting from smooth, nonpitted .surfaces, they are detected with constant high intensity. If the main beam wanders off the track, however, one of the side beams begins to strike pits on the information track and the reflected light diminishes. This change is used with an electronic circuit to guide the beam back to the desired location. Assume the laser light has a wavelength of 780 11m and the diffraction grating is positioned 6.90 m from tike disk. Assume the first-order beams are to fall on the CD 0.400 m on either side of the information track. What should be the number of grooves per millimeter in the grating?arrow_forward
- Unreasonable Results An amateur astronomer wants to build a telescope with a diffraction limit that will allow him to see if there are people on the moons of Jupiter. (a) What diameter mirror is needed to be able to see 1.00 m detail on a Jovian Moon at a distance of 7.50108 km from Earth? The wavelength of light averages 600 nm. (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?arrow_forwardIn each of the following situations, a wave passes through an opening in an absorbing wall. Rank the situations in order from the one in which the wave is best described by the ray approximation to the one ill which the wave coming through the opening spreads out most nearly equally in all directions in the hemisphere beyond the wall, (a) The sound of a low whistle at 1 kHz passes through a doorway 1 m wide, (b) Red light passes through the pupil of your eye. (c) Blue light passes through the pupil of your eye. (d) The wave broadcast by an AM radio station passes through a doorway 1 m wide, (e) An x-ray passes through the space between bones in your elbow Joint.arrow_forwardA ray of light passes from one material into a material with a higher index of refraction. Determine whether each of the following quantities increases, decreases, or remains unchanged. Indicate your answers with I, D, or U, respectively. (a) The rays angle with the normal. (b) The lights wavelength. (c) The lights frequency. (d) The lights speed. (e) The photon energy.arrow_forward
- A ray of light is incident at an angle 30.0 on a plane slab of flint glass surrounded by water. (a) Find the refraction angle. (b) Suppose the index of refraction of the surrounding medium can be adjusted, but the incident angle of the light remains the same. As the index of refraction of the medium approaches that of the glass, what happens to the refraction angle? (c) What happens to the refraction angle when the mediums index of refraction exceeds that of the glass?arrow_forwardA Fermats principle of least time for refraction. A ray of light traveling in a medium with speed v1 leaves point A and strikes the boundary between the incident and transmitted media a horizontal distance x from point A as shown in Figure P38.98. The refracted ray travels with speed v2 in the second medium, eventually reaching point B. The horizontal distance between points A and B is L. a. Calculate the time t required for the light to travel from A to B in terms of the parameters labeled in the figure. b. Now take the derivative of t with respect to x. What is the condition for which the ray of light will take the shortest time to travel from A to B? Figure P38.98arrow_forwardWhat is the index of refraction of a material for which the wavelength of light is 0.671 times its value in a vacuum? Identify the likely substance.arrow_forward
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