Biology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188121
Author: Peter Stiling, Robert Brooker, Linda Graham, Eric Widmaier
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 7TY
The endosymbiosis hypothesis explaining the evolution of eukaryotic cells is supported by
- a. DNA-sequencing analysis comparing bacterial genomes, mitochondrial genomes, and eukaryotic nuclear genomes.
- b. naturally occurring examples of endosymbiotic relationships between bacterial cells and eukaryotic cells.
- c. the presence of DNA in mitochondria and cliloroplasts.
- d. all of the above.
- e. a and b only.
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One piece of supporting evidence for the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of eukaryotic cells is thata. eukaryotic cells have internal membranes.b. mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA.c. Golgi bodies and endoplasmic reticulum were present in ancestral cells.d. the nuclear membrane could only have come from another cell.
All living things are divided into three domains: bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. They have several traits that are specific to each domain or shared across the domains.
Based on this information, what traits would the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) be expected to have?
A. Nuclear envelope, introns in genes, and peptidoglycan in cell walls.
B. Histones associated with DNA, circular chromosome, and peptidoglycan in cell walls.
C. Unbranched hydrocarbons in membrane lipids, histones associated with DNA, and introns in genes.
D. Circular chromosome, unbranched hydrocarbons in membrane lipids, and one kind of RNA polymerase.
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The most primitive type of bacteria, which
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 22.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 22.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 22.1 - Look back at Figure 3.11. What is the...Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 22.1 - Prob. 1EQCh. 22.1 - Prob. 2EQCh. 22.1 - Prob. 3EQCh. 22.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 22.2 - Prob. 2CC
Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 1BCCh. 22.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 22.3 - Prob. 2BCCh. 22 - Prob. 1TYCh. 22 - Prob. 2TYCh. 22 - Prob. 3TYCh. 22 - Prob. 4TYCh. 22 - Prob. 5TYCh. 22 - Prob. 6TYCh. 22 - The endosymbiosis hypothesis explaining the...Ch. 22 - Which of the following explanations of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 9TYCh. 22 - Which of the following statements regarding modern...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1CQCh. 22 - Prob. 2CQCh. 22 - Core Concept: Evolution Describe two examples in...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1COQCh. 22 - Prob. 2COQ
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- The endosymbiotic theory explains the:a. origin of the first prokaryotic cells.b. origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotes.c. evolutionary relationship between animals, plants, and fungi.d. method of reproduction in protists.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is evidence that eukaryotes and prokaryotes share a common ancestor? a.All eukaryotes and prokaryotes use organic molecules as an energy source. b.All eukaryotes and prokaryotes are capable of mitosis. c.All eukaryotes and prokaryotes contain ribosomes. d.All eukaryotes and prokaryotes contain linear DNA.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is the MOST compelling argument that fungi are more closely related to animals than plants? A. Plants have chloroplasts whereas fungi and animals cells do not. B. Plants fix carbon dioxide from the air; fungi and animals use pre-existing organic molecules. C. The DNA sequences of ribosomal RNA of fungi share more homology with ribosomal RNA from animals than plants. D. Both animal and fungal cells are eukaryotic.arrow_forward
- In its organization, chloroplast DNA is most similar to a. bacteria. b. archaea. c. nuclear DNA of plants. d. nuclear DNA of primitive eukaryotesarrow_forwardThe theory of the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts was first proposed by the biologist Lynn Which of the following statements provides support for the theory of endosymbiosis? 1. All the genes found in chloroplasts are homologous to genes found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cell. 2. Mitochondria contain their own ribosomes. 3. Proteins need a targeting sequence to be imported into a chloroplast. 4. Mitochondria can generate a proton gradient and harness it to synthesize ATP. O A. 1, 2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct.arrow_forward1. Serial endosymbiosis is the most supported theory on how the first eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells. The figure depicts the evolution of eukaryotic cells which include links to prokaryotic cells from early in the history of life. Identify the cellular structures involved in the connection of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Describe the characteristics of the cellular structures that supports the evolutionary connection. а.arrow_forward
- which of the following are evidence that chloroplasts and mitochondria originated by endosymbiosis? A they have bacterial type DNA molecules, to cyanobacteria and Rickettsiarespectively B. they have bacterial type ribosomes c. chloroplasts and mitochondria replicate independently from the cell (they are "semiindependent) D. All of the above e. None the above Find the mismatched pair. A. Prokaryotic Organisms --Naked DNA in space denominated the nucleoid B. Eukaryotic Organisms-genomic DNA c. Prokaryotic Diganismspolycistronic is unmodified prior to translation D. Eukaryotic Organisms-monocistronic mRNA is modified before being translated E. Prokaryotic Organisms-generaly interrupted by introns (non-protein-coding sequences)arrow_forwardWhat do the multiple branching points at the root of the eukaryotic phylogenetic tree indicate about the evolution of eukaryotes? A. that unikonts are derived from the SAR clade B. that Archaeplastids were the first eukaryotes C. that fungi are more closely related to plants than animals D. that eukaryotes are all descended from a common ancestorarrow_forwardHorizontal gene transfer probably started soon after endosymbiosis. It has resulted in genes being moved from the mitochondrion to the nucleus. What is a reasonable explanation for why some genes still remain in the mitochondria? A. The products of those genes are rapidly damaged and need to be quickly replaced. B. The products of those genes are not required for organelle function. C. The ability for lateral gene transfer ended about a billion years ago and some genes simply got “stuck” within mitochondria. D. The products of those genes are only needed in the mitochondria.arrow_forward
- Sieve tubes and sieve elements are a. homoplastic because they have different function. b. homologous because they have similar function. c. homoplastic because their common ancestor was single-celled. d. structures involved in transport within animalsarrow_forwardWhich of the following observations would support the Darwinian theory for the evolution of cancer cells (select all that apply)? A. Mutations enable tumor cells to grow faster than normal cells. B. Cells within the tumor each have different mutation in RAS C. Cells isolated from a tumor are all found to have an inactivating mutation in a gene that is normally pro-apoptotic D. Cells of the same type isolated from a tumor are all found to have multiple identical mutations E. Cells of the same type isolated from a tumor are found to be genetically distinct and have different types of mutationsarrow_forwardSpirochetes are free-living, anaerobic bacteria that contain spiral-shaped cells. Nematodes are roundworms that are incredibly diverse and, as a group, have adapted to survive in all environments. Which of the following statements accurately describes the DNA of both groups? A. The spirochaete genome is smaller than the nematode genome. B. Nematode DNA is circular. C. Spirochete chromosomes are composed of just DNA while nematode chromosomes also include specialized proteins. D. Spirochete DNA is linear.arrow_forward
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Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License