WHAT IS LIFE? ACHIEVE 1 TERM ACCESS CODE
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781319516116
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 24, Problem 2SA
Summary Introduction
To review:
How the structure and roles of neurons and glial cells compare with each other.
Introduction:
Neurons are the cells of the nervous system that carry electrical signals, while the glial cells are the cells that support the neurons.
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Draw a simple schematic of a neuron and label its parts. Where does “information” usually go in and through which structure is it passed on? Where is the action potential generated?
Draw and identify specific structures of a neuron.
Neurons: dendrites, cell body, axon
Neuroglia
Sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron
Axon with myelin
A stimulus causes a change in permeability of neural membranes, which begins the process of transmitting an impulse. If the stimulus reaches the threshold potential of a neuron, an action potential is generated. Select the numbers of the
statements below that occur once the threshold potential is reached.
1. Sodium ions flow into the neuron.
2. Sodium ions flow out of the neuron.
3. The membrane potential becomes positive.
4. The membrane potential becomes negative.
5. Voltage-gated potassium channels open.
6. Voltage-gated potassium channels close.
7. Potassium ions flow into the neuron.
8. Potassium ions flow out of the neuron.
Place the numbers in order from the first event to the last event:
and
Chapter 24 Solutions
WHAT IS LIFE? ACHIEVE 1 TERM ACCESS CODE
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- Describe the action potential conduction and neurotransmission process from one neuron to another, electrically (including saltatory conduction) and chemically. Please include peer reviewed references.arrow_forwardDescribe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system.arrow_forwardAlcohol addiction is a condition in which a person experiencesdependent on alcohol and difficult to control its consumption. On the other hand, excessive alcohol consumption in the long term can cause disturbances in brain performance, including disturbances in memory, attention, coordination, and locomotion. How does alcohol affect the functioning of nerve cells and the central nervous system? What is the mechanism that occurs? Based on information from the literature, analyze what will happen to coordination and locomotion in someone who is addicted to alcohol and consumes large amounts of alcohol over a long period of time.arrow_forward
- This is a biology question regarding nerve impulses. Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a condition where tumours can grow in the nerves near the skin. The growth of tumours prevents the action potentials from quickly travelling through the neurons. Identify the nerve structure from the image below and the division of the nervous system affected by neurofibromatosis type 1. CNS = Central Nervous System PNS = Peripheral Nervous System Select one: a. Nerve Structure Division of Nervous System 3 PNS b. Nerve Structure Division of Nervous System 4 CNS c. Nerve Structure Division of Nervous System 5 PNS d. Nerve Structure Division of Nervous System 1 CNSarrow_forwardVisit this site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/nervetissue3) to learn about how nervous tissue is composed of neurons and glial cells. Neurons are dynamic cells with the ability to make a vast number of connections, to respond incredibly quickly to stimuli, and to initiate movements on the basis of those stimuli. They are the focus of intense research because failures in physiology can lead to devastating illnesses. Why are neurons only found in animals? Based on what this article says about neuron function, why wouldn't they be helpful for plants or microorganisms?arrow_forwardDraw a neuron, label its parts, and describe the functions of these parts.arrow_forward
- Compare and contrast the two main types of neural circuits in the central nervous system?arrow_forwardMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a disorder that causes the destruction of myelin sheaths surrounding neurons. People with MS display many symptoms, including slurred speech, double vision, and poor muscle coordination. What is the direct effect of MS on nerve impulse transmission? Select one: The movement of impulses along neurons is slower than normal. Dendrites cannot be stimulated by acetylcholine, therefore impulses are not generated in neurons. The threshold level of stimulation for neurons is greater than normal. Axons cannot sectete acetylcholine, therefore impulses are not able to travel across synapses. Oarrow_forwardThe presence of an electrical gradient is responsible for both the resting membrane potential and the action potential in the neuron.a. In this case who is responsible for maintaining the electric gradient to produce a potential for the resting membrane?b. Explain what is meant by an electrical gradient in the context of a cell (neuron)!arrow_forward
- Schwann cells are a type of glial cell found in the nervous system. In addition to the conduction of nerve impulses, the outermost layer called neurilemma aids in nerve development and regeneration. After examining the image below, can you explain why brain cells have limited capacity for regeneration? Human Brain Cross Section. Rajalakshmi L Nair et al. Select one: a. Neurons in the central nervous system lack neurilemma of Schwann cells. O b. Neurons in the central nervous system are surrounded by white matter. c. Axons of the peripheral nervous system lack neurilemma of Schwann cells. d. Neurons in the peripheral nervous system are surrounded by grey matter.arrow_forwardDraw and explain the concept map of the nervous systemarrow_forwardDescribe how a cell fires an action potential and be sure to address which structures are involved in neurotransmission. Please include peer reviewed references.arrow_forward
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