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- Explain the structure and components of a typical URI. Provide examples of common URI schemes.arrow_forwardExplain why a young child taking prednisone(glucocorticoid) for chronic kidney inflammationis at high risk for infection and might needprophylactic antibiotics.arrow_forwardDescribe the immediate consequences of a blood clot occluding the afferent arteriole or the efferent arteriole?arrow_forward
- Indicate whether the following sentences is True or False 1) Urea is the major nitrogen-containing metabolic product of protein catabolism in humans, accounting for > 75% of the nonprotein nitrogen eventually excreted 2) Dialysis is the process of separating substances in solution based on size and the difference in their diffusion rates through a semipermeable membranearrow_forwarddescribe the process by which the kidney filters the bloodplasma, including the relevant cellular structure of theglomerulus;arrow_forwardState the implication of a high value of NPN in blood and urine. What does the amount of urea, ammonia, and creatinine in the urine tell us about renal function? Which food substances can lead to an increased value of NPN in the blood?arrow_forward
- Elevated levels of white blood cells produce what condition in urine?arrow_forwardWhat happens to blood concentration of plasma proteins in an individual with renal disease that results in either (a) damage to the filtration membrane or (b) decreased filtration at the filtration membrane?arrow_forwardGiven: For urea, the rate of excretion equals to the GFR times the urea concentration in plasma. (A) If the urea concentration in plasma is 4.5 mmol/l, what GFR (in l/day) would correspond to an excretion rate of 450 mmol/day. (B) If the urea clearance is 70 ml/min and the GFR is 125 ml/min, what fraction of urea is being reabsorbed. (answer A and B)arrow_forward
- What disorder is affecting this patient and what situation(s) predispose an individual to this disorder?arrow_forwardWhat structure is highlighted in aqua in this image? A) renal cortex B) renal pelvises C) adrenal glands D) renal pyramidsarrow_forwardMr. Wilkinson had a urinalysis performed that showed a substantial amount of blood in his urine. Why is hematuria common with kidney stones? Because of the size and number of kidney stones present, Mr. Wilkinson was unable to pass the kidney stones. Describe a treatment available for Mr. Wilkinson. When Mr. Wilkinson was discharged from the hospital, he was given a list of dietary limitations. What might this list have included? You may use Google Scholar to research your information. https://scholar.google.com/arrow_forward
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