EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134505589
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON CO
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Chapter 23.4, Problem 3CC
Summary Introduction
To compare and explain: The description of the selection models shown in Figure 23.13 where a population with heterozygotes at a certain locus has an extreme phenotype that confers a selective advantage.
Concept introduction:
Natural selection favors the selective
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1a) Define the term linkage disequilibrium.
(b) Explain why it makes sense that natural selection can maintain linkage disequilibrium between two loci that are not physically linked when there is epistasis for fitness.
(c) Explain the role of linkage disequilibrium in employing QTL mapping as a way to investigate the genetic architecture of adaptive traits.
Population and Quantitative Genetics.
Assume the mean value for Trait A in Generation 0 is 0.5.
Mean value for those individuals that reproduce in Generation 0 is 0.75. Selection differential, S is 0.25.
Predicted response to selection, R is 0.143.
What is the predicted mean trait value in Generation 1?
Recall how Anolis carolinensis species on several islands off the Florida coast adapted to the arrival if invasive A. sagrei by growing bigger toepads, for easier climbing higher up in trees. Suppose an allele increasing topead size was intiially present at a frequency of 0.05. How much would it have to increase fitness in order to reach a frequency of at least 0.9 within 10 generations?
Chapter 23 Solutions
EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
Ch. 23.1 - Explain why genetic Variation within a population...Ch. 23.1 - Ot all the mutations that occur in a population,...Ch. 23.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS If a population stopped...Ch. 23.2 - A population has 700 individuals, 85 of genotype...Ch. 23.2 - The frequency of allele a is 0.45 for a population...Ch. 23.2 - WHAT IF? A locus that affects susceptibility to a...Ch. 23.3 - In what sense is natural selection more...Ch. 23.3 - Distinguish genetic draft from gene flow in terms...Ch. 23.3 - WH AT IF? Suppose two plant populations exchange...Ch. 23.4 - What is the relative fitness of a sterile mule?...
Ch. 23.4 - Explain why natural selection is the only...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 23 - Typically. most of the nucleotide variabillity...Ch. 23 - Is it circular reasoning to calculate p ond q from...Ch. 23 - Would two small, geographically isolated...Ch. 23 - How might secondary sex characteristics in males...Ch. 23 - Natural selection changes allele frequencies...Ch. 23 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 23 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 23 - There are 25 individuals in population 1, all with...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 23 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Using at least two examples,...Ch. 23 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY INTERPRET THE DATA Researchers...Ch. 23 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 23 - SYNTHESI2E YOUR KNOWLEDGE This kettle lake forracd...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Can the frequencies of all genotypes in a population be determined directly with respect to a locus that has only two alleles: one dominant and the other recessive?arrow_forwardQ1: What would the white-fur-pigment allele frequency be if three of the homozygous black allele mice (having two black alleles) were heterozygous (having one white and one black allele) instead? Q2: What would the white-fur-pigment allele frequency be if all of the white mice died and were therefore removed from the population? Would the black-fur-pigment allele frequency be affected? If so, how? Q3: What would the white-fur-pigment allele frequency be if all of the gray mice died and were therefore removed from the population?arrow_forward1. Which parameter from the software you are using in lab this week must you adjust in order to decrease the population size of the organisms in the simulation? 2. Which parameter from the software you are using in lab this week must you adjust in order to change the frequency of the A2 allele in the simulation? 3. If you wanted to simulate a population that experiences no natural selection pressures in AlleleA1, you would:arrow_forward
- C28. Do the following examples describe directional, disruptive, balancing, or stabilizing selection? A. Polymorphisms in snail color and banding pattern as described in Figure 24.13 B. Thick fur among mammals exposed to cold climates C. Birth weight in humans D. Sturdy stems and leaves among plants exposed to windy climatesarrow_forwardWhy is mutation important to evolution if it is the microevolutionary force that generally has the smallest effect on allele frequencies?arrow_forwardMAKE CONNECTIONS Explain how natural selection could increase the resemblance of a harmlessspecies to a distantly related harmful species. In addition to selection, what else could account for a harmlessspecies resembling a closely related harmful species? (See Concept 22.2.)arrow_forward
- Selection may also act against heterozygotes. How do allele frequencies change if the two homozygotes have unequal fitness, but heterozgotes have a constant 50% reduced fitness? Simulate allele frequency changes with multiple values of p0 (between 0 and 1). can you explain what happens and whyarrow_forwardQ1: What is selective breeding, and how does it work? Q2: Explain how selective breeding leads to artificial selection. Q3: Name as many organisms as you can whose current characteristics are due to artificial selection.arrow_forwardWhich parameter from the software must you adjust in order to give a "selection advantage" to organisms with particular phenotypes? Select one. 1. Starting frequency of allele A1 2. Fitness of genotype A1A1 3. Mutation rate from A1 to A2 4. Fraction migrants each generation 5. Population size 6. Inbreeding coefficient (F)arrow_forward
- Recall that the Hardy-Weinberg model makes the following assumptions: No mutations Extremely large population No gene flow No selection You score flower colour in a very large natural population where flower colour is a co-dominant trait where white and red are homozygotes (CWCW and CRCR) and pink are heterozygotes (CWCR). Taking your observed phenotypes and genotypes, you apply the Hardy-Weinberg principle and find an excess of homozygous individuals (that is, individuals with either white or red flowers). Give two plausible explanations for this excess of homozygotes in the natural population.arrow_forwardGive typing answer with explanation and conclusion During adaptation what qualifies as the principle Darwinian "individual" in populations that are being shaped by this process?arrow_forwardBook: Greatest Show on Earth Answer both question below. Explain what Dawkins says selection is acting on in chapter 2 and how that variation is distributed throughout a population (gene pool) (blending vs. independent assortment). -150 word minimum In chapter 3, Dawkins suggests that selection is powerful yet unconscious of its actions ("without any understanding at all"). He uses a variety of examples to highlight how various organisms drive selection, sometimes consciously and sometimes unconsciously, by mediating the breeding process. Using one of the examples explain how some organisms unconsciously drive the selection of others. -150 word minimumarrow_forward
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