Concept explainers
CP In experiments in which atomic nuclei collide, head-on collisions like that described in Problem 23.74 do happen, but “near misses” are more common. Suppose the alpha particle in that problem is not “aimed” at the center of the lead nucleus but has an initial nonzero
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 23 Solutions
University Physics with Modern Physics, Volume 1 (Chs. 1-20) (14th Edition)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Applied Physics (11th Edition)
University Physics Volume 1
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
Conceptual Physics (12th Edition)
An Introduction to Thermal Physics
- The protons in a nucleus are approximately 2 ✕ 10−15 m apart. Consider the case where the protons are a distance d = 1.85 ✕ 10−15 m apart. Calculate the magnitude of the electric force (in N) between two protons at this distance.arrow_forwardI've tried KE= (m1+m2)gh and m2gh but both of those did not workarrow_forwardA proton with mass m1 and initial velocity v1 makes an atomic collision with another atom with mass 3m1 and initial velocity zero. If we have: Q= 1/3 k1And the proton leaves the initial path at an angle of 45 degrees, find the final velocity of the second mass.arrow_forward
- a) Add the missing particles required to satisfy our laws of physics. p = uud, n = ddu, л¹ = ud, π = ud, лº = uu or dd. T → e + n→ p+ T° → e+v p+n→p+p+p+ b) For reactions (1) and (4) in part a), can the initial particles be at rest? Why/why not?arrow_forwardThe nucleus of an atom consists of protons and neutrons (no electrons). A nucleus of a carbon-12 isotope contains six protons and six neutrons, while a nitrogen-14 nucleus comprises seven protons and seven neutrons. A graduate student performs a nuclear physics experiment in which she bombards nitrogen-14 nuclei with very high speed carbon-12 nuclei emerging from a particle accelerator. As a result of each such collision, the two nuclei disintegrate completely, and a mix of different particles are emitted, including electrons, protons, antiprotons (with electric charge -e each), positrons (with charge +e each), and various neutral particles (including neutrons and neutrinos). For a particular collision, she detects the emitted products and find 17 protons, 4 antiprotons, 7 positrons, and 21 neutral particles. How many electrons are also emitted?arrow_forwardConsidering electron and proton as two charged particles separated by d = 5.9 × 10-11 m calculate the gravitational force between the proton and electron and find its ratio to the Coulomb force. Take the mass of the proton 1.7 x 10-27 kg, the mass of the electron 9.1 x 10-31 kg, the value of = 9x10⁹ m/F. Give the answer for the universal gravitational constant 6.7 x 10-11 N kg 2m-2, the electron charge -1.6 x 10-¹9 C and the gravitational force in 10-47 N. 1 Απερ Answer:arrow_forward
- Helpful information: (1) An alpha particle is a helium nucleus, (2) e = 1.6 × 10-¹⁹ C, (3) k = 9.0 × 10⁹ Nm² C-2, (4) 1nm = 1 × 10-⁹ m 1-An alpha particle lies on the x-axis, a distance of 1.0 nanometer from a proton (in this set-up, the alpha particle is at the origin while the proton is in the positive direction). Which of the following choices below represents the magnitude of the electric force on the alpha particle? (a) 2.3 × 10-10 N (b) 4.6 × 10-¹0 N (c) 2.3 × 10-19 N (d) 4.6 × 10-19 N eplacing the voltage sou the following inst choices below time != 1.00 37 instantaneous currentarrow_forwardIn nuclear fission, a nucleus splits roughly in half. A. What is the potential 4.00 x 10-14 m from a fragment that has 50 protons in it? (p=+1.602x10-19 C) →Why 1.8 MV is the answer for this problem?arrow_forwardThe carbon isotope 14C is used for carbon dating of objects. A 14C nucleus can change into a different kind of element, a neighbor on the periodic table with lower mass, by emitting a beta particle – an electron or positron – plus a neutrino or an anti-neutrino. Consider the scenario where 14C ( mass of 2.34 x 10 -26) decays by emitting an electron and anti neutrino. The electron has a mass of 9.11x 10-31 kg and a speed of 5.5 x107 m/s. While the anti neutrino has a momentum of 8.5x10-24 kg-m/s. If the electron and anti neutrino are emitted at right angles from each other, calculate the recoil speed of the nucleus.arrow_forward
- An Erbium-166 nucleus contains 68 protons. The atomic mass of a neutral Erbium-166 atom is 165.930u, where u = 931.5 MeV/c². In this question you may use that the mass of a proton is 938.27 MeV/c², the mass of a neutron is 939.57 MeV/e² and the mass of an electron is 0.511 MeV/c². i. Calculate the nuclear binding energy per nucleon, giving your answer in units of MeV. ii. Electrons with an energy of 0.5 GeV are scattered off the nucleus. Estimate the scattering angle of the first minimum in the resulting diffraction pattern. iii. Briefly comment on whether or not you expect this nucleus to be spherical, and what consequence this has for excited states of the nucleus in the collective model.arrow_forward4) A proton (p) and electron (e) are released when they are separated by a distance d initial acceleration for each particle, from one of the selections below. 4 À (4 Angstroms). Calculate, and then find, the magnitude of the %3D a) a(p) = 8.63 x 107 m/s², a(e) = 1.58 x 1021 m/s²; b) a(p) = 3.4 x 10'8 m/s², a(e) = 6.3 x 10²' m/s²; c) a(p) = 4.315 x 1016 m/s², a(e) = 7.9 x 1020 m/s²; or d) a(p) = 3.45 x 1018 m/s², a(e) = 6.32 x 10²' m/s?. %3D %3D 5) Two small spheres are placed a distance 20 cm apart and have equal charge. How many excess electrons must be placed on each sphere if the magnitude of the Coulomb repulsive force is F = 3.33 x 102' N? a) 2 x 103; b) 350; c) 761; or d) 1.2 x 10.arrow_forward(a) (b) (c) 1. Consider a system with two spin ½ particles in a four-dimensional basis |s₁m₁₂m₂ >: 1 1 1 1 2'2'2'2 (d) |4₁ >= |4₁₂ >= |4₁ >= |4₁₂ >= >= xi xi 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 2' 2 '2'2 >= x+xz where x and x are the eigenspinors of the operator Ŝ₂. The indices 1 and 2 refer to particle 1 and particle 2, respectively. In addition, 1 -1 1-1 2' 2 '2 Xi x > = X₁ X₂ S₁ is the spin operator of particle 1. $₂ is the spin operator of particle 2. Ŝ is the total spin operator: S = S₁ + S₂. Find the matrix representations of S1z, Szz, S2, and $2 in the four-dimensional basis |Yn >. Hint: make a table. Find the matrix representations of the total spin operators S² and S₂ in the basis |Yn >. Find the normalized eigenspinors and eigenvalues of $² and Ŝ₂. Congratulations: you just derived the Clebsch Gordon coefficients in a way that is different from the method used in Griffiths. Explain! Indicate degeneracies. Using the eigenspinors of Ŝ² and $₂ representations of Ŝ² and S₂ as your new basis, write…arrow_forward
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning