EBK FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRONOMY
14th Edition
ISBN: 8220106820612
Author: Backman
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 24, Problem 16P
To determine
The average death rate per year from major asteroid impact and compare it with death rate per year due to airplane crashes.
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A sample from a meteorite that landed on Earth has been analyzed, and the result shows that out of every 1,000 nuclei of potassium-40 originally in the meteorite, only 125 are
still present, meaning they have not yet decayed. How old is the meteorite (in yr)? (Hint: See the figure below.) (Note: The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.3 billion years.)
Figure
Graph
Bar charts
A mineral sample
containing radioactive
atoms :, which decay
into daughter atoms
100
Percentage of
radioactive and
daughter atoms
in the mineral
50
100
Percentage of
-radioactive atoms
remaining
Age in half-lives
yr
Percentage remaining
A sample from a meteorite that landed on Earth has been analyzed, and the result shows that out of every 1,000 nuclei of potassium-40 originally in the meteorite, only 125 are still present, meaning
they have not yet decayed. How old is the meteorite (in yr)? (Hint: See the figure below.) (Note: The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.3 billion years.)
Figure
Graph
Bar charts
A mineral sample
containing radioactive
atoms :, which decay
into daughter atoms ::
100
Percentage of
radioactive and
50
daughter atoms
in the mineral
100
Percentage of
50
-radioactive atoms
remaining
2
3
Age in half-lives
yr
Percentage remaining
:---1/2 remain----ER
1/4 remain---- ---:
1/8 remain-------
The iron meteorite that created Barringer Crater (Arizona) was 50 m in diameter. It caused a crater 1.2 km (1200 m) in diameter, that is, 24 times bigger than the impactor. Keeping in mind that the size of the crater depends on many factors, such as the type of rocks present in the area, estimate the approximate size of the impactor that produced Mare Serenitatis.
Chapter 24 Solutions
EBK FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRONOMY
Ch. 24 - What is the difference between a meteoroid and an...Ch. 24 - What do Widmansttten patterns indicate about the...Ch. 24 - Why is it possible to acquire Moon rocks by...Ch. 24 - Prob. 4RQCh. 24 - Prob. 5RQCh. 24 - Prob. 6RQCh. 24 - Why do astronomers refer to carbonaceous...Ch. 24 - Prob. 8RQCh. 24 - Prob. 9RQCh. 24 - Of all the meteorites shown in Figure 24-2, which...
Ch. 24 - Meteorites were once part of which type of...Ch. 24 - Most sporadic meteors were once part of which...Ch. 24 - Meteors in showers were once part of which type of...Ch. 24 - Prob. 14RQCh. 24 - Prob. 15RQCh. 24 - Why do astronomers conclude that asteroids were...Ch. 24 - A fragment from the surface of a differentiated...Ch. 24 - What evidence indicates that the asteroids are...Ch. 24 - Prob. 19RQCh. 24 - Prob. 20RQCh. 24 - What evidence indicates that some asteroids once...Ch. 24 - How is the composition of meteorites related to...Ch. 24 - Prob. 23RQCh. 24 - Prob. 24RQCh. 24 - What is the difference between a centaur and a...Ch. 24 - What is the difference between a comets dust tail...Ch. 24 - What evidence indicates that a comets nucleus is...Ch. 24 - Why do most short-period comets have prograde...Ch. 24 - What are possible fates (or end-states) for...Ch. 24 - What are the hypotheses for how the bodies in the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 31RQCh. 24 - How would studying the chemical composition of...Ch. 24 - Assuming a night lasts 12 hours, how many total...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2PCh. 24 - If a single asteroid 1 km in diameter were to...Ch. 24 - If a trillion (1012) asteroids, each 1 km in...Ch. 24 - Prob. 5PCh. 24 - The asteroid Vesta has a mass of 2.6 1020 kg and...Ch. 24 - Prob. 7PCh. 24 - What is the maximum angular diameter of the dwarf...Ch. 24 - At what average distances from the Sun would you...Ch. 24 - Prob. 10PCh. 24 - If the velocity of the solar wind is about 4.0 ...Ch. 24 - What is the average distance of Comet Halley from...Ch. 24 - If you saw Comet Halley when the comet was 0.7 AU...Ch. 24 - What is the orbital period of a comet nucleus at...Ch. 24 - The mass of an average comets nucleus is about 1.0...Ch. 24 - Prob. 16PCh. 24 - Prob. 1SOPCh. 24 - Earth orbits 1 AU from the Sun, and the Oort cloud...Ch. 24 - Look at Figure 24-2d. Identify the chondrules by...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 24 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 24 - Look at the images of Comet Mrkos on the left page...Ch. 24 - Prob. 5LTLCh. 24 - Prob. 6LTLCh. 24 - Prob. 7LTL
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- You analyze a sample of a meteorite that landed on Earth and find that 7/8 of the uranium-238 radioactive atoms have decayed into lead-206. What is the age of the sample (in years) if the half-life of uranium-238 is 4.5 billion years?arrow_forwardDo you think scientists should make plans to defend Earth from future asteroid impacts? Is it right to intervene in the same evolutionary process that made the development of mammals (including us) possible after the big impact 65 million years ago?arrow_forwardIs it likely that life ever existed on either Venus or Mars? Justify your answer in each case.arrow_forward
- Suppose a major impact that produces a mass extinction takes place on Earth once every 5 million years. Suppose further that if such an event occurred today, you and most other humans would be killed (this would be true even if the human species as a whole survived). Such impact events are random, and one could take place at any time. Calculate the probability that such an impact will occur within the next 50 years (within your lifetime).arrow_forwardHow do impacts by comets and asteroids influence Earth’s geology, its atmosphere, and the evolution of life?arrow_forwardWhere is the oxygen on Mars today? How do you know?arrow_forward
- A sample from a meteorite that landed on Earth has been analyzed, and the result shows that out of every 1,000 nuclei of potassium-40 originally in the meteorite, only 250 are still present, meaning they have not yet decayed. How old is the meteorite (in yr)? (Hint: See the figure below.) (Note: The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.3 billion years.) Figure A graph and a series of bar charts above it both show the percentage of radioactive atoms remaining in a mineral sample. Detailed descriptions of the graph and the bar charts are available in the adjacent lists.arrow_forwardXavier is at NASA analyzing Moon rocks. In one of the rocks from the lunar Maria, he discovered 80% of the original uranium-238 remains, while remaining amount of uranium-238 had decayed into lead. The half life of uranium-238 is 4.5 x 109 years. Assume the only decay product is lead. How old is the lunar Maria rock in billions of years (109 years) ?arrow_forwardGiven that the half-life of carbon-14 is 5,730 years. Consider a sample of fossilized wood that when alive, would have contained 24 gm of carbon-14. It now contains 1.5 gm of carbon-14. How old is the sample?arrow_forward
- A sample from a meteorite that landed on Earth has been analyzed, and the result shows that out of every 1,000 nuclei of potassium-40 originally in the meteorite, only 250 are still present, meaning they have not yet decayed. How old is the meteorite (in yr)? (Hint: See the figure below.) (Note: The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.3 billion years.)arrow_forwardA lot of asteroid and comet dust collides with Earth's atmosphere everyday. Assume that 500 tons of mass is added to Earth daily from the millions of meteors that enter our atmosphere. Estimate the time it would take for the Earth's mass to increase 0.2% with this impact rate. Is this mass accumulation significant to Earth as a planet.arrow_forwardThe half-life of Uranium-235 is 700 million years, which makes it useful for dating meteorites. If a meteorite has been determined to have 40% of its original amount of uranium, how old is it?arrow_forward
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