The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134874364
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas Schneider, Mark Voit
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23, Problem 48EAP
To determine

To Discuss: The brightness of the distant supernova.

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Why are so many astronomical objects in the universe flat today? (Like the solar system, Saturn's ring, black hole accretion discs) Let's focus on our galaxy. Originally, the galaxy was a huge spherical cloud of gas and dust, much larger than it is today, and rotating much more slowly. Explain using gravity and the conservation of angular momentum, why the galaxy today is a flat disc that rotates faster.
Suppose a hypothetical universe is expanding (at some moment in time) at a rate of H.  At this same moment the density of this Universe is ρ.    (a) Confirm for yourself that this is a closed universe, given the values below. (b) Determine, and enter below, the spatial radius of curvature for this closed universe (at the same moment in time at which the values above are given).   Values: H = 56 km s-1 Mpc-1 ρ = 4.9x10-25 kg m-3   Give your answer for (b) in units of Mpc, to the nearest integer (not in scientific notation - e.g., 1234).
1- As the universe expands, a galaxy which is at a distance of  5.0 x 106 pc, is moving away from you. What is the velocity of the galaxy relative to you? [You are given that Hubble's Constant is  H = 73(km/s) / (106 pc).     2- a)   The distance to Alpha Centauri (the nearest large star to Earth) is 4.37 Ly (Light Years). What is the distance in miles  (given that one Ly = 5.88 x 1012 miles?)          b)   Present rocket ship speeds are roughly 100,000 miles per hour, which is the same as 8.766 x 108 miles per year. At this speed, and using the distance you calculated in (a), how many years would it take to travel to Alpha Centauri?

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The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)

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